Društvo Južnih željeznica u Opatiji sagradilo je 1884. godine u Opatiji Kupališni paviljon s toplim morskim kupkama (Warmbade-Pavillion) uz Hotel Quarnero i Hidroterapeutski zavod (Hydropatische ...Anstalt) u parku Angiolina. Kupališni paviljon i Hidroterapeutski zavod djelovali su do početka 1904. godine. Uslijed dotrajalosti tih ustanova i velikog povećanja broja lječilišnih gostiju (1899. godine - 4009 gostiju, 1902.godine - 19.001 gostiju). Društvo Južnih željeznica sagradilo je od 1902.-1904. godine novu, najmoderniju hidroterapeutsku ustanovu pod imenom Kupalište nadvojvode Ljudevita - Viktora (Erzherzog Ludwig Viktor Bad). Glavni liječnik Hidroterapeutskog zavoda i Kupališta nadvojvode Ljudevita - Viktora bio je prof. dr. Julius Glax, koji je balneološku terapiju dopunio sa talasoterapijom. 1907. godine postaje glavni liječnik kupališta dr. Albert Nussbaum. Zatvoreno Kupalište nadvojvode Ljudevita - Viktora ukinuto je 1919. godine, kada je prenamijenjeno u hotel.
At the beginning of the 20th century, there were different kinds of medical institutions in the health and seaside spa resort Abbazia (nowadays Opatija). The Opatija Guidebooks (1904-1914) praised ...the three sanatoriums and Zander's Medico-Mechanical Institute, which was owned by Dr. Isor Stein. Dr. Zander, who is not well-known today, has been the main topic of the authors' research. The authors have found out that Dr. Gustav Zander (1835-1920) worked as a teacher of gymnastics, a physician, and a university lecturer about the remedial gymnastics at the University of Stockholm. He constructed several devices which enabled constant and regular movement of individual parts of the human body, as well as certain devices that replaced the manual massage. Zander started his first institute in Stockholm in 1865. People could do exercise using his apparatus. He gained international fame by exhibiting his devices at the International Exhibitions in Brussels and Philadelphia in 1876 and in Paris in 1878. Several Zander's medico-mechanical institutes were established around the world and they were all named after him. There were two hundred and two Zander's Institutes in 1911 when his success and fame reached its peak. Zander's Institute in Opatija was constructed already in 1904 and it was located on the ground floor of Stein's mansion, known as Vila Stein, nowadays Vila Dora. The First World War changed the fundamental role of Zander's Institutes and the Great Depression in 1929 destroyed them. It seems the Institute in Opatija closed down at that time too, even thought we have not found out the precise date. The modern fitness studios started to emerge in Europe in the 1950s, a few decades after Zander's medico-mechanical institutes ceased to exist. Many modern professional fitness devices are basically derived from the apparatus that was recommended, constructed and launched into the society already by Dr. Gustav Zander. The authors of this article presume that it was Dr. Zander who already used the methods of physiotherapy and fitness that are generally used today.
Eleonora Jenko (18791959), married Groyer from the year 1907, was promoted as the rst Slovenian physician at the Womens Medical Institute in St. Peterburg on February 14, 1907. She studied in Russia ...because her parents felt sympathetic towards Russian nation, and because women in Austro-Hungarian Empire were not allowed to continue their education at Gymnasiums or at the Universities. Her obtained diploma could not be nostried in Austro- Hungarian Empire; she only received the recognition of its equivalency. She could only perform her professional medical work in the former region of Kranjska (Krain) and at the Austrian coast (Kstenland). She was the rst female physician who opened an independent medical practice in Opatija. At the beginning of the Great War she returned to Ljubljana and practiced as a physician in Grosuplje. She was not entitled to sign her name as a Doctor, as her diploma hads not yet been granted recognition. In order to nostrify her diploma in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes she had to pass the exams in Pharmacology and Forensic Medicine at the Zagreb Medical Faculty. On June 15, 1921 she was promoted again, and in the same year she opened her medical practice as the rst female physician in Ljubljana. She worked her whole life as a private physician, as all her applications for a public office were rejected.
Uvod: U mnogim zemljama diljem svijeta diplomanticama sestrinskih i primaljskih škola
dodjeljivane su, a i danas se dodjeljuju, diplomske značke. Slovenske zdravstvene škole
su i prije i nakon ...Drugoga svjetskog rata pohađale učenice iz mnogih krajeva nekadašnje
Kraljevine, poslije Republike Jugoslavije. Tim je polaznicama škola uz diplomu uručivala
i diplomsku značku, koju bi neke diplomantice nosile na svojim odorama radeći u zdravstvenim
ustanovama na području nekadašnje Kraljevine, odnosno Republike Jugoslavije.
