In this work, we study the extended viscous dark energy models in the context of matter perturbations. To do this, we assume an alternative interpretation of the flat ...Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker Universe, through the nonadditive entropy and the viscous dark energy. We implement the relativistic equations to obtain the growth of matter fluctuations for a smooth version of dark energy. As result, we show that the matter density contrast evolves similarly to the
Λ
CDM model in high redshift; however, in late time, it is slightly different from the standard model. Using the latest geometrical and growth rate observational data, we carry out a Bayesian analysis to constrain parameters and compare models. We see that our viscous models are compatible with cosmological probes, and the
Λ
CDM recovered with a
1
σ
confidence level. The viscous dark energy models relieve the tension of
H
0
in
2
∼
3
σ
. Yet, by involving the
σ
8
tension, some models can alleviate it. In the model selection framework, the data discards the extended viscous dark energy models.
ACPYPE (or AnteChamber PYthon Parser interfacE) is a wrapper script around the ANTECHAMBER software that simplifies the generation of small molecule topologies and parameters for a variety of ...molecular dynamics programmes like GROMACS, CHARMM and CNS. It is written in the Python programming language and was developed as a tool for interfacing with other Python based applications such as the CCPN software suite (for NMR data analysis) and ARIA (for structure calculations from NMR data). ACPYPE is open source code, under GNU GPL v3, and is available as a stand-alone application at http://www.ccpn.ac.uk/acpype and as a web portal application at http://webapps.ccpn.ac.uk/acpype.
We verified the topologies generated by ACPYPE in three ways: by comparing with default AMBER topologies for standard amino acids; by generating and verifying topologies for a large set of ligands from the PDB; and by recalculating the structures for 5 protein-ligand complexes from the PDB.
ACPYPE is a tool that simplifies the automatic generation of topology and parameters in different formats for different molecular mechanics programmes, including calculation of partial charges, while being object oriented for integration with other applications.
This article offers a comprehensive overview of the underlying physics relevant to an understanding of materials processing during the various production steps in extrusion-based 3D concrete printing ...(3DCP). Understanding the physics governing the processes is an important step towards the purposeful design and optimization of 3DCP systems as well as their efficient and robust process control. For some processes, analytical formulas based on the relevant physics have already enabled reasonable predictions with respect to material flow behavior and buildability, especially in the case of relatively simple geometries.
The existing research in the field was systematically compiled by the authors in the framework of the activities of the RILEM Technical Committee 276 “Digital fabrication with cement-based materials”. However, further research is needed to develop reliable tools for the quantitative analysis of the entire process chain. To achieve this, experimental efforts for the characterization of material properties need to go hand in hand with comprehensive numerical simulation.
We investigate the Tsallis holographic dark energy (THDE) models in the context of perturbations’ growth. We assume the description of dark energy by considering the holographic principle and the ...nonadditive entropy to carry out this. We implement the perturbed relativistic equations to achieve the growth of matter fluctuations, being the growth rate of the cosmic structures is non-negligible at low redshifts. To constrain and compare the models, we carry out the Bayesian analysis using the recent geometrical and growth rate observational data. The main results are: (i) the models are compatible with cosmological observations, (ii) the cosmological constant recovered with a
1
σ
confidence level, furthermore (iii) they could cross the phantom barrier. Finally, the models can relieve
≈
1
σ
the
σ
8
tension in the non-clustered case and can alleviate in
≈
2.8
σ
the
H
0
tension. From the model selection viewpoint, the data discarded the THDE models.
Extrusion-based 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) is rapidly gaining popularity in the construction industry. Trial projects are now being realized at an increasing rate around the world to test the ...viability of the technology against real-world requirements. This step, from the ‘simple’ deposition of filaments of self-stable concrete to its application in buildings and structures, with all associated requirements and interfaces, comes with challenges. These range from matching the design intent to the manufacturing capabilities (through structural analysis and approval, and reinforcement) to quality consistency (robustness) on large scale, and compatibility with other materials. In many of these areas, much simply remains unknown due to a lack of experimental data or information from projects where 3DCP has been applied. This paper aims at reducing this knowledge gap by presenting a systematic discussion, based on the analyses of eight realized 3DCP projects from around the world. It was found that the structural application of printed concrete is limited, due to a lack of regulatory framework for expedient approval, as well as limited reinforcement options which require to resort to unreinforced masonry analogies. The application of the technology features a host of practical issues that relate to the print process, material, site conditions, building integration and design – or to the 3DCP technology in general. Although some potential risks, such as shrinkage cracking and quality consistency are generally recognized, the measures taken to mitigate them vary considerably, and are largely based on individual expertise. The actual effectiveness is generally unknown. Finally, it was observed that, while the printing itself is fast, the preparation time is generally considerable. This is partially due to a lack of knowledge amongst professionals. In the practical production of a 3DCP project, three expertise areas are crucial: one for the digital part, one for the machine side, and one for the material side. Thus there is a strong need for educational institutions to develop dedicated training courses and incorporate relevant topics into their curricula.
