Background
Obesity is a severe health problem. Gallstones may symptomatize after sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Concomitant laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) with SG is controversial. The effects of SG and ...LC versus delayed LC following SG in obese patients with asymptomatic gallbladder stones were evaluated.
Methods
A randomized trial of 222 morbidly obese patients with gallbladder stones divided them into two equal groups: SG + LC and SG-only. This multicenter study conducted from January 2016 to January 2019.
Results
Except for operative time and postoperative hospital stay, there was no statistically significant difference between LSG + LC group and SG group (
P
< 0.001). In SG + LC group, LC added 40.7 min to SG, three patients (3%) required conversion, early postoperative complications occurred in 9 cases (9/111, 9%), three cases required re-intervention (3%). In SG group, the complicated cases required LC were 61 cases (61/111, 55%). Acute cholecystitis (26/61, 42.7%) was the most common gallstone symptoms. Most complicated cases occurred in the first-year follow-up (52/61, 85%). In the delayed LC group (61 patients), operative time was 50.13 ± 1.99 min
,
open conversion occurred in 2 cases (2/61, 3.2%), early postoperative complications occurred in four patients (4/61, 6.4%) and postoperative re-intervention were due to bile leaks and cystic artery bleeding (2/61, 3.2%).
Conclusions
SG with LC prolongs the operative time and hospital stay, but the perioperative complications are the same as delayed LC; LC with SG minimizes the need for a second surgery. Concomitant LC with SG is safe.
Etnogeneza Histra El Baghdadi, Ali
Rostra,
05/2012, Letnik:
5., Številka:
5.
Paper
Odprti dostop
Rad se vodi pitanjima koji su to geološki, klimatski, geopolitički i društveno-ekonomski uvjeti doveli do promjene mentaliteta, razvoja kulture i vjerovanja, posebnog sklopa odnosa unutar društva ...koje se identificiralo jednim imenom i sebi svojstvenom kulturom. Autor se osvrnuo na vrijeme formiranja Histra (kasno brončano doba i prijelaz u željezno doba), tj. kasne prapovijesti, uz predočenje poznatih geopolitičkih procesa koji su se odvijali na prostoru sj. Jadrana (kao Kultura polja sa žarama). Etnogeneza Histra je sveobuhvatan proces koji uključuje razvoj cjelokupnog bića jednog naroda. Izdvojivši one najeksponiranije dijelove toga bića, poput kulture i umjetnosti te društvenog uređenja, možemo dobiti relativnu sliku razvoja tog naroda, od njegova početka do krvavog gubitka samostalnosti te postupnog gubitka identiteta koji se tijekom sedmostoljetne vladavine Rima zagubio pod pritiskom romanizacije.
Hydroxyphenylalkanes and diarylheptanoids possess potential therapeutic value in different pathophysiological conditions, such as malignancy. In the current study, naturally isolated ...hydroxyphenylalkane and diarylheptanoid compounds were investigated for potential chemo-modulatory effects in addition to potential vascular protective roles with doxorubicin. Diarylheptanoids showed stronger antioxidant effects, in comparison to hydroxyphenylalkanes, as demonstrated by DPPH assay and amelioration of CCl₄-induced disturbed intracellular GSH/GSSG balance. Shogaol and 4'-methoxygingerol showed considerable cytotoxic effects against HCT116, HeLa, HepG2 and MCF7 cells, with IC50 values ranging from 3.1 to 19.4 µM. Gingerol significantly enhanced the cytotoxic profile of doxorubicin against HepG₂ and Huh7, cells decreasing its IC50s by 10- and 4-fold, respectively. Cell cycle distribution was studied using DNA cytometry. Doxorubicin alone induced cell accumulation at S-phase and G₂/M-phase, while in combination with gingerol it significantly induced cell cycle arrest at the G₂/M-phase. Additionally, the vascular protective effect of gingerol against doxorubicin (10 µM) was examined on isolated aortic rings. Co-incubation with 6-gingerol (30 µM) completely blocked the exaggerated vasoconstriction and impaired vascular relaxation induced by doxorubicin. In conclusion, despite its relatively weak antioxidant properties, gingerol protected from DOX-induced vascular damage, apparently not through a ROS scavenging mechanism. Besides, gingerol synergized the cytotoxic effects of DOX against liver cancer cells without influencing the cellular pharmacokinetics.
