Center-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs have been forced to close due to COVID-19. Alternative delivery models to maintain access to CR programs and to avoid physical inactivity should be ...considered. The aim of this study was to assess physical activity (PA) levels after completing a home-based digital CR program.
A total of 116 cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients (62.6±8.9 years, 95 male) who had been attending a face-to-face CR program were recruited and assessed (baseline and at three months) on the following parameters: PA, sedentary behavior, adherence, cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular symptoms, feelings toward the pandemic, dietary habits, risk factor control, safety and adverse events. The intervention consisted of a multidisciplinary digital CR program, including regular patient assessment, and exercise, educational and psychological group sessions.
Ninety-eight CVD patients successfully completed all the online assessments (15.5% drop-out rate). A favorable main effect of time was an increase in moderate to vigorous PA and a decrease in sedentary time at three months. Almost half of the participants completed at least one online exercise training session per week and attended at least one of the online educational sessions. No major adverse events were reported and only one minor event occurred.
During the pandemic, levels of moderate to vigorous PA improved after three months of home-based CR in CVD patients with previous experience in a face-to-face CR model. Diversified CR programs with a greater variety of content tailored to individual preferences are needed to meet the motivational and clinical requirements of CVD patients.
Os programas convencionais de reabilitação cardíaca (RC) foram forçados a encerrar devido à Covid-19. Modelos alternativos para que os doentes tenham acesso a um programa de RC evitando a inatividade física devem ser considerados. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os níveis de atividade física (AF) de um programa digital de RC em casa.
Foram recrutados e avaliados (inicialmente e aos três meses) 116 doentes cardiovasculares (CV) (62,6±8,9 anos, 95 homens) que frequentavam um programa presencial de RC, nos seguintes parâmetros: AF, comportamento sedentário, adesão, sintomas CV e não CV, sentimentos face à pandemia, hábitos alimentares, fatores de risco, segurança e eventos adversos. A intervenção consistiu num programa digital multidisciplinar de RC, inclusive acompanhamento regular, sessões de exercício, de ensino e de psicologia em grupo.
Completaram com sucesso todas as avaliações online (15,5% drop-out) 98 pessoas com doença CV. Houve um efeito favorável no aumento da AF moderada a vigorosa e diminuição do tempo sedentário aos três meses. Quase metade da amostra fez, pelo menos, mais de uma sessão de exercício físico online por semana e assistiu a pelo menos uma das sessões educacionais online. Não se verificaram eventos major e registou-se apenas um minor.
Em tempo de pandemia, os níveis de AF moderada a vigorosa melhoraram após três meses em doentes CV que frequentavam previamente um modelo presencial de RC. São necessários mais programas de RC com maior variedade de conteúdos adaptados à preferência individual para dar resposta às necessidades motivacionais e clínicas dos doentes CV.
Rat models of high risk colorectal anastomoses Alvarenga Junior, Valter; Ferraz, Edna Delabio; Rolim, Marcia ...
Acta cirúrgica brasileira,
10/2018, Letnik:
33, Številka:
10
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the most frequent surgical techniques of high-risk colorectal anastomoses in rats. Methods: Wistar rats were enrolled in three different models comprising inflammatory ...(TNBS enema), vascular (portal vein occlusion) or obstructive (a non-ischemic constricting ring) mechanisms associated with colonic anastomosis that had accomplished after these former lesions. Histological analyses (Hematoxylin and eosin and Picrosirius red) were performed. Results: All anastomoses techniques were associated with risk factors and had complications, mainly anastomotic leakage. In Study 1, the use of a pharmacological agent, trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) mimicked an inflammatory bowel disease such as Crohn’s disease with 50% of anastomosis leakage, the higher percentage among all models tested. In Study 2, after portal ischemia followed by reperfusion it was observed a dense neutrophil infiltrate in the midst of necrotic tissue and fibrin at the anastomotic site and 5 days after the anastomosis, no collagen was produced. In Study 3, 5 days after the mechanical obstruction some denuded areas of epithelium with marked oedema of mucosa and submucosa were seen, at the anastomotic site and anastomosis group showed some reduction of collagen density when compared with Control/Sham group. Conclusion: All the experimental surgical techniques tested in rats were associated with high-risk colorectal anastomoses and were useful to study colonic anastomotic healing and intestinal leakage.