Glavna namjera ovoga povijesnog istraživanja bila je utvrditi koje su slovenske zdravstvene
škole dodjeljivale diplomske značke i kako su značke izgledale. Tragali smo za razlozima
zbog kojih su škole odustale od dodjeljivanja značaka i što je ponukalo Fakultet za zdravstvo
Angele Boškin, Jesenice, da uvede uručivanje diplomske značke. Metode: Zbog gotovo
potpunog nedostatka pisanih izvora o diplomskim značkama uspjeli smo „face to face“ ili
preko telefona intervjuirati 393 većinom umirovljene medicinske sestre i primalje – dobitnice
diplomske značke. Njihove smo značke fotodokumentirali. Sakupljanjem iz raznih izvora
izgradili smo i privatnu zbirku značaka. Rezultati: Dokazali smo da su u 20. stoljeću sve slovenske
srednje zdravstvene škole i Viša šola za medicinske sestre u Ljubljani dodjeljivale diplomske
značke. Opisano je i prikazano pet različitih tipova značaka. Prva diplomska značka
dodijeljena je prvoj generaciji diplomantica prvoutemeljene sestrinske škole u Sloveniji
u Ljubljani 1925. U kasnim 70-im i do početka 80-ih godina prošlog stoljeća sve slovenske
zdravstvene škole odustale su od dodjeljivanja značaka. Traganje za uzrocima ostalo je bezuspješno.
Manje od jedne petine sudionica intervjua još uvijek čuva svoju značku. Opisana
je i prikazana i diplomska značka, koju od 2017. dodjeljuje Fakultet za zdravstvo Angele
Boškin. Rasprava i zaključak: Mnoge slovenske medicinske sestre i primalje nisu dovoljno
svjesne značenja i važnosti svojih diplomskih značaka. Unatoč važnosti značaka za vizualni
i profesionalni identitet medicinske sestre, danas su značke kao simbol sestrinstva gotovo
potpuno zaboravljene. Međutim, ove su značke male umjetnine i dokaz su postojanja i razvoja
slovenskih zdravstvenih škola. Dio su povijesti slovenskog sestrinstva i slovenske kulturne
baštine. Značke zaslužuju da se o njima govori i piše i trebale bi biti izložene u planiranom
Muzeju zdravstvene njege.
The aim of this study is to determine which health resorts existed in 1897 in Istria, Carinthia and Styria region, how many of them are still in use today and how the spas and their offer were ...represented in the past and how they are represented today. The study is based on the textbook Balneotherapie II (Bibliothek des Arztes 1900) by prof. dr. Julius Glax. The second source of our study is based on the currently available presentation of the health resorts from the internet. The textbook Balneotherapie was intended for the post graduate education of physicians and general practitioners, so they could advise the patient on further treatment in an appropriate health resort. In the chapter Balneographie the author represented 1200 health resorts all over the world. From the book we have chosen the following regions: Istria, Carinthia and Styria which used to be three parts of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Today they are divided in to three neighboring states: Croatia (Istria), Slovenia (Istria, Carinthia, Styria) and Austria (Carinthia, Styria). Within these regions Glax presented 22 health resorts, 19 of them are still working today. Barbarabad/Barbara bath (Carinthia, Austria) does not exist either as a resort or as a city. Rimske toplice (Römerbad/Roman baths) and Rimski vrelec (Römerquelle/ Roman springs) in Styria region do not function as health resorts any more. Nowadays we make a difference between spa and health resorts. Spa resorts offer numerous forms of recreation for better well being. Health resorts offer health services, as well as neglected, but various forms of alternative treatments and recreation. Each spa and health resort is represented in brochures and on the World Wide Web individually. Tradition is usually not mentioned, it is neglected but the exception is Opatija (Abbazia) which past is usually presented in the brochures. The museum of medical tourism was opened in November 2007 in Opatija where you can admire the development of Opatija from a small village to a mundane health resort.
The authors of the text have been particularly interested into the organization, the procedure,the accompanying activities as well as the themes covered at 4th International Congress of ...Thalassotherapy in Opatija in 1908. The Congress was organised by the then head of the thermal spa resort Professor Dr.Julius Glax. The official languages at the Congress were German, French, English, and also Italian and Croatian as the languages of the hosting country. Each lecturer had twenty minutes time to give a lecture or a co-lecture, ten minutes for papers and five for a follow-up discussion. The participants could make use of the information centre of the Congress, in the centre of Opatija, the whole day. Unofficially, the Congress started on 27th September 1908 with the introductory evening for all the participants in Adria Club. The Congress officially began on 28th September 1908 when all the participants gathered at the theatre hall of Hotel Stephanie. The lectures were presented in the morning. In the afternoon, the participants were taken to visit some exhibitions (e.g. the medical exhibition at Hotel Palace, the exhibition of the native Istrian-Dalmatian home crafts and antiquates and the painting exhibition at Vila Angiolina), a short sea voyage through the bay of Kvarner. On the last day of the Congress, the participants observed the sanitary conditions in Opatija (the water supply, the sewer system, litter incinerator, and quarantine for infectious illnesses), three sanatoriums, Zander's Institute, the rehabilitating-heart paths and the Archduke Ludwig-Viktor's indoor baths. The round-Opatija tour was followed by the concluding meeting and the conclusion of the Congress. The authors of this research have established that there are no important differences in the organization and realization of the congresses in the past and now.
