Abstract
Aim: YouTube has become an increasingly used platform for obtaining health information such as first aid knowledge of snake bites rescuers in recent years. Aim of the study is to evaluate ...the quality of existing YouTube videos on first aid interventions for snake bites and whether they are of an educational nature.
Materials and Methods: Descriptive study. On February 20, 2021, determined search terms such as; “Snake bite emergency aid, Snake bite treatment medicine, first aid in snake bite“ were searched separately on YouTube (https://youtube.com). A total of 360 YouTube videos were listed. It was analyzed according to the Global Quality Scale (GQS) developed to evaluate internet-based resources and the DISCERN scale developed to determine reliability.
Results: A total of 72 videos meeting the criteria were identified. The median duration of the videos were 292 seconds. The median number of views were 13.8, the number of comments were 0.01, likes were 0.11, and the number of dislikes were 0.01. When the DISCERN scores and uploaded sources were compared, significant differences were found (p = 0.031). DISCERN scores of videos shared by doctors were found to be significantly higher than other sources (p
Öz
Amaç: YouTube, son yıllarda yılan ısırığına müdahale edenlerin ilk yardım bilgisi gibi sağlık bilgilerinin elde edilmesi için giderek daha fazla kullanılan bir platform haline gelmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı, yılan ısırmalarında ilk yardım müdahaleleri ile ilgili mevcut YouTube videolarının kalitesini ve eğitici nitelikte olup olmadığını değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı çalışma. 20 Şubat 2021 tarihinde; YouTube (https://youtube.com) internet sitesinde “Yılan ısırması acil yardımı, Yılan sokması tedavisi, yılan ısırmasında ilk yardım” ayrı ayrı tarandı. Toplam 360 YouTube videosu listelendi. İnternet tabanlı kaynakları değerlendirmek için geliştirilen Global Kalite Ölçeği (GQS) ve güvenilirliği belirlemek için geliştirilen DISCERN ölçeğine göre analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Kriterleri karşılayan toplam 72 video belirlendi. Videoların medyan süresi 292 saniyeydi. Ortalama görüntülenme sayısı 13.8, yorum sayısı 0.01, beğeni sayısı 0.11 ve beğenilmeyen sayısı 0.01 olarak gerçekleşti. DISCERN puanları ve yüklenen kaynaklar karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı bir fark saptandı (p=0.031). Doktorların paylaştığı videoların DISCERN puanları diğer kaynaklara göre anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu (p
Background and objective: Hyoscine-N-butyl bromide (HBB) and paracetamol (acetaminophen)are widely used in emergency departments for abdominal pain and cramps. However, there is not enough data on ...the efficacy, safety, and superiority of each other in treating acute gastroenteritis (AGE) related abdominal pain and cramps. In this study HBB and paracetamol were compared for the treatment of abdominal pain and cramps related to acute gastroenteritis.
Materials and methods: The study was conducted in a tertiary university hospital emergency department as a prospective, randomized-controlled, and double-blind study. Intravenous (IV) 1000 mg paracetamol and IV 20 mg hyoscine-N-butyl bromide (HBB) were used to treat abdominal pain and cramps related to AGE. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the degree of abdominal pain before and after treatment.
Results: HBB and paracetamol groups consisted of 123 and 158 cases respectively. In both groups, it was observed that the VAS score gradually decreased from the 0th hour to the 1st and 2nd hours (p<0.001).When comparing each time within itself, it was observed that HBB and paracetamol measurements had similar values (p>0.05). No severe side effects were observed in any of the patients.
Conclusion: HBB and paracetamol were used for symptomatic treatment in AGE patients presenting with abdominal pain and cramps. A significant reduction in pain and cramps was achieved in both patient groups. There was no difference between the two drugs in terms of treatment efficacy and side effects.
IMC J Med Sci 2022; 16(1): 009
*Correspondence: Hasan Gümüşboğa, Department of Emergency, Şehitkamil State Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey, Posta code: 27500; Email: profhasan@hotmail.com; ORCID:0000-0003-2097-7102.
Both minor and major head traumas constitute an important proportion of childhood emergency admissions. In this study, the findings of cranial computed tomography (CCT) scans performed as a result of ...the parental pressure were evaluated.
The frequency and findings of CCT scans performed as a result of parental pressure were examined in a separate subgroup.
A total of 227 patients were included in the study; 158 (69.9%) patients had undergone CCT scans; a pathological finding was detected in 24 (10.6%) of these patients and undergone a consultation by the neurosurgeon (most common finding was isolated linear fracture; n = 12; 50%). The patients undergoing CCT scans were divided in two subgroups: the PECARN group n = 123 (77.8%) and the Parental pressure group n = 33 (22.2%).