Abstract
A key factor to successful secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is optimal patient adherence to treatment. However, unsatisfactory rates of adherence to treatment for CVD ...risk factors and CVD have been observed consistently over the last few decades. Hence, achieving optimal adherence to lifestyle measures and guideline-directed medical therapy in secondary prevention and rehabilitation is a great challenge to many healthcare professionals. Therefore, in this European Association of Preventive Cardiology clinical consensus document, a modern reappraisal of the adherence to optimal treatment is provided, together with simple, practical, and feasible suggestions to achieve this goal in the clinical setting, focusing on evidence-based concepts.
Graphical Abstract
Graphical Abstract
Abstract Introduction Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) plays a key role in secondary prevention of patients (pts) with cardiovascular (CV) disease. The control of CV risk factors is a cornerstone of a ...comprehensive CR program. Purpose To analyze the impact of CR on CV risk factor optimization. Methods Single-center prospective cohort study including consecutive pts enrolled in a phase 2 CR program, from 2015 to 2023. Body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), smoking habits, and cholesterol and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were evaluated before and after completion of the program. Results were assessed through paired samples t-test or Wilcoxon test. Results A total of 446 pts were included (80% male), with a mean age of 60.5±11.5years. 72.1% of pts had arterial hypertension, 72.2% had dyslipidemia, 26.6% were diabetic and 62.9% were active or past smokers. Mean body weight, BMI and WC were 80.2±14.5 kg, 27.6±4.3 kg/m2 and 102.0±11.2 cm, respectively. There was a statistically significant reduction in systolic BP (-3.2± 17.5mmHg, p<0.001), diastolic BP (-2.6±13.0mmHg, p<0.001) and WC (-1.2±4.6cm, p<0.001), as well as a significant percentage of pts who quit smoking (53%). Regarding cholesterol levels, there was an improvement in total cholesterol (median level 151 vs. 139, Z=-5.450, p<0.001), high-density lipoprotein (median level 42 vs. 46, Z=-4.870, p<0.001), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (median level 81 vs. 66, Z=-6.316, p<0.001), and triglycerides (median level 115 vs. 101, Z=-2.878, p=0.004). In the subgroup of ischemic pts, only 17.8% were initially below the LDL recommended target (<55mg/dL). After CR, a higher percentage of pts achieved adequate lipid control (33%). Differences regarding HbA1c levels, weight and BMI were only significant in subgroup analysis of diabetic and obese pts (Z=-2.128, p=0.033; -1.0±4.4kg, p=0.027; Z=-2.155, p=0.031, respectively). Conclusion Results from this cohort of patients highlight the increasing importance of patient referral to a structured CR program, in order to optimize control of CV risk factors.
Deficiência e teatro: arte e conscientização Vieira, Camila Mugnai; Scoponi, Renata de Souza; Prioli Cordeiro, Mariana ...
Psicologia, ciência e profissão,
03/2007, Letnik:
27, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
People with deficiency are stigmatized and excluded from the social conviviality and of the ordinary activities. To transform that reality, the General Assembly of the UN (1990) emphasized the model ...of inclusive society, based on the principle that everyone has the same value and that society should make an effort to assist each citizen's different needs. According to this view, the Group of Theater for Special Actors (G.T.P.A.Ê.) was created, with the main objective of making possible the development of the personal and social abilities of people with mental deficiency, and of informing society about these individual's real potential and limitations. The intervention is developed during the rehearsals, night strolls and group spectacles. It's possible to observe the participants creative expressions, as well as the development of their autonomy and self-esteem. It's also possible to observe an impact of the spectacles on the public, what can decrease prejudice and facilitate the inclusion process.
As pessoas com deficiência costumam ser estigmatizadas e excluídas do convívio social e das atividades consideradas normais. Para transformar essa realidade, a Assembléia Geral da ONU (1990) enfatizou o modelo de sociedade inclusiva, baseado no princípio de que todas as pessoas têm o mesmo valor e que a sociedade deve empenhar-se para atender as diferentes necessidades de cada cidadão. Dentro dessa visão, foi criado o Grupo de Teatro para Atores Especiais (G.T.P.A.Ê.), com o objetivo principal de possibilitar o desenvolvimento das habilidades pessoais e sociais da pessoa com deficiência mental, além de informar a sociedade sobre as reais potencialidades e limitações desses indivíduos. A intervenção se desenvolve durante laboratórios de teatro, passeios noturnos e apresentações do grupo. É possível observar expressões criativas dos participantes, assim como o desenvolvimento de autonomia e auto-estima. Também se observa um impacto das apresentações no público, que pode levar à diminuição de preconceitos e facilitar o processo de inclusão.
Comportamento e parâmetros fisiológicos de leitões nas primeiras 24 horas de vida Ferreira, Rony Antonio(Universidade do José do Rosário Vellano Departamento de Ciências Agrárias); Chiquieri, Julien(Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias); Mendonça, Pedro Pierro(Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias) ...