Autore članaka zanimale su teme predavanja, organizacija, tijek i popratne aktivnosti kongresa balneologa održanog u Opatiji 1904. Kongres je u dva dijela organizirao tadašnji ravnatelj lječilišta ...prof. dr. Julius Glax. Prvi se dio održao u Opatiji od 13. do 15. listopada
1904. Obuhvaćao je predavanja, referate vlastitih znanstvenih radova/djela, njihove sažetke, poruke, diskusije i poslijepodnevni stručni izlet parobrodom u Crikvenicu. Sudionici kongresa razgledali su u Opatiji lječilišni park, rehabilitacijske staze za srce, morska kupališta
Angiolina i Slatina, pokriveno kupalište Erzherzog Ludwig Viktor i Zanderjev institut.
Na pratećoj izložbi svojim su se proizvodima predstavile austrijske i njemačke tvrtke, između ostalih još danas poznati Bayern, C. Reichert i Karl Zeiß. Na izložbi je svojim terapeutskim pomagalom exerciteur sudjelovao i opatijski liječnik dr. Isor Stein. Prvi dio kongresa zaključen je 15. listopada 1904. velikim banketom u hotelu Stephanie. Drugi dio kongresa održanog od 16. do 20. listopada 1904. obuhvaćao je stručnu ekskurziju po lječilištima austrijske riviere parobrodom Pannonia. Sudionici kongresa posjetili su i lječilišne ustanove i znamenitosti u Malom Lošinju, Puli, Brijunima, Rovinju, Gradu, Aquilei i Trstu gdje su imali i stručna predavanja. Drugi dio kongresa završen je svečanošću u Trstu odakle su se sudionici posebnim vlakom vratili u Beč.
Dr Tripold was one of the first Austrian physicians to practice in Opatija. He graduated from Karl-Franzens University in Graz in 1889 and moved to Opatija in 1891. Along with his medical practice, ...Tripold was the head physician of the volunteer Fire Brigade and Rescue Society of Opatija and meteorological observer. In 1906, he published a climatological study entitled das Klima von Abbazia (The Climate of Opatija), which was based on his own 8-year observations of the weather conditions and the 12-year observations done by his predecessor, E. Krainz. In 1908, he was appointed Imperial Counsellor by the Austrian emperor. For his medical practice in Opatija, Dr Tripold received several foreign awards, and the Viennese Volunteer Rescue Society appointed him its honorary member. The Tripolds moved to Turin in 1947. He was buried there at Cimitero monumentale. Opatija, Town-Museum of Central Europe, a project designed to identify and reunite old friends, has honoured the memory of Dr Tripold by including him in a poster of the ten most famous citizens of Opatija, and the fire station in Opatija placed a plaque on the wall in his honour.
Not only the health service but also several other humanitarian institutions and societies were active in Abbazia÷Opatija, the most important town on the once Austrian Riviera, the town that was also ...known as the Austrian Nice. The most important of the societies was The Health Resort Opatija Volunteer Fire Brigade and Rescue Society. The authors of this article have been particularly interested in the society's founding and its activity until it moved into the new building at 6, St. Florjan's Street in 1910. The fast urbanisation and the development of the industry raised the need of the well organised activity of putting out fires. The German gymnastics societies were the first to include the education and the skills development of the volunteer firemen into their programmes. The first volunteer fire brigades appeared in Austria after 1863. The huge fire that broke out in Vienna in 1881 showed that the fast and efficient rescuing demanded a well prepared organization of a team of rescuers. Based on the initiative of the chimney sweep Franz Drescher and The South Railway Company, the volunteer fire brigade was founded in Opatija already in 1886. The founding of the volunteer rescue society was based on the idea given by dr. Jaromir Mundy, the permanent guest in Opatija and a friend of prof. dr. Theodor Billroth, in 1894. The intertwining activity of the both societies resulted in their formal joining. The head physician became dr. Franz Tripold, the chief commander was Franz Doberlet junior. For his special merits, the general assembly of the Health Resort Opatija Volunteer Fire Brigade and Rescue Society appointed him the honourable commander of the society in 1903 and he received a special photo album with the photos of the volunteer firemen and the rescuers' practice. The Emperor Franz Joseph I Jubilee Fire Station, the Rescue Station And the Sanatorium (Kaiser Franz Joseph I Jubiläums - Feuerwehrrüstungshaus, Rettungsstation und Erholungsheim) was given to the use on 1st October 1910. Since then, the two societies worked at this same location. The Volunteer Fire Brigade Opatija has been located in this building ever since.
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