In this paper, we analyse the relationship between climate, tourism and water in Benidorm (Spain), an international icon of Fordist tourism (mass tourism). In particular, we have studied the causes ...and effects of the water supply droughts Benidorm has suffered since becoming a major holiday destination. For this purpose, we consulted the local press in Benidorm over the period 1969–2003. Using qualitative and quantitative geographical techniques, we found that the water supply in the area has managed to keep up with rapidly increasing demand, with only occasional imbalances and periods of crisis. We focused in particular on the causes and effects of the water supply crisis of 1978, a moment of great uncertainty in the history of Benidorm as a holiday resort. We also examined the influence of atmospheric conditions on precipitation levels and how these precipitation levels affect the water supply. Our results highlight the importance of intense rainfall episodes associated with easterly winds, which provided large inputs for Benidorm’s water supply system (Marina Baja Water Consortium). We also found that the water supply crisis of 1978 resulted in serious economic losses for Benidorm and damaged its image as a holiday destination and that the city is now less vulnerable to variations in the climate, as a result of its search for new water resources (both surface and ground water resources and from other nonconventional sources).
Abstract A drone was used to obtain thermal profiles to estimate atmospheric turbulence for the purposes of astronomical observation. The first 150 metres above ground level were studied in two areas ...in the south‐east of the Iberian Peninsula. The preliminary results are promising regarding the use of drones as a suitable means of transport for obtaining microthermal measurements. We have also assessed the influence of the planetary boundary layer on the quality of the image for astronomical purposes. In future research, we intend to check these measurements with fixed microthermal sensors installed in meteorological towers.
Fungi are some of the most diverse organisms on earth and since prehistoric times have played an important role in human society. In recent years they have become a strategic asset not only in the ...conservation and management of ecosystems but also as a resource for halting the exodus from rural areas in peripheral Mediterranean regions, such as inland eastern Spain. In view of this important ecological and socioeconomic role, in this paper we present a geographical analysis of edible fungi, paying particular attention to the Spanish case. To this end we carried out a bibliographic review of the climatic factors affecting the fruiting of these fungi and the socioeconomic aspects of their commercial exploitation. We also performed an online search for mycotourism-related activities and explored the statistical data on the cultivation of edible mushrooms and its economic impact. Our main findings include a synthesis of the international research on the effects of climatic variability on the natural production of macrofungi, and an assessment of the economic viability and the social importance of mushrooms in Spain, in particular in relation to the current and future potential of mushroom cultivation and the multifunctional management and use of forests.
In this paper, we have reconstructed and analysed snowfall events on the coast of the natural region of south-eastern Iberia (Spain) over the period 1900 to 2017. Due to the lack of continuous ...reliable meteorological information, we supplemented our analysis of official sources by consulting the daily newspapers for the days when snow was most likely. We selected 3 cities which are spatially representative for the study area as a whole and for which there is press coverage throughout this period. In north-south order, these cities were Alicante, Cartagena and Almería. Our analysis of official meteorological information and of press reports enabled us to broaden and improve 3 series of snowfall events in the study area. We then used these series to characterize the temporal and spatial distribution of the snowfalls and the synoptic pattern associated with them.
El creciente interés que está generando el patrimonio geológico pone de relieve la necesidad de evaluar su producción científica. Por ello, en el presente trabajo se ha realizado una revisión ...bibliográfica sobre dicha temática. Concretamente, la metodología empleada se ha sustentado en la búsqueda exhaustiva por palabras clave. Para los artículos españoles se han empleado las bases de datos bibliográficas del Centro de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales del CSIC y Dialnet y para los publicados en revistas internacionales se han utilizado las bases de datos bibliográficas de Scopus, la Web of Science y Google Scholar. En el apartado de resultados se ofrece un análisis diacrónico de la producción científica, su origen académico, científico y espacial, los temas específicos abordados y las revistas que participan en la publicación y difusión de los conocimientos y avances sobre patrimonio. Los resultados se ofrecen de forma sintética, no sólo a partir de gráficos y tablas, sino también mediante el empleo de cartografía. Como conclusión destacable, conviene subrayar la consolidación de la investigación sobre el patrimonio geológico.
This research explores, by means of a questionnaire-based survey, public knowledge and perception as well as the behaviour of young Spanish tourists before, during and after the summer holiday period ...affected by an episode of extreme heat in 2003. The survey was administered between November and December 2004. The extraordinary heat wave of the summer of 2003 can be seen as an example of a normal episode in terms of the predicted intensity and duration of European summers towards the end of the twenty-first century. It can therefore be used as the laboratory setting for this study. In this context, the use of the climate analogue approach allows us to obtain novel perspectives regarding the future impact that this type of event could have on tourist demand, based on a real experience. Likewise, such an approach allows the strategies of adaptation implemented by the different elements in the tourist system in order to cope with the atmospheric episode to be evaluated. Such strategies could prove useful in reducing vulnerability when faced with similar episodes in the future. The main results indicate that Spanish tourists (young segment market) are flexible in adapting to episodes of extremely high temperatures. Their personal perception of the phenomenon, their behaviour and the adaptation measures implemented to a greater or lesser extent before that time, reduce the vulnerability of the sector when faced with this type of event, at least from the point of view of this young segment of the internal national market. In Spain, the episode of extreme heat of 2003 has led to the implementation or improvement of some adaptive measures after the event, especially in the fields of management, policy and education.
The European Landscape Convention (ELC) emphasises that the public should be extensively involved in the processes of landscape protection, planning and management. In spite of the emerging interest ...in the relationship between animals and landscapes in the study of animal geography, little is known about the influence of the landscape-animal component on public aspirations and the values attributed to landscape. We conducted a survey in the form of an image-based questionnaire in order to evaluate the influence of certain animal species, in this case livestock, on landscape preferences. The results show that all grazing animals have a positive impact on landscape preferences, although some species seem more popular than others. The preference for scenes with animals decreases, however, when compared with scenes with other landscape features (vegetation, traditional buildings or water). Significant differences in preferences for scenes with animals were observed according to certain sociodemographic variables such as gender, familiarity with the landscape and direct involvement in livestock farming. Of the groups surveyed, livestock farmers showed the strongest preferences for the scenes with animals. The findings of this study can be applied within the citizen participation policies encouraged by the ELC, as well as in the protection, management and planning of rural landscapes in which livestock is an appreciable feature.
This clinical quandary details a Mexican man, aged 77 years, who presented to the oncology clinic with a sternal mass. Based on the results, the patient fulfilled the 2016 American College of ...Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism classification criteria for Sjögren syndrome, thus the diagnosis triggered by immune checkpoint inhibitors was definitively established.
El presente trabajo tiene por objeto dar a conocer una primera aproximación inédita a las preferencias climáticas para la práctica del senderismo en España. Para ello se ha puesto en práctica la ...técnica de la encuesta, procedimiento de uso habitual en climatología turística. El cuestionario se ha elaborado teniendo en cuenta el marco teórico y metodológico en climatología turística, basado en la influencia de las facetas atmosféricas en el disfrute, confort, salud y riesgo de los turistas. Los resultados reflejan ciertas particularidades en las preferencias climáticas de quiénes practican el senderismo sobre otras actividades turísticas. En futuros trabajos se pretende seguir ahondando en el conocimiento de la relación clima-senderismo.
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