Background: All over the world, the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children’s and adolescents’ mental health has been observed. The conducted research aims to verify whether returning to ...school, to education inside the classroom in the company of their peers, improved or undermined the students’ mental health. Methods: The study was carried out on a sample of students inhabiting rural areas in a borderland region. The research sample was collected using purposive sampling and consisted of 552 respondents from the seventh and eighth grades of primary school. An auditorium questionnaire was used to gather the research material. Results: Three months after returning to school, the students were in a poor mental state; 61% of the respondents were satisfied with their lives, while 52% showed symptoms of depression as measured with the WHO-5 index, whereas 85% of the respondents have average and high stress levels as measured with the PSSC scale. Higher levels of mental disorders were observed among female respondents and in those students living in villages and evaluating their financial status as worse. Conclusions: Returning to school failed to have a positive impact on the students’ mental health. Disorders occurring on a large scale will have a negative influence on the students’ performance and hinder their re-adaptation to the school environment. Educational authorities should immediately provide the students with support and monitor the situation over the coming months.
The article presents the youth’s attitudes towards different nations. The research was conducted using the survey method. The auditorium questionnaire was carried out among secondary school students. ...The research sample was selected using quota sampling. The research was conducted in four borderlands in Poland, three borderlands in Ukraine and one borderland in Hungary. The results of the research have shown that in each of the researched countries, well‑developed and rich nations are valued more highly by the youth, whereas the poor, post‑communist nations are less appreciated. The youth was the least sympathetic towards Muslims. The analyses have shown that the main factors determining the attitudes towards neighbours were the historical background and socio‑political relations between the countries. Socio‑economical relations in the borderlands had little influence on the youth’s attitudes.
The article aims to show the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on mental health of American youth. It also aims to identify factors that have an impact on the mental health maintenance of young ...Americans. The conducted analyses are an attempt at explaining the influence of high psycho-social stress on the mental health of young people.
Secondary data from representative research conducted among the inhabitants of the United States of America on the sample of 10,139 respondents has been used in the analysis. The data is derived from the Pew Research Center, American Trends Panel.
The data analysis indicates that among all the age categories the highest levels of mental discomfort have been observed among the youngest Americans aged 18–29. The majority of respondents experienced anxiety and depression. The results of analyses of the youngest respondents (sample n = 1083) have shown that there are a few factors which have impact on mental health of the young generation. Males, people living in relationships, practising religion more often, having a better financial situation, conservative beliefs and being devoid of citizenship had a better mental condition. Owned social, economic and cultural resources protect young Americans against the Covid-19 pandemic.
The conducted research confirms the hypothesis that younger generations struggle hard to cope with the Covid-19 pandemic and related difficulties. Due to the conducted analyses, the variables responsible for the deterioration of mental health in younger generations may be indicated.
The article presents the optimization of high-pressure die casting process technology for equestrian stirrups with the application of computer simulation. In the initial stage, the output technology ...was analyzed, and on the basis of a series of virtual experiments the cause of defects in the casting was highlighted. The optimization process includes different designs of a gating system. Additionally, the casting application properties were evaluated in an exploitation simulation, taking into account predicted defects resulting from the casting and solidification process. Based on the conducted analyses, technological changes were made to the casting technology design allowing the defects occurring in the original technological concept to be removed.
Magnesium alloys, due to their unique properties, low density and high strength properties, are becoming more frequently used in industrial applications. However, a limitation of their use may be the ...need to ensure high abrasive wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Therefore, magnesium alloys are often protected by applying protective coatings. The paper presents the influence of the modification of the electrolyte composition, with or without the addition of borax, on the morphology (observed by SEM method) and phase composition (analyzed by EDS and XRD) of the formed layers on the AZ91 magnesium alloy, and their abrasive wear (determined with Ball-on-Disc method) and corrosion resistance (evaluated using the immersion method and by electrochemical tests), especially in chloride solutions. It has been clearly demonstrated that the modification of the electrolyte composition significantly impacts the final properties of the protective coatings on the AZ91 alloy formed by the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process. On the basis of the results, it was found that the new type of PEO coatings with the borax addition, compared to base PEO coatings, showed significantly higher abrasion resistance and an order of magnitude lower corrosion rate.
This paper presents the results of laser welding of dissimilar joints, where low-carbon and stainless steels were welded inthe lap joint configuration. Performed welding of austenitic and ...ferritic-pearlitic steels included a sealed joint, where only partial penetration of lower material was obtained.The authors presented acomparative study of the joints under different configurations. The welding parameters for the assumed penetration were estimated via anumericalsimulation. Moreover, a stress-strain analysis was performed based on theestablished model. Numerical analysis showed significant differences in joint properties, therefore, further study was conducted. Investigation of the fusion mechanism in the obtained joints wascarried out using electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and metallurgical analysis. The study of the lap joint under different configurations showed considerable dissimilarities in stress-strain distribution and relevant differences in the fusion zone structure. The results showed advantages of using stainless steel as the upper material of a microstructure, and uniform chemical element distribution and stress analysis is considered.
The article presents the results of research aimed to identify the predictors of psychological distress among Poles 7 months after the occurrence of the first case of COVID-19. In order to gather the ...research material, the CAWI on-line survey method was applied and carried out within the framework of the Ariadna Research Panel on the sample of 1,079 Poles aged 15 and over. The results of the conducted research indicate that Polish society experienced psychological distress during the first wave of the pandemic. According to the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), no mental disorders were observed among 36% of Poles, mild mental disorders were observed among 23% of respondents, average levels of disorders were observed among 18% of respondents, whereas high levels of disorders were observed among 23% of respondents. A hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors of psychological distress. In the first stage, socio-demographic variables explained 13% of the distress variance. In the second stage, the variables measuring social nuisances of the pandemic were introduced, which increased the percentage of the explained stress variance to 24%. In the third stage, the introduced psychological variables increased the percentage of the explained variance to 65%. The main factor which increased stress levels was neuroticism. The conducted analyses have shown that the lack of social, economic and psychological capital significantly increases the susceptibility to distress when a threat to life and health lasts for a prolonged period of time.
The Russian military aggression against Ukraine resulted in a humanitarian crisis. There was a mass exodus of war refugees. More than 17 million people have left Ukraine since the war broke out. The ...refugees who came to Poland and other countries have experienced war trauma. The study aims to assess mental health of Ukrainian war refugees in Poland.
At the time of the study, that is, in April and May 2022, between 1,5 million and 2 million Ukrainian refugees were staying in Poland. They were mainly young women with their children. The CAWI (Computer-Assisted Web Interview) technique was used in the study. The research sample was selected using purposive sampling. The invitation to take part in the survey was posted on social media for Ukrainians in Poland, and also sent to the participants of a Polish as a Foreign Language course. The study utilizes the RHS-15 and a nominal scale measuring the strategies for coping with stress.
The research sample consists of 737 respondents. The results of the screening tests indicate that depression, anxiety disorders and PTSD may be observed among 73% of respondents, whereas 66% of the respondents display psychological distress. The analyses have shown that higher levels of mental health disorders were observed among women and refugees who do not speak Polish. Younger respondents experienced a higher psychological distress. The results of the study also indicate that the refugees more often implemented problem-focused strategies. The analysis has shown that the respondents who followed active strategies scored the lowest on RHS-15. The emotion-focused strategies, such as praying, diverting attention by becoming involved in different activities or taking sedatives were not effective. The highest levels of disorders were present among the refugees who indicated resignation.
The collected observations indicate that the main problem which might hinder their adaptation could be mental health issues, which in turn impact the general deterioration of health and the quality of life.
Celem niniejszego artykułu było scharakteryzowanie rosyjskiej młodzieży żyjącej w kraju, który od 24 lutego 2022 r. toczy wojnę z sąsiednią Ukrainą. Ze względu na trudność bezpośredniego dotarcia do ...grupy docelowej zastosowano metodę nieinwazyjną, czyli analizę danych zastanych. Do analiz brano sondaże reprezentatywne prowadzone wśród rosyjskiego społeczeństwa przez główne ośrodki badawcze: Levada-Center, VCIOM, Russian Field. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych analiz można stwierdzić, że w takich sferach jak religia, stosunek do mniejszości seksualnych, stosunek do Zachodu, wykorzystywanie Internetu do zdobywania wiadomości czy zdrowie psychiczne młodzież znacznie się różni od starszej generacji i swoimi postawami wpisuje się w globalne trendy wyznaczane przez iGen. Pozytywna ocena władzy Putina oraz sytuacji w kraju, poparcie udziału Rosji w wojnie na Ukrainie, negatywny stosunek do Ukraińców są niemalże identyczne jak wśród starszej generacji. Rosyjska młodzież przyjmuje strategię konformistyczną wobec systemu i będzie kontynuowała kierunek rozwoju kraju zgodny z wytycznymi władzy.
PDF