One third of the parents of children who presented to the emergency department with head trauma and had no indication for CCT according to PECARN rules insisted on CCT imaging, and none of these cases showed ciTBI, surgical operation, or mortality. None of the patients in the parental pressure group had a history of surgical intervention or mortality within one month after discharge.
Background and objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has necessitated the switch to distance education by abandoning face-to-face education worldwide. This study aimed to ...investigate whether it is possible for practical education and performance measurements through distance education.
Methods: The application video and the application steps were sent to the participants through their smartphone by WhatsApp messenger. Grade 1 students in the Physiotherapy Section (Group A) and Grade 1 students in the Paramedic Section (Group B) voluntarily participated in the study. The participants were asked to apply simulation applications and record the simulation applications' video clips with their smartphones.
Results: The mean age of the 123 participants was 20.11 ± 2.03 (18-33) years, and 56 (45.5%) were in Group A, and 67 (54.5%) were in Group B. While the participants in Group A were successful at a rate of 35.7% (n = 20) in the head tilt-chin lift maneuver, this rate was 65.7% (n = 44) for Group B (p = 0.001). For the jaw thrust maneuver, the success rate was 21.4% (n = 12) for Group A and 31.3% (n = 21) for Group B.
Conclusion: In this study, the participants used family members as a live simulation model in our research. The participants who were given face-to-face education before were more successful on head tilt chin lift maneuver. Jaw thrust maneuver was more challenging to learn and practice by distance education. The academicians interested in medical education should keep in mind that the outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic have permanent effects on education systems.
Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2021; 15(1): 1-8
Epidemiological studies have suggested an association between particulate air pollution, increased temperatures, and morbidity related to pregnancy outcomes. However, the roles of desert dust storms ...and climatological factors have not been fully addressed. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the association between desert dust storms, particulate matter with a diameter ≤10 μm (PM
10
), daily temperatures, and toxemia of pregnancy and spontaneous abortion in Gaziantep, South East Turkey. The study was conducted retrospectively at emergency department of two hospitals in Gaziantep city. Data from January 1, 2009, to March 31, 2014, were collected. Patients, who were diagnosed with toxemia of pregnancy and spontaneous abortion by radiological imaging modalities, were included in the study. Daily temperature ranges, mean temperature values, humidity, pressure, wind speed, daily PM10 levels, and records of dust storms were collected. A generalized additive regression model was designed to assess variable effects on toxemia of pregnancy and spontaneous abortion, while adjusting for possible confounding factors. Our findings demonstrated that presence of dust storms was positively associated with the toxemia of pregnancy both in outpatient admissions (OR=1.543 95% CI=1.186–2.009) and inpatient hospitalizations (OR=1.534; 95% CI=1.162–2.027). However, neither PM
10
nor maximum temperature showed a marked association with spontaneous abortion or toxemia of pregnancy in our study population. Our findings suggest that desert dust storms may have an impact on the risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes such as toxemia of pregnancy. Health authorities should take necessary measures to protect pregnant women against detrimental effects of these storms.
Objective: This study is unique as it examines biological materials brought to the emergency department. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reasons behind the presence of nonhuman ...biological material in the emergency department.Methods: The materials brought were photographed and a pre-prepared survey form was filled in following examination.Results: A total of 46 biological materials were brought to the emergency department within a 12-month period. Ticks were the most frequently brought material, and the most common reason for bringing them was to get the creature removed from the body. Situations in which the physician did not have knowledge about the material were more frequent among those that were neutral about being satisfied with the attitude of the physician towards the material brought, and satisfaction was higher in cases when the physician was knowledgeable, although this was not statistically significant.Conclusion: Physicians should not condemn biological materials brought into the department after exposure. If possible, they should try to gain more knowledge about them. If the material is not to be stored, once it is made sure that it is not dangerous, it should be disposed of in a medical waste bin. Physicians should be knowledgeable toward the frequency and the types of such agents in their region.
For health professionals, the absence of pulse checked by manual palpation is a primary indicator for initiating chest compressions in patients considered to have cardiopulmonary arrest (CA). ...However, using a pulse check to evaluate perfusion during CA may be associated with some risks of its own. Our objective was to compare the efficiency of cardiac ultrasonography (CUSG), Doppler ultrasonography (DUSG), and manual pulse palpation methods to check the pulse in CA patients.
