A system to monitor the radiation levels is required in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and its injection lines in order to quantify the radiation effects on electronics. Thus, the RadMons were ...installed in critical areas where equipment is or will be placed. The first years of operation, successive test campaigns and new requirements, raised the need for a new design of the monitor. The architecture of the new RadMon, the radiation reliability and the design strategy adopted for the sensors, used for monitoring the mixed radiation field of the LHC accelerator, are described highlighting the achieved improvements in terms of radiation robustness and measurement accuracy of a device which is of interest for many other research institutes.
Laterally diffused metal-oxide-semiconductors transistors PD-silicon on insulator 150-nm mixed technology from Microchip are irradiated with 60 Co gamma rays. Those irradiations have revealed a high ...sensitivity of the LDnMOS and LDpMOS pointing out that the main sensitive parameter is the ON-resistance. In this paper, degradation mechanisms at play are investigated through TCAD simulation, and an explanation of the physical mechanisms for the observed degradation is proposed.
In the context of achieving an efficient radiation monitoring system, while also aiming to increase the flexibility of the measurement system, the integrated digital and analog circuitries of the ...floating gate dosimeter (FGDOS) have been upgraded. The capability to control autonomously the recharge process and the easy access to the data allows exploiting the FGDOS in both the autonomous and passive mode. The former provides the cumulated dose measurement by a sensor coupled to a digital interface. The latter implies the reading of the dose only after the irradiation time, performing the dose detection by positioning the sensor without any supply. In this paper, the functionality and characterization of the new features of the FGDOS are demonstrated. The resolution, the dose range, and the error introduced on the measurements are discussed in detail by analyzing the results of irradiation experiments. The use of a filtering technique in different radiation environments is discussed, as well as the capability to retain the information after multiple readings and the power consumption for each configuration.
The objectives, instrumentation, methods and data leading up to launch of the NASA Living With a Star (LWS) Space Environment Testbed (SET) payload onboard the Air Force Research Laboratory ...Demonstration and Science Experiments (DSX) spacecraft are described. The experiments characterize the space radiation environment and how it affects hardware performance. The payload consists of a compact space weather instrument and a carrier containing four board experiments.
In this paper, the suitability of floating gate dosimeter as total ionizing dose (TID) detector in mixed fields, representative of large hadron collider (LHC) radiation environment, has been ...investigated. Several experiments were performed in order to characterize the dosimeter. Exposures to γ-ray were carried out to study the sensitivity and linearity of the radiation response. Experiments in mixed radiation field were performed at CERN High energy AcceleRator Mixed field facility (CHARM) at CERN together with RadFETs to compare the performances. In particular, the minimum dose to be cumulated in order to obtain the facility calibration factor has been evaluated and discussed. The effect of the temperature on the output signal has been characterized and a compensation method has been developed and implemented. The fading of the output after irradiation was measured in order to evaluate the retention of the analog information.
A CubeSat payload (PL) was designed at CERN and at the University Space Center of Montpellier, for the measurement of radiation and its effects on electronics and single event latchup recording on ...SRAM devices. The PL and the data handling modules were tested at the CERN mixed-field facility, in a Low Earth Orbit representative environment.
In this work a prototype of a floating gate sensor FGDOS has been characterized with a 60 Co source and with protons. The dependency of the sensor sensitivity on the dose rate and accumulated Total ...Ionizing Dose (TID) are investigated. The proton test permits to measure the sensitivity of the sensor at different incoming particles energies. An analytical model of the sensor is presented in the paper and the theoretical sensitivity for the prototype of FGDOS is evaluated. Finally, the model allows to accurately measuring the charge yield for different particle types and different energies.
In this work a commercial off the shelf Analog to Digital Converter (ADC), based on a Successive Approximation Register (SAR) structure, has been tested to verify Total Ionizing Dose (TID) effects ...and evaluate Single Event Upset (SEU) and Single Event Latch-up (SEL) cross sections. A well-known test is used to verify the SEU cross section with a constant input voltage; a new test method is proposed to measure the dynamic ADC performance, such as the Effective Number Of Bit (ENOB), continuously during the irradiation. The tests have been carried out at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) beam facility at 230 MeV, at CERN in a dedicated experimental area that recreates the same radiation environment of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) tunnel, and at a heavy ion facility, especially for defining the SEL risk.
SRAM memories are widely used as particle fluence detectors in high radiation environments, such as in the Radiation Monitoring System (RadMon) currently in operation in the CERN accelerator complex. ...Multiple Cell Upsets (MCUs), arising from micro-latchup events, are characterized by a large number of SEUs, ultimately affecting the measurement of particle fluxes and resulting in corrupted data and accuracy losses. A study of the generation of this type of SEU bursts was performed on an 8 Mbit 90-nm SRAM memory. Experimental tests were carried out with a focused beam of protons on target as well as in a mixed field environment dominated by high energy hadrons. A solution approach using an on-line detection and correction algorithm embedded on an FPGA was investigated and evaluated for use on a RadMon device.
A single event latchup (SEL) experiment based on commercial static random access memory (SRAM) memories has recently been proposed in the framework of the European Organization for Nuclear Research ...(CERN) Latchup Experiment and Student Satellite nanosatellite low Earth orbit (LEO) space mission. SEL characterization of three commercial SRAM memories has been carried out at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI) facility, using monoenergetic focused proton beams and different acquisition setups. The best target candidate was selected and a circuit for SEL detection has been proposed and tested at CERN, in the CERN High Energy AcceleRator Mixed-field facility (CHARM). Experimental results were carried out at test locations representative of the LEO environment, thus providing a full characterization of the SRAM cross sections, together with the analysis of the single-event effect and total ionizing dose of the latchup detection circuit in relation to the particle spectra expected during mission. The setups used for SEL monitoring are described, and details of the proposed circuit components and topology are presented. Experimental results obtained both at PSI and at CHARM facilities are discussed.
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