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•Strong interaction between W and Ni leads to increased Ni2+/Ni0 ratio on surface.•At ambient H2 pressure levulinic acid was converted to valeric acid over W-Ni/TiO2.•Lewis acid site ...in combination with Ni0 active for γ-valerolactone.•Brønsted acid sites close to nickel sites are responsible for valeric acid formation.
Effect of W on 20wt%Ni/TiO2 catalyst is examined in the hydrogenation of levulinic acid (LA) to valeric acid at ambient H2 pressure. The interaction between W and Ni had a significant influence on the hydrogenation activity and product selectivity. The H2-TPR (temperature programmed reduction) results emphasized a shift in Tmax to very high temperatures due to W species which are in close proximity to Ni particles. The N2O decomposition measurements showed a decrease in N2O uptake with the increase in ‘W’ loadings due to a high ratio of Ni2+/Ni0 species at higher tungsten content. X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) demonstrated a shift in binding energy to higher owing to a strong interaction between W and Ni particles by the presence of ionic Ni at the near surface region. The ionic Ni species seems to be involved in the conversion of γ-valerolactone (GVL) to valeric acid (VA). Pyridine adsorbed infrared (IR) spectra revealed an enormous increase in surface Brønsted acidity originated from tungsten interacted Ni/TiO2 are the sites responsible for ring opening of GVL to form VA.
We recommend that you compile the duplicate lists in the top search engine results to track the aspects of the query and implement a method known as QDMiner. More specifically, QDMiner extracts free ...text lists, HTML tags and re-regions the top search engine results, combining them with groups according to the products they contain, then line up the blocks and products, depending on how the conversation and products are included in the best results. The recommended approach is generic and does not depend on understanding any area. The main purpose of the extraction side differs from the query recommendations. We recommend a structured solution, described as QDMiner, to trace query aspects immediately by removing and grouping repetitive lists in free text results and HTML tags and repeating search engines. We continue to evaluate