Les buts de cette étude sont de fournir a) une description détaillée de l’enregistrement continu du régime de la mise en charge de la prothèse des amputés transfémoraux équipés d’une fixation ...ostéo-intégrée durant les activités de la vie quotidienne et b) un cadre conceptuel d’analyse basé sur les caractéristiques intrinsèques des efforts mesurés. Les forces et les moments appliqués sur la fixation sont mesurés et enregistrés directement pendant cinq heures de la vie quotidienne par un capteur d’efforts connecté à un enregistreur de données. Cette étude montre que l’enregistrement peut être divisé en quatre activités comprenant la locomotion directionnelle, la déambulation réduite, les efforts stationnaires et l’inactivité représentant respectivement 51 %, 25 %, 14 % et 10 % du total de l’impulsion. De plus, cette étude démontre que, dans le cas présenté, seulement 50 % des efforts durant les périodes d’activités auraient pu être estimés par les techniques conventionnelles. Cette technique a le potentiel d’être largement utilisée par les cliniciens et les ingénieurs dans le cadre d’une pratique fondée sur des preuves.
The aims of this study were to provide (A) an extensive description of the continuous recording of the loading regime on the prosthetic leg of transfemoral amputees fitted with an osseointegrated fixation during daily activities and (B) a conceptual framework of analysis based on intrinsic characteristics of the load measured. The load regime applied on the fixation was directly measured and recorded during five hours of daily living using a commercial transducer connected to a data logger. This study showed that the recording can be split into four activities including directional locomotion, confined ambulation, stationary loading and inactivity representing 51 %, 25 %, 14 % and 10 % of total impulse, respectively. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that in the case presented only 50 % of the load regime during periods of activities could have been estimated using conventional techniques. This technique has the potential to be largely used by clinicians and engineers in the framework of an evidence-based practice.
A large-scale multicenter investigation was undertaken in 3 cities with comparable pollen seasons and atmospheric pollen concentrations in order to obtain more definite information about the safety ...and efficacy of cromolyn sodium in the treatment of pollen-induced seasonal rhinitis. The 9-wk double-blind study was conducted in 104 patients in Pittsburgh, Pa., Cleveland, Ohio, and Louisville, Ky., during the 1975 ragweed season. It indicated that a nebulized 4% aqueous solution of cromolyn sodium is effective in reducing sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, and ocular irritation in ragweed hay fever patients. The efficacy of the drug was notable despite the fact that patients used an average of 52 mg instead of the recommended 62.4 mg daily. Cromolyn sodium did not appear to have a significant effect on transseasonal antiragweed IgE (IgEAR) levels. Patients acceptance of the cromolyn nasal solution was good, and there were no significant adverse reactions. The side effects, which were distributed equally between the drug and placebo groups, were mild and of limited duration.
In recent years, the European Union (EU) has set ambitious targets toward a carbon-free energy transition. Many studies show that a drastic reduction in greenhouse gas emissions-at least 90% by ...2050-is required. In the transition toward a sustainable energy system, solar (or green) hydrogen plays many important roles, as it is a clean and safe energy carrier that can also be used as a fuel in transportation and in electricity production. To understand and steer the transition from the current energy system toward an integrated hydrogenbased energy and transport system, we propose a framework that integrates a technical and economic feasibility study, a controllability study, and institutional analysis. This framework is applied to the Car as Power Plant (CaPP) concept, which is an integrated energy and transport system. Such a system consists of a power system based on wind and solar power, conversion of renewable energy surpluses to hydrogen using electrolysis, hydrogen storage and distribution, and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles that provide mobility, electricity, heat, and water. Controlling these vehicles in their different roles and designing an appropriate organizational system structure are necessary steps in the feasibility study. Our proposed framework for a future 100% renewable energy system is presented through a case study.
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