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Biological treatment, due to the formation of hazardous chemicals to remove organic compounds such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC), has limited ...potential. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are regarded as a viable alternative for treating molecules containing carbon-hydrogen bonds that cannot be broken down by traditional physico-chemical methods. In this investigation, various AOPs such as Photo-Fenton, Electro-Fenton, and Photo-Electro-Fenton processes were studied to treat wastewaters containing DMSO and DMAC. The effects of the operating parameters, including various initial concentrations of DMSO and DMAC, initial pH, reaction time, different concentrations of Fenton’s reagent, power of UV lamp, different concentrations of electrolytes, the distance between electrodes and current intensity, were investigated. The findings of the experiments revealed that a pH of 3 and a reaction time of 120 min were optimal. At 2000 mg L−1 of DMSO, maximum degradation and the final concentration of TOC were 98.64 % and 256.8 mg L−1, respectively, by the Electro-Fenton process under the optimal conditions. The Electro-Fenton process was successful in determining the maximum degradation of DMAC (96.31 %) and the final TOC concentration (10.03 mg L−1) at 250 mg L−1 of DMAC under optimal conditions. Finally, it can be concluded that the Electro-Fenton process was the best process for the efficient removal of DMSO and DMAC. The second step of the kinetic model follows a pseudo-first-order reaction for 250 and 500 mg L−1 of pollutants and obeyed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model for concentrations of 1000, 2000 mg L−1.
The present research investigates the heat transfer enhancement by adding alumina nanoparticle to water, Ethylene glycol, and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate EMIMEtSO4 ionic liquid (called ...ionic liquid-based nanofluid or INf in synonym) as a base fluid. A horizontal tube with constant heat flux was modeled in two-dimensional geometry with a diameter and length of 4.0 mm and 6.0 m, respectively. Al2O3 (20 nm in diameter) nanoparticles added to the base fluid in 0.5, 1.0 and 2.5 weight fraction percent. Various factors such as Reynolds number, nanofluids concentration, type of base fluid, and especially fluid inlet temperature studied in this research. Impressive results observed with variation in fluid temperature which for the temperature below room temperature (278.15 K) IL-based nanofluid shows greater heat transfer coefficient than water and Ethylene glycol-based nanofluids because of its higher thermal conductivity and viscosity at a lower temperature. And also, by adding nanoparticles to the base fluids and increasing the concentration of nanofluids, the heat transfer coefficient increased. Both the maximum heat transfer coefficient and heat transfer enhancement observed for IL-based nanofluid at 2.5 wt% concentration of nanoparticle. Finally, a correlation proposed for Nu number that satisfies for all studied nanofluids with R2 = 0.971 and AREP = 7.9%.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of working memory training on the planning and executive functions in children with learning disabilities. The method of the present study ...was quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population of the present study included all LD children of Bushehr, Iran in 2021. The participants were 30 students who were selected by accessible sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Data were collected using the Tower of London (TOL) scale and Gioia et al. Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF). Working memory training using the protocol of Shaykh al-Islami et al. (2017) was presented to children with learning disabilities in the experimental group during 17 sessions. The control group did not receive any intervention during this period. The results showed that the training of working memory significantly increased the planning and components of executive functions (inhibition, working memory, shifting, planning/organizing and emotional control). These results confirmed the practical and theoretical importance of working memory training programs as methods of training planning and executive functions in L.D children.