The ability of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Sentinel-1 data to detect the main wheat phenological phases was investigated in the Bekaa plain of Lebanon. Accordingly, the temporal variation of ...Sentinel-1 (S1) signal was analyzed as a function of the phenological phases’ dates observed in situ (germination; heading and soft dough), and harvesting. Results showed that S1 data, unlike the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data, were able to estimate the dates of theses phenological phases due to significant variations in S1 temporal series at the dates of germination, heading, soft dough, and harvesting. Particularly, the ratio VV/VH at low incidence angle (32–34°) was able to detect the germination and harvesting dates. VV polarization at low incidence angle (32–34°) was able to detect the heading phase, while VH polarization at high incidence angle (43–45°) was better than that at low incidence angle (32–34°), in detecting the soft dough phase. An automated approach for main wheat phenological phases’ determination was then developed on the western part of the Bekaa plain. This approach modelled the S1 SAR temporal series by smoothing and fitting the temporal series with Gaussian functions (up to three Gaussians) allowing thus to automatically detect the main wheat phenological phases from the sum of these Gaussians. To test its robustness, the automated method was applied on the northern part of the Bekaa plain, in which winter wheat is harvested usually earlier because of the different weather conditions. The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of the estimation of the phenological phases’ dates was 2.9 days for germination, 5.5 days for heading, 5.1 days soft dough, 3.0 days for West Bekaa’s harvesting, and 4.5 days for North Bekaa’s harvesting. In addition, a slight underestimation was observed for germination and heading of West Bekaa (−0.2 and −1.1 days, respectively) while an overestimation was observed for soft dough of West Bekaa and harvesting for both West and North Bekaa (3.1, 0.6, and 3.6 days, respectively). These results are encouraging, and thus prove that S1 data are powerful as a tool for crop monitoring, to serve enhanced crop management and production handling.
Napthoquinones and coumarins are naturally occurring compounds with potential anticancer activity. In the current study, two
-naphthoquinons (mansonone-G and mansonone-N) and six coumarins ...(mansorin-A, mansorin-B, mansorin-C, mansorins-I, mansorin-II, and mansorin-III) were isolated from the heartwood of
family Sterculariaceae. Isolated compounds were examined for their potential anticancer activity against breast (MCF-7), cervix (HeLa), colorectal (HCT-116) and liver (HepG2) cancer cells using Sulfarhodamine-B (SRB) assay. Mansorin-II and mansorin-III showed relatively promising cytotoxic profile in all cell lines under investigation with inhibitory concentrations (IC
s) in the range of 0.74 µM to 36 µM and 3.95 µM to 35.3 µM, respectively. In addition, mansorin-B, mansorin-C, mansorin-II and mansorin-III significantly increased cellular entrapment of the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate, doxorubicin, in colorectal cancer cells expressing the P-gp pump. The inhibitory effect of the isolated compounds on P-gp pump was examined using human recombinant P-gp molecules attached to ATPase subunit. Mansorin-B and mansonone-G were found to inhibit the P-gp attached ATPase subunit. On the other hand, mansorin-C, mansorin-III and mansorin-II inhibited P-gp pump via dual action (P-gp related ATPase subunit inhibition and P-gp substrate binding site occupation). However, mansorin II was examined for its potential chemomodulatory effect to paclitaxel (PTX) against colorectal cancer cells (HCT-116 and CaCo-2). Mansorin-II significantly reduced the IC
of PTX in HCT-116 cells from 27.9 ± 10.2 nM to 5.1 ± 1.9 nM (synergism with combination index of 0.44). Additionally, Mansorin-II significantly reduced the IC
of PTX in CaCo-2 cells from 2.1 ± 0.8 µM to 0.13 ± 0.03 µM (synergism with combination index of 0.18). Furthermore, cell cycle analysis was studied after combination of mansorin-II with paclitaxel using DNA flow cytometry analysis. Synergism of mansorin-II and PTX was reflected in increasing apoptotic cell population in both HCT-116 and CaCo-2 cells compared to PTX treatment alone. Combination of mansorin-II with PTX in CaCo-2 cells significantly increased the cell population in G₂/M phase (from 2.9 ± 0.3% to 7.7 ± 0.8%) with reciprocal decrease in G₀/G1 cell fraction from 52.1 ± 1.1% to 45.5 ± 1.0%. Similarly in HCT-116 cells, mansorin-II with PTX significantly increased the cell population in G₂/M phase (from 33.4 ± 2.8% to 37.6 ± 1.3%) with reciprocal decrease in the S-phase cell population from 22.8 ± 1.7% to 20.2 ± 0.8%. In conclusion, mansorin-II synergizes the anticancer effect of paclitaxel in colorectal cancer cells, which might be partially attributed to enhancing its cellular entrapment via inhibiting P-gp efflux pump.