Ciência e agrotecnologia,
12/2007, Letnik:
31, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Um experimento foi conduzido no setor de Suinocultura da Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, com o objetivo de avaliar o comportamento e parâmetros fisiológicos de leitões nas primeiras 24 ...horas de vida. Foram utilizados 82 leitões de genética comercial para crescimento rápido, sendo realizadas observações a cada cinco minutos do comportamento dos animais. Foram mensuradas as temperaturas retal e de superfície, além da freqüência respiratória em intervalo de uma hora. Os resultados obtidos com o estudo comportamental demonstraram que os leitões passam mais da metade (53,8%) do seu primeiro dia de vida dormindo dedicando somente 31,2% à ingestão de leite. A temperatura retal dos leitões recém nascidos e a temperatura superficial da pele aumentaram (P<0,05) após nove horas de vida. Entretanto, a temperatura superficial no pernil não foi influenciada (P>0,05) nas primeiras 24 horas de vida. A freqüência respiratória não foi influenciada (P>0,05). Leitões recém-nascidos com genética para alta deposição de tecido magro apresentam reação ao ambiente logo nas primeiras horas de vida. A elevação das temperaturas retal e superficial dos animais evidenciaram tentativa de controle termorregulatório a partir da nona hora de vida.
An experiment was carried out in the swine sector of North Fluminense State University to evaluate the behavior and physiological parameters of piglets in the first 24 hours of life. A total of 82 growing piglets from commercial genetic lines were used. Observations of individual piglet behavior were made each five minutes. Rectal and superficial temperature of the piglets were evaluated. Moreover, respiratory frequency was observed each one-hour interval. Results showed that piglets take a little more than half of their first day of life time sleeping (53,8%) and only 31,2% sucking. Rectal and superficial temperature increased after nine hours of life. However, superficial temperature of ham and respiratory frequency were not influenced. Newborn piglets from commercial genetic lines showed reaction to environment in the first hour of life. Moreover, the increase in rectal and superficial temperature evidenced attempt to maintain thermoregulatory control after nine hours of life.
ObjectivesAssess weight gain in adulthood, as well as influence on the prevalence of hypertension.MethodsCross-sectional study through a telephone interview with individuals ranging from 30-59 years ...old, section of the Municipal Monitoring System of Risk Factors for Non-Transmitted Chronical Diseases via Telephone Interview (Sistema Municipal de Monitoramento de Fatores de Risco para Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis por Meio de Entrevistas Telefônicas (SIMTEL)). We analyzed demographic data, anthropometric and lifestyle. The independent effect of weight gain and current body mass index and 20 years of age in the prevalence of hypertension was analyzed using Poisson regression.ResultsThe median age was 42 years old (CI95%, 41.0-43.0). The average relative weight gain was 18.1 ± 11.1%. In the sample, 7.0% presented zero weight gain, 19.2% low, 34.2% average, and 39.4% high weight gain. In multivariate analysis, the weight gain was not associated to high blood pressure, since the current BMI was significantly associated, with a prevalence 2.4 times higher in obese than in normal weight, while in obese at 20 years of age, the prevalence hypertension was 1.9 times higher.ConclusionsThere was a high weight gain in adulthood, but this gain was not decisive for hypertension when adjusted by the current BMI.
O experimento foi conduzido na Unidade de Apoio à Pesquisa do Laboratório de Zootecnia e Nutrição Animal da Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense. O objetivo foi avaliar o desempenho de suínos em ...crescimento, consumindo cana-de-açúcar como parte da sua alimentação. Foram utilizados 40 leitões mestiços (Large White X Landrace), com peso médio inicial de 30 kg, distribuídos aleatoriamente em 20 baias, com 2 animais por unidade experimental. Os tratamentos consistiram em 5 rações experimentais: T1= Ração controle; T2 = Ração controle, com substituição da oferta em 15% por cana-de-açúcar; T3 = Ração controle com níveis de P, Ca e lisina corrigidos, com substituição da oferta em 15% por cana-de-açúcar; T4 = Ração controle, com substituição da oferta em 30% por cana-de-açúcar; T5 = Ração controle com níveis de P, Ca e lisina corrigidos, com substituição da oferta em 30% por cana-de-açúcar. Foram avaliados o consumo de ração diário, o ganho de peso diário, a conversão alimentar, o índice bionutricional –IBN e realizada a análise econômica das rações. Os animais alimentados com ração contendo cana-de-açúcar apresentaram maior (P
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