An assessment was carried out at Nuclear Technology Development Centre to evaluate the capacity of the plant species
Epipremnum pinnatum
to uptake, translocate and accumulate Th and U. The ...experiments were conducted under controlled conditions in a greenhouse, using cultivation in soil from uranium mine and cultivation in nutrient solution (hydroponic technique) using standards of the elements of interest. The plant species was analysed by Neutron Activation ,
k
0
standardization method. The ANOVA test, R software and Tukey’s correction were applied, the results of which showed that the candidate biomonitor plant presented good Th and U uptake in both experiments, indicating a preference for accumulate in the roots.
IMPORTANCE: The association between short sleep duration and decreased insulin sensitivity in adolescents has been described. However, to our knowledge, no studies have investigated this association ...measuring insulin sensitivity by the hyperglycemic clamp technique. OBJECTIVES: To compare the distributions of parameters of insulin resistance in adolescents with sleep deprivation vs adequate sleep, and to investigate the association between sleep deprivation and insulin sensitivity. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Cross-sectional multicenter study using data from the Brazilian Metabolic Syndrome Study conducted from June 29, 2011, to December 3, 2014, at an obesity outpatient clinic at the University of Campinas and public schools, with a convenience sample of 615 adolescents aged 10 to 19.9 years with a body mass index (BMI; calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) for age and sex at the fifth percentile or higher. A subsample of 81 adolescents underwent the hyperglycemic clamp technique. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The self-reported sleep duration was used to classify the population into 2 groups: adolescents with sleep deprivation (<8 hours/night) and adolescents with adequate sleep (≥8 hours/night). Insulin sensitivity was assessed using the hyperglycemic clamp technique. RESULTS: Among the 615 adolescents (56.3% female; median age, 15.9 years interquartile range, 12.9-17.8 years) included in the sample, the mean (SD) sleep duration was 7.9 (1.7) hours/night. The adolescents with sleep deprivation (n = 257) compared with those with adequate sleep (n = 358) had a higher median (interquartile range) age (17.0 15.4-18.3 vs 14.1 11.8-16.9 years), BMI (25.0 21.2-29.3 vs 23.1 19.5-27.6), waist circumference (83.0 73.5-95.4 vs 79.0 68.5-91.0 cm), sagittal abdominal diameter (17.9 15.8-20.8 vs 17.0 15.0-19.8 cm), neck circumference (35.2 33.0-38.0 vs 33.0 30.0-35.5 cm), uric acid level (4.9 4.0-5.8 vs 4.5 3.7-5.5 mg/dL), and white blood cell count (7000 5900-8200 vs 6600 5600-7800 cells/μL) (all P < .05). Moreover, the adolescents with sleep deprivation had a lower median (interquartile range) insulin sensitivity index compared with those with adequate sleep (0.10 0.05-0.21 vs 0.21 0.09-0.33 mg · kgfat-free mass−1 · min−1 · mU/L × 100, respectively; difference, −0.01; 95% CI, −0.01 to −0.00; P = .02). After controlling for age and sex in the multivariate regression model, sleep deprivation remained an independent predictor for those variables. In the sleep deprivation group, BMI and central distribution of fat were higher in all categories of adiposity. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Sleep deprivation (<8 hours of sleep per night) is associated with centripetal distribution of fat and decreased insulin sensitivity in adolescents. Therefore, investigations of sleep duration and sleep quality in adolescents should be included in clinical practice to promote, through health education, the eradication of the health risks associated with sleep restriction.
Studies on adults have reported inverse association between the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) of adiponectin (HOMA-Adiponectin) and the insulin resistance assessed by the glucose clamp ...technique. To our knowledge, in the pediatric population this association has not been previously investigated.
To evaluate the association between the HOMA-Adiponectin and the insulin resistance assessed by the glucose clamp technique in adolescents, and to compare the accuracy of HOMA-Adiponectin and HOMA-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) for identifying insulin resistance.
This was a cross-sectional study of 56 adolescents (aged 10-18 years). Insulin resistance was assessed using the HOMA-IR, HOMA-Adiponectin and the hyperglycaemic clamp technique. The clamp-derived insulin sensitivity index, HOMA-Adiponectin, and HOMA-IR were log-transformed to get closer to a normal distribution before analysis.
In the multivariable linear regression analysis controlling for sex and Tanner stage, HOMA-Adiponectin was inversely associated with the clamp-derived insulin sensitivity index (unstandardized coefficient B = -0.441; P < 0.001). After additional adjustment for waist circumference-to-height ratio, this association remained significant (B = -0.349; P = < 0.001). Similar results were observed when HOMA-IR replaced HOMA-Adiponectin in the model (B = -1.049 and B = -0.968 after additional adjustment for waist circumference-to-height ratio); all P < 0.001. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting insulin resistance was 0.712 (P = 0.02) for HOMA-Adiponectin and 0.859 (P < 0.0001) HOMA-IR.
