The CEOS Recovery Observatory Pilot Hosford, S.; Proy, C.; Giros, A. ...
International archives of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences.,
01/2015, Letnik:
XL-7/W3, Številka:
7
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Over the course of the last decade, large populations living in vulnerable areas have led to record damages and substantial loss of life in mega-disasters ranging from the deadly Indian Ocean tsunami ...of 2004 and Haiti earthquake of 2010; the catastrophic flood damages of Hurricane Katrina in 2005 and the Tohoku tsunami of 2011, and the astonishing extent of the environmental impact of the Deepwater Horizon explosion in 2009. These major catastrophes have widespread and long-lasting impacts with subsequent recovery and reconstruction costing billions of euros and lasting years. While satellite imagery is used on an ad hoc basis after many disasters to support damage assessment, there is currently no standard practice or system to coordinate acquisition of data and facilitate access for early recovery planning and recovery tracking and monitoring. CEOS led the creation of a Recovery Observatory Oversight Team, which brings together major recovery stakeholders such as the UNDP and the World Bank/Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery, value-adding providers and leading space agencies. The principal aims of the Observatory are to: 1. Demonstrate the utility of a wide range of earth observation data to facilitate the recovery and reconstruction phase following a major catastrophic event; 2. Provide a concrete case to focus efforts in identifying and resolving technical and organizational obstacles to facilitating the visibility and access to a relevant set of EO data; and 3. Develop dialogue and establish institutional relationships with the Recovery phase user community to best target data and information requirements; The paper presented here will describe the work conducted in preparing for the triggering of a Recovery Observatory including support to rapid assessments and Post Disaster Needs Assessments by the EO community.
WCDRR and the CEOS activities on disaters Petiteville, I.; Ishida, C.; Danzeglocke, J. ...
International archives of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences.,
04/2015, Letnik:
XL-7/W3, Številka:
7
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Agencies from CEOS (Committee on Earth Observation Satellites) have traditionally focused their efforts on the response phase. Rapid urbanization and increased severity of weather events has led to ...growing economic and human losses from disasters, requiring international organisations to act now in all disaster risk management (DRM) phases, especially through improved disaster risk reduction policies and programmes. As part of this effort, CEOS agencies have initiated a series of actions aimed at fostering the use of Earth observation (EO) data to support disaster risk reduction and at raising the awareness of policy and decision-makers and major stakeholders of the benefits of using satellite EO in all phases of DRM. CEOS is developing a long-term vision for sustainable application of satellite EO to all phases of DRM. CEOS is collaborating with regional representatives of the DRM user community, on a multi-hazard project involving three thematic pilots (floods, seismic hazards and volcanoes) and a Recovery Observatory that supports resilient recovery from one major disaster. These pilot activities are meant as trail blazers that demonstrate the potential offered by satellite EO for comprehensive DRM. In the framework of the 2015 3rd World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction (WCDRR), the CEOS space agencies intend to partner with major stakeholders, including UN organizations, the Group on Earth Observations (GEO), international relief agencies, leading development banks, and leading regional DRM organisations, to define and implement a 15-year plan of actions (2015- 2030) that responds to high-level Post-2015 Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction priorities. This plan of action will take into account lessons learned from the CEOS pilot activities.
The 4 year-long Recovery Observatory project was triggered by the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) to define a sustainable vision for increased use of satellite EO in support of ...recovery after 2016 Hurricane Matthew struck southwestern Haiti. ESA's Geohazards Exploitation Platform (GEP) was exploited to develop a SAR-based workflow to access, process and generate value-added products with Sentinel-1, TerraSAR-X and COSMO-SkyMed imagery that Haitian end-users can use to support their decision-making processes and recovery progress monitoring. Sentinel-1 IW data were processed with SNAP and SNAC tools to generate change detection products (e.g. coherence and amplitude change maps to detect flooded areas). InSAR ground deformation products generated with PS-InSAR FASTVEL and P-SBAS tools allowed the identification of unstable areas in the town of Jérémie and along its western coastline, which highlight potential concern for urban development and reconstruction. Ground truth and evidence of land instability were collected in the field in mid-2019 to validate satellite observations.
Within this paper activities of the International Charter 'Space and Major Disasters', an international consortium of space agencies and satellite operators are described, and related contributions ...in terms of rapidly delivered satellite imagery and supporting services are presented. In particular, the role of the German Aerospace Center (DLR) is outlined, which became a member of the International Charter 'Space and Major Disasters' in October 2010.
Natural timberlines are remarkable indicators of climate conditions. Maps of natural timberline elevation in the European Alps, however, are rare and not concordant. In this paper, a large-scale ...approach for the approximation of natural timberline with remote sensing methods is presented. The potential of two vegetation indices, which were calculated from MODIS surface reflectance data, to give indications on natural timberline position was analyzed. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) proved more suitable for our purpose than the soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI), as in our data the latter is clearly influenced by aspect. Thus, our approach to describe the large-scale spatial variability of timberline elevation uses an NDVI threshold and filtering techniques. Although numerous sources of error and uncertainty have to be considered, encouraging results have been obtained.
PDF