Using different amount of potato peels, ZnO photocatalysts (ZO-PC) have been prepared by facile combustion process followed by the calcination at 500 °C for 10 min, and their obtained nanomaterials ...have been investigated through various techniques like powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) combined with EDX, transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV–Vis spectroscopy in DRS mode. Moreover, the spectrophotometry technique has been employed to investigate the degradation of methylene blue (MB) under UV irradiation light (
λ
< 400 nm) by fabricated ZO-PCs. Among them, the lowest peel-containing sample was exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity as compared to others also optical bandgap energy (
E
g
) was increased with increasing of peels from 3.39 to 3.49 eV.
Introduction:
FLLL-32, a synthetic analog of curcumin, is a potent inhibitor of STAT3’s constitutive activation in a variety of cancer cells, and its anticancer properties have been demonstrated both
...in vitro
and
in vivo
. It is also suggested that it might have other pharmacological activities including activity against different parasites.
Aim:
This study therefore investigated the
in vitro
antiparasitic activity of FLLL-32 against four pathogenic
Babesia
species,
B. bovis
,
B. bigemina
,
B. divergens
, and
B. caballi
, and one
Theileria
species,
Theileria equi
.
In vivo
anti-Babesia microti activity of FLLL-32 was also evaluated in mice.
Methods:
The FLLL-32, in the growth inhibition assay with a concentration range (0.005–50 μM), was tested for it’s activity against these pathogens. The reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) assay was used to evaluate the possible effects of FLLL-32 treatment on the mRNA transcription of the target
B. bovis
genes including
S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase
and
histone deacetylase
.
Results:
The
in vitro
growth of
B. bovis
,
B. bigemina
,
B. divergens
,
B. caballi
, and
T. equi
was significantly inhibited in a dose-dependent manner (in all cases,
p
< 0.05). FLLL-32 exhibits the highest inhibitory effects on
B. bovis
growth
in vitro
, and it’s IC
50
value against this species was 9.57 μM. The RT-PCR results showed that FLLL-32 inhibited the transcription of the
B. bovis S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase
gene.
In vivo
, the FLLL-32 showed significant inhibition (
p
< 0.05) of
B. microti
parasitemia in infected mice with results comparable to that of diminazene aceturate. Parasitemia level in
B. microti
-infected mice treated with FLLL-32 from day 12 post infection (pi) was reduced to reach zero level at day 16 pi when compared to the infected non-treated mice.
Conclusion:
The present study demonstrated the antibabesial properties of FLLL-32 and suggested it’s usage in the treatment of babesiosis especially when utilized in combination therapy with other antibabesial drugs.
Several terpenoids were isolated from Ganoderma colossum with potential chemotherapeutic properties against different solid tumor cells. Herein, we further assessed the potential chemomodulatory ...effects of colossolactone-G to gemcitabine (GCB) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) against colorectal cancer cells. Colossolactone-G induced moderate cell killing effects against both HT-29 and HCT-116 cells, with IC50’s of 90.5 ± 1.7 µM and 22.3 ± 3.9 µM, respectively. Equitoxic combination demonstrated a synergistic effect between colossolactone-G and GCB, or 5-FU with combination indices ranging from 0.22 to 0.67. Both GCB and 5-FU induced moderate cell cycle arrest at G0/G1-phase and S-phase. Despite colossolactone-G’s lack of influence on cell cycle distribution, it significantly potentiated GCB- and 5-FU-induced cell cycle arrest. Similarly, colossolactone-G treatment alone did not induce pronounced apoptosis in both cell lines. However, 5-FU and GCB induced significant apoptosis which was further potentiated via combination with colossolactone-G. Furthermore, colossolactone-G significantly increased autophagic cell death response in both HCT-116 and HT-29 cells and potentiated 5-FU- and GCB-induced autophagic cell death. The influence of colossolactone-G alone or in combination with GCB or 5-FU on the apoptosis and autophagy were confirmed by qPCR analysis for the expression of several key apoptosis and autophagy genes such as, TRAIL, TP53INP1, BNIP3, hp62, ATG5, ATG7, Lamp2A and the golden standard for autophagy (LC3-II). In conclusion, a synergistic effect in terms of anticancer properties was observed when colossolactone-G was combined with 5-FU and GCB, where it influenced both apoptosis and autophagic cell death mechanisms.
Display omitted
•Seven different potential anticancer lanostane-type terpenoids were isolated from Ganoderma colossum.•Using D-optimal factorial analysis, colossolactone-G exhibited the most desirable anticancer properties.•Using CI-index analysis, colossolactone-G synergized the anti-cancer effects of GCB and 5-FU.•Colossolactone-G enhanced GCB/5-FU-induced cell cycle interference, apoptosis and autophagy induction.
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