The HOMA-Adiponectin was independently associated with insulin resistance and exhibited a good discriminatory power for predicting it. However, it did not show superiority over HOMA-IR in the diagnostic accuracy.
Innovation capabilities in services: a multi-cases approach Daniel, Vanessa Marques; de Lima, Mauricio Pozzebon; Ferrari Dambros, Ângela Maria
Academia (Consejo Latinoamericano de Escuelas de Administración),
11/2017, Letnik:
30, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Purpose
Considering the importance of services and innovation for the modern economy and the peculiarities that differentiate services from tangible goods, the purpose of this paper is to better ...understand how, based on the capabilities approach, innovation takes place in services.
Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative multi-case study was conducted in five instances of innovation in the fitness market, using a semi-structured questionnaire as devised in Zawislak et al. (2014).
Findings
The results show that the traditional capabilities framework is limited in explaining service innovation, as there are many levels of intangibility and non-linearity in service provision. Cases show that it is not possible to think of capabilities linearly in the service context. The authors propose that capabilities overlap, and the results show that this is a more accurate way of describing service dynamics. An alternative framework is suggested based on field findings, and a set of propositions are made for future research.
Originality/value
For many years, services were perceived as non-innovative, complementary activities, geared mainly towards the production of goods. The value of this study is to investigate a topic (innovation) that is widely studied in the industrial sector in a service context, contributing to a largely unexplored field.
Propósito
Considerando a importância dos serviços e inovação na economia moderna, e as peculiaridades que diferenciam serviços de bens tangíveis, este estudo visa entender melhor como se dá a inovação nos serviços baseado na abordagem das capacidades.
Método
Foi conduzido um estudo qualitativo multi-casos em cinco ambientes do mercado de atividades físicas utilizando um questionário semi-estruturado baseado em Zawislak et al. (2014).
Achados
Os resultados mostram que a abordagem tradicional das capacidades é limitada em explicar a inovação em serviços, dado que existem diversos níveis de intangibilidade e não-lineariedade na provisão dos mesmos. Propomos que as capacidades se sobrepõem, e os resultados indicam que essa é uma forma mais acurada de descrever a dinâmica da inovação em serviços. É sugerida uma abordagem alternativa e uma série de proposições para pesquisas futuras.
Originalidade/valour
Por muito tempo serviços eram percebidos como atividades complementares não inovativas direcionadas para a produção de bens. O valour desse estudo é investigar um tópico (inovação) já amplamente estudado no setor industrial, porém num contexto de serviços, assim contribuindo para um campo quase inexplorado.
In the last 20 yr, near-infrared diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) has been developed for providing a noninvasive estimate of microvascular blood flow (BF) as a BF index (BF
) in the human skin, ...muscle, breast, brain, and other tissue types. In this study, we proposed a new motion correction algorithm for DCS-derived BF
able to remove motion artifacts during cycling exercise. We tested this algorithm on DCS data collected during cycling exercise and demonstrated that DCS can be used to quantify muscle BF
during dynamic high-intensity exercise. In addition, we measured tissue regional oxygen metabolic rate (MRO
) by combining frequency-domain multidistance near-infrared spectroscopy (FDNIRS) oximetry with DCS flow measures. Recreationally active subjects (
= 12; 31 ± 8 yr, 183 ± 4 cm, 79 ± 10 kg) pedaled at 80-100 revolutions/min until volitional fatigue with a work rate increase of 30 W every 4 min. Exercise intensity was normalized in each subject to the cycling power peak (W
). Both rectus femoris BF
and MRO
increased from 15% up to 75% W
and then plateaued to the end of the exercise. During the recovery at 30 W cycling power, BF
remained almost constant, whereas MRO
started to decrease. The BF
/MRO
plateau was associated with the rising of the lactate concentration, indicating the progressive involvement of the anaerobic metabolism. These findings further highlight the utility of DCS and FDNIRS oximetry as effective, reproducible, and noninvasive techniques to assess muscle BF
and MRO
in real time during a dynamic exercise such as cycling.
To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate that diffuse correlation spectroscopy in combination with frequency-domain near-infrared spectroscopy can monitor human quadriceps microvascular blood flow and oxygen metabolism with high temporal resolution during a cycling exercise. The optically measured parameters confirm the expected relationship between blood flow, muscle oxidative metabolism, and lactate production during exercise.
Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by cognitive and behavioral symptoms, obesity, and sleep disturbance, and no therapy has been developed to alleviate its ...symptoms or delay disease onset. SMS occurs due to haploinsufficiency of the retinoic acid-induced-1 (RAI1) gene caused by either chromosomal deletion (SMS-del) or RAI1 missense/nonsense mutation. The molecular mechanisms underlying SMS are unknown. Here, we generated and characterized primary cells derived from four SMS patients (two with SMS-del and two carrying RAI1 point mutations) and four control subjects to investigate the pathogenetic processes underlying SMS. By combining transcriptomic and lipidomic analyses, we found altered expression of lipid and lysosomal genes, deregulation of lipid metabolism, accumulation of lipid droplets, and blocked autophagic flux. We also found that SMS cells exhibited increased cell death associated with the mitochondrial pathology and the production of reactive oxygen species. Treatment with N-acetylcysteine reduced cell death and lipid accumulation, which suggests a causative link between metabolic dyshomeostasis and cell viability. Our results highlight the pathological processes in human SMS cells involving lipid metabolism, autophagy defects and mitochondrial dysfunction and suggest new potential therapeutic targets for patient treatment.
O presente trabalho busca demonstrar como Max Reger emprega modelos de J.S. Bach na construção de sua Suíte Nº 1, Op. 131c. Dessa forma, em sua escrita, Reger combina elementos da harmonia do final ...do século XIX com técnicas contrapontísticas de J.S. Bach. A influência do mestre barroco é visualizada desde a escolha das tonalidades até a utilização de motivos que são, de fato, transformações e expansões de motivos “bachianos”. Portanto, este trabalho discute as técnicas de composição empregadas por Reger na Suíte Op. 131c nº 1, como também traça um paralelo entre essa obra, em particular, com movimentos das suítes para violoncelo solo de J.S. Bach. Respaldado pela linguagem baseada no cromatismo, Reger resgata, ao mesmo tempo, o gênero Suíte na literatura solo do violoncelo, e sob a égide da estética do romantismo tardio, cria uma obra com características e estilo próprios. A partir dessas premissas, o trabalho propõe subsidiar o intérprete em suas decisões interpretativas. This article aims at demonstrating how Max Reger employs musical patterns of J. S. Bach as models for the construction of his Suite Op. 131c nº 1 for cello solo. Thus, in his compositions Reger combines harmonic elements from the end of the 19th century with contrapuntal techniques of J. S. Bach. The influence of the German master can be traced from the choice of tonalities to the use of motives, which are, in fact, expansions and transformations of “bachian” motifs. Consequently, this article discusses the compositional techniques employed by Reger in the Suite Op. 131c nº 1 for cello solo. It also draws a parallel between this particular composition and movements from J. S. Bach’s cello suites. Endorsed by a compositional language based on chromaticism, Reger redeems the Suite as a genre for the cello solo literature and, at the same time, under the aegis of the late romantic aesthetic, he creates a work with unique style and characteristic. Based on these premises, this work aims to support the performer in her/his musical decisions.
The aim of this study is to analyze interactions among government, universities and enterprises, components of Triple helix model, considering the implementation process of governmental program to ...foster innovation in Brazil. To do so, we conducted a qualitative exploratory research within five Centers of Support for Innovation Management (Núcleos de Apoio à Gestão de Inovação – Nagis), which are projects financed through support from federal government, in order to encourage innovation in enterprises of the country. We analized trajectory of these Nagis, their methodology and their difficulties during implantation of each center. The source of data was documents and interviews with Nagis’s managers, using a script about the operationalization of project (structure, methodology of innovation management and the experiency with this methodology). Then, we analized the role of the relationship of the component in the Triple Helix model and the development of Nagis. As a main conclusion, we identified that synergy between government, university and industry spheres is limited, which does not allow more relevant advances of this program. The evidences indicate a need to restructure the role of each "helix" aiming at changes in bilateral relations. Companies need to be sensitized more emphatically about the importance of innovation and to adopt a more proactive strategy. We recommend to academy adopts a more entrepreneurial stance and the government should take a position not only as a financier, but coordinatior and facilitator of innovative activities.
Primary renal lymphoma (PRL) is a rare form of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) restricted to and primarily involving one or both kidneys, with no lymph node extension. It accounts for <1% of extranodal ...lymphomas, and descriptions in the literature are limited. Here, we describe an unprecedented case of bilateral PRL in a 44-year-old woman with Turner syndrome and discuss both diagnostic and therapeutic issues in the light of the available literature in the field. A personalized approach to this rare disease is necessary.
Resumo: Este artigo busca refletir sobre o processo de reelaboração musical a partir de um estudo comparativo entre as versões de Maurice Maréchal e Emilio Colón, violoncelistas de diferentes ...gerações, que realizaram transcrições das Siete Canciones Populares Españolas de Manuel de Falla, para violoncelo e piano. O trabalho surgiu como consequência do estudo biográfico do violoncelista e pedagogo francês, Maurice Maréchal, que, mesmo estando presente na vida dos violoncelistas atuais, principalmente por meio de suas transcrições, é relativamente pouco lembrado. É também intenção deste trabalho, analisar as decisões que permeiam as transcrições da obra em questão, abordando aspectos técnicos específicos do instrumento, como também seu resultado sonoro.
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