The XENON1T dark matter experiment Aalbers, J.; Alfonsi, M.; Amaro, F. D. ...
The European physical journal. C, Particles and fields,
12/2017, Letnik:
77, Številka:
12
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The XENON1T experiment at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) is the first WIMP dark matter detector operating with a liquid xenon target mass above the ton-scale. Out of its 3.2 t liquid ...xenon inventory, 2.0 t constitute the active target of the dual-phase time projection chamber. The scintillation and ionization signals from particle interactions are detected with low-background photomultipliers. This article describes the XENON1T instrument and its subsystems as well as strategies to achieve an unprecedented low background level. First results on the detector response and the performance of the subsystems are also presented.
We detail the sensitivity of the proposed liquid xenon DARWIN observatory to solar neutrinos via elastic electron scattering. We find that DARWIN will have the potential to measure the fluxes of five ...solar neutrino components:
pp
,
7
Be,
13
N,
15
O and
pep
. The precision of the
13
N,
15
O and
pep
components is hindered by the double-beta decay of
136
Xe and, thus, would benefit from a depleted target. A high-statistics observation of
pp
neutrinos would allow us to infer the values of the electroweak mixing angle,
sin
2
θ
w
, and the electron-type neutrino survival probability,
P
ee
, in the electron recoil energy region from a few keV up to 200 keV for the first time, with relative precision of 5% and 4%, respectively, with 10 live years of data and a 30 tonne fiducial volume. An observation of
pp
and
7
Be neutrinos would constrain the neutrino-inferred solar luminosity down to 0.2%. A combination of all flux measurements would distinguish between the high- (GS98) and low-metallicity (AGS09) solar models with 2.1–2.5
σ
significance, independent of external measurements from other experiments or a measurement of
8
B neutrinos through coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering in DARWIN. Finally, we demonstrate that with a depleted target DARWIN may be sensitive to the neutrino capture process of
131
Xe.
We report the studies and optimization of scintillation light measurements in an updated version of the XEMIS1 prototype for the development of the XEMIS2 camera. A novel monolithic liquid xenon ...Compton camera, named XEMIS2 (XEnon Medical Imaging System), attempts to achieve low-activity small-animal imaging using the 3-gamma imaging technique. This emerging detector relies on the time projection chamber technique: it will be able to perform a simultaneous detection of the three γ-rays emitted by a specific radionuclide, such as scandium-44, and to produce a good quality image with a remarkable diminution of radiopharmaceutical activity at the same time. Vacuum Ultraviolet (VUV) scintillation light and ionization charge carriers generated from the recoiling particles within the detector are detected and used to reconstruct the interaction position and deposited energy. A cost-effective self-triggering scintillation signal read-out and data acquisition (DAQ) system has been developed to achieve a continuous data read-out with negligible electronics dead time. The DAQ prototype has been installed and qualified in an updated version of the XEMIS1 detector. It reaches the performance specifications in scintillation light measurements. Moreover, scintillation signals can also be used for the virtual segmentation of the monolithic detection volume through the matching algorithm of the scintillation and ionization signals based on the Light Collection Map (LCM). This spatial pre-localization of the physical events, called the virtual fiducialization of the active volume, is used to lower the detector occupancy rate when the administered activity is increased to lessen the examination time. The XEMIS1 experimental LCMs indicate that each PMT owns an individual field of view so as to segment the active volume virtually. The preparation work for the XEMIS2 camera operation has been completed in the updated XEMIS1 detector while the XEMIS2 scintillation light measurement system is under commissioning in Nantes Centre Hospitalier Universitaire.
•The XEMIS2 camera oriented to the whole-body small animal 3-gamma medical imaging is presented.•The XEMIS2 system is a monolithic liquid xenon Compton camera with a 24 cm axial field of view.•A cost-effective 16-channel self-triggering scintillation signal front-end read-out electronics named XSRETOT is reported.•The XEMIS1 experimental light collection maps can be used for the virtual segmentation of the monolithic detection volume.
A liquid xenon TPC for a medical imaging Compton telescope Oger, T.; Chen, W.-T.; Cussonneau, J.-P. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
12/2012, Letnik:
695
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
A new technique for medical imaging, “3γ imaging”, is studied by our group at SUBATECH for few years. A small liquid xenon time projection chamber prototype has been built in order to demonstrate the ...feasibility of this technique. With an ultra-low-noise front-end electronics, the energy deposit and resolution of 511keV γ-ray as a function of drift electric field (E) is measured with high precision. 500μm of z resolution is estimated by measuring the charge carriers drift velocity and time resolution.
XEMIS: A liquid xenon detector for medical imaging Gallego Manzano, L.; Bassetto, S.; Beaupere, N. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
07/2015, Letnik:
787
Journal Article
Recenzirano
A new medical imaging technique based on the precise 3D location of a radioactive source by the simultaneous detection of 3 gamma rays has been proposed by Subatech laboratory. To take advantage of ...this novel technique a detection device based on a liquid xenon Compton telescope and a specific (beta(+), gamma) emitter radionuclide, Sc-44, are required. A first prototype of a liquid xenon time projection chamber called XEMIS1 has been successfully developed showing very promising results for the energy and spatial resolutions for the ionization signal in liquid xenon, thanks to an advanced cryogenics system, which has contributed to a high liquid xenon purity with a very good stability and an ultra-low noise front-end electronics (below 100 electrons) operating at liquid xenon temperature. The very positive results obtained with XEMIS1 have led to the development of a second prototype for small animal imaging. XEMIS2, which is now under development. To study the feasibility of the 3 gamma imaging technique and optimize the characteristics of the device, a complete Monte Carlo simulation has been also carried out. A preliminary study shows very positive results for the sensitivity, energy and spatial resolutions of XEMIS2. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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