Digital Fabrication with Concrete (DFC) encompasses 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) and many other methods of production. DFC is emerging from an era of invention and demonstration to one where the ...merits of one principle over another needs to be quantified systematically. DFC technologies vary in characteristics, complexity and maturity which hampers the synthesis of research and comparisons of performance. The interdependence of design geometry, material properties and process characteristics is well recognised. Materials research has made significant progress in recent years and there have been many applications with varying design geometries demonstrated. Far less has been done to guide the definition and description of the processes used. This work takes a step forward by presenting classification and process description guidance for DFC. The approach was developed by engaging a broad cross-section of the international community through the activities of the RILEM Technical Committee 276 between 2016 and 2020.
It is analysed Aharonov–Bohm-type effects when a spinless quantum particle is in an elastic medium with the distortion of a vertical line into a vertical spiral. By confining the spinless particle to ...a cylindrical box, the analogue of the Aharonov–Bohm effect for bound states is observed due to the influence of the topological defect on the allowed energies of the system. It corresponds to the shift in the angular momentum quantum number yielded by the effects of the topology of the distortion of a vertical line into a vertical spiral. In addition, it is analysed the effects of rotation. It is shown that the Aharonov–Bohm effect for bound states exists. Besides, there is an analogue of the coupling between the angular momentum and angular velocity of the rotating frame.
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder caused by occlusal trauma is one of the most controversial topics in dentistry. Experimental traumatic occlusion (ETO) induced by metal crowns cemented to ...mandibular first molars in rats causes a long-lasting nociceptive response. This study aimed to elucidate whether ETO generates an increase in inflammatory mediators in the TMJ. In addition, the impact of ETO on trigeminal ganglia, neurotransmitter release, and satellite glial cell (SGC) activation was investigated. ELISA revealed enhanced inflammatory mediators, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, CX3CL1, and ADAM-17 by Western blotting, in periarticular TMJ tissue after 28 d of ETO. In the trigeminal ganglia, ETO groups increased the release of the neurotransmitters substance P and glutamate. Overexpression of the AMPA receptor and upregulation of NMDA were observed in the 0.4- and 0.7-mm ETO groups, respectively, highlighting enhanced neuronal excitation. Increased IL-1β and COX-2 mRNA levels in the 0.7-mm ETO group confirmed trigeminal ganglia SGC activation. Immunofluorescence and electrophoresis of SGC revealed increased pERK expression in the 0.7-mm ETO group. ERK phosphorylation was shown to be nociceptive specific, with its upregulation occurring in cases of chronic inflammatory pain. Increased PKA mRNA levels were observed in the 0.4-mm ETO group, while CREB mRNA levels were upregulated for both ETO groups. Electrophoresis showed overexpression of sodium channel Nav 1.7 in the 0.7-mm ETO group, while immunofluorescence revealed that Nav 1.7 is expressed in sensory trigeminal ganglia cells. The results of this study suggest that occlusal trauma induces neuroimmune crosstalk, with synthesis of proinflammatory/pronociceptive mediators, which increases neuronal activity in trigeminal ganglia via the activation of an inflammatory response cascade to develop a persistent neuroinflammatory state that leads to central sensitization.
Non-relativistic quantum effects of the topology of the spacetime with the distortion of a vertical line into a vertical spiral on the harmonic oscillator are investigated. By searching for ...analytical solutions to the Schrödinger equation in this topological defect background, it is shown that the topology of the spacetime modifies the spectrum of energy of the harmonic oscillator. Besides, it is shown that there exists an Aharonov–Bohm-type effect for bound states.
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