This study was prospectively performed in 137 patients older than 16 years of age who underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). CUSG, DUSG, and manual pulse palpation were practiced simultaneously as suggested in the relevant guidelines. Findings of the patients were recorded at the first min, at min 15 and at the end of CPR. SPSS 18.0 was used for statistical analysis.
A total of 72.3% (n = 99) of the cardiopulmonary arrest incidents occurred out-of-hospital. CUSG (4.76 ± 2.19, 4.33 ± 2.17, and 3.68 ± 2.14 s), DUSG (9.59 ± 2.37, 8.22 ± 2.86, and 7.60 ± 2.83 s), and manual pulse palpation (10.76 ± 1.03, 9.72 ± 3.01, and 9.29 ± 3.36 s) measurements of the first, second, and last inspections were detected, respectively. The false negative rates (100%, 28%, and 0%) and false positive rates (5.3%, 3.5%, and 0%) of manual pulse palpation the first, second, and last inspections were calculated, respectively, as well.
The use of real-time CUSG during resuscitation provides a substantial contribution to the resuscitation team. CUSG will allow earlier and more accurate detection of pulse than manual pulse palpation and DUSG.
Objective
Abdominal examination findings in pediatric acute appendicitis (AA) significantly vary by age. Therefore, grading systems have been developed for diagnosing pediatric appendicitis, and ...laboratory and radiological findings have an important role in this diagnosis. However, there is a need to develop new parameters for diagnosing AA. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of platelet indices in AA.
Methods
This retrospective, observational study included 207 pediatric patients who were admitted to the Emergency Department and operated on for AA. The patients were divided into three groups on the basis of their surgical and histopathological findings (non-AA, uncomplicated AA, and complicated AA).
Results
There was no significant difference in the mean platelet volume/platelet count (MPV/PC) ratio among the groups. The white blood cell (WBC) count and the MPV/PC ratio showed a significant negative relationship (r = −0.239). The specificity for MPV was 61.8% and the sensitivity was 68.8%. Receiver operating curve analysis of WBC and MPV showed significance for diagnosing AA.
Conclusion
There is a negative, but weak, relationship between the WBC count and the MPV/PC ratio. However, the MPV/PC ratio could be a useful parameter for diagnosing pediatric AA according to receiver operating curve analysis.
Objective
It is known that the inhalation of air pollutants adversely affects human health. These air pollutants originated from natural sources such as desert storms or human activities including ...traffic, power generating, domestic heating, etc. This study aimed to investigate the impacts of desert dust storms, particulate matter ≤10 μm (PM
10
) and daily maximum temperature (MT) on mortality and emergency department (ED) visits due to stroke in the city of Gaziantep, Southeast Turkey.
Method
The data on mortality and ED visits due to stroke were retrospectively recruited from January 1, 2009, to March 31, 2014, in Gaziantep City Centre.
Results
PM
10
levels did not affect ED visits or mortality due to stroke; however, MT increased both ED visits adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.002, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.001–1.003 and mortality (OR = 1.006, 95% CI = 0.997–1.014) due to stroke in women. The presence of desert storms increased ED visits due to stroke in the total population (OR = 1.219, 95% CI = 1.199–1.240), and all subgroups. It was observed that desert dust storms did not have an increasing effect on mortality.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that MT and desert dust storms can induce morbidity and mortality due to stroke.
Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate a rapid cardiac ultrasound assessment performed by trained non-expert sonographers integrated into the advanced cardiac life support (ACLS). ...Material and methods This study was prospectively performed in 179 patients (104 males and 75 females) who underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in an emergency department (ED) during two calendar years (2013 and 2014). Two senior doctors, who had received emergency cardiac ultrasonography training, performed cardiac ultrasound through the apical, subxiphoid, or parasternal windows. Ultrasound evaluation and pulse controls were performed simultaneously. SPSS 18.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 63.7% (114) of the cardiopulmonary arrest incidents occurred out of the hospital. Only 13 patients had a femoral pulse during the initial evaluation, while 166 showed no femoral pulse. Initial monitoring showed a regular rhythm in 53 patients, ventricular fibrillation in 18 patients, and no rhythms in 108 patients. The first evaluation with ultrasound detected an effective heart rate in 26 patients and ventricular fibrillation in 14 patients, while no effective heart rate was observed in 139 patients. In addition, ultrasound revealed pericardial tamponade in seven patients and right ventricular enlargement in four cases. Global hypokinesia was detected in four patients and hypovolemia was observed in another four patients. Conclusion The use of real-time ultrasonography during resuscitation with real-time femoral pulse check can help facilitate the distinguishing of pea-type arrest, ascertain the cause of the arrest, infer a suitable treatment, and optimize medical management decisions regarding CPR termination.
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