Catalytically enhanced singlet oxygen production.
Enhanced production of singlet oxygen, O2(a1Δg), was observed by reaction of O2/He discharge effluents on an iodine oxide film surface in a microwave ...discharge-flow reactor at 320K. We observed a two-fold increase in the O2(a) yields over discharge-generated amounts for non-catalytic conditions. The iodine oxide surface appears to catalyze the heterogeneous reaction to form O2(a) with high collision efficiency. The observed catalytic effect could significantly benefit the development of electrically driven oxygen–iodine laser systems, and may also have implications for the chemistry of atmospheric iodine oxide aerosol.
: Objective: This study was done to evaluate the accuracy and safety of measuring glucose with the GlucoWatch® biographer in children and adolescents with diabetes.
Methods: Accuracy was assessed ...by comparing biographer glucose measurements with hourly blood glucose measurements using the HemoCue (Aktiebolaget Leo, Helsingborg, Sweden) Photometer for up to 12 h of monitoring. Safety was evaluated by examining the biographer application sites immediately upon removal of the devices, and then at regular intervals.
Results: Sixty‐six subjects each wore three biographers at sites including the forearm, upper arm, leg, and torso. For forearm biographers, the mean absolute relative difference between biographer readings and blood glucose was 21%. Ninety‐five per cent of biographer readings fell into the A or B regions of the Clarke error grid, and 97.3% into the A or B regions of the consensus error grid. Data from biographers worn at the alternative sites were similar to data from the forearm biographers. Two strong reactions to the adhesive pad of the biographer AutoSensor were observed. Most skin reactions were mild.
Conclusions: The GlucoWatch biographer is well tolerated by children and adolescents with diabetes. Performance is similar when the device is worn at different anatomical sites, and is similar to the performance on the forearm, previously reported in adults.
Graphene-like carbon-Ni--MnO
2
and -Cu--MnO
2
blends can serve as effective catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction with activities comparable to Pt/C.
Graphene-like carbon-Ni--MnO
2
and -Cu--MnO
...2
blends can serve as effective catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction with activities comparable to Pt/C.
Graphene-like carbon-Ni- alpha -MnO sub(2) and -Cu- alpha -MnO sub(2) blends can serve as effective catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction with activities comparable to Pt/C.
Abstract 2554
Millions of patients across the USA received warfarin to prevent and treat thromboembolism each year. Despite its effectiveness warfarin is associated with a risk of bleeding. The Joint ...Commission has brought attention to the safety of warfarin and challenged hospitals to “reduce the likelihood of harm associated with the use of anticoagulation therapy” as one of two new national patient safety goals for 2008. At CAMC (Charleston Area Medical Center, Charleston, WV) an anticoagulation safety task force was formed to address this challenge.
This study was initiated to document and reduce harm from warfarin at CAMC.
This is an ongoing retrospective review of inpatients that received warfarin and had an INR of ≥4.0. Variables collected included, INR values, warfarin administration (dose and frequency), comorbidities, other current medications, other laboratory values, harm level (as defined by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement), presence of major or minor bleeding, use of blood transfusions, fresh frozen plasma, or vitamin K (and dose).
During baseline period there was a 3 month average of 15.86 episodes of harm/1000 warfarin doses while post implementation 9.69 episodes of harm were noted. At baseline, of those with harm 83.7% were temporary harm in which patients required an intervention (FFP or vitamin K) and 30.2% of the critical INR's occurred when warfarin was ordered daily instead of after the result was obtained and reviewed by the physician. From baseline April-July 08 compared to Aug 08-Feb 09 the frequency of vitamin K administration for INR < 5 and no bleeding has decreased by 33% (p=0.144). Overall there were 4.15% critical INR's before compared to 0.88% after implementing improvements representing a 79% improvement.
Baseline data suggested a need for improvement in the safety of warfarin. Implementation of education, order sets (warfarin administration, warfarin reversal, physician pocket cards, and inpatient to outpatient handoff order sets, and warfarin workflow) and drug/drug interaction alerts to reduce adverse events. This study showed a decrease in the episodes of harm and the percent of critical INR's. It is estimated that the annual cost savings (RN time to treat critical INR's, excluding nursing time to administer vitamin K, and length of stay from complications of treatment) was $50,445.
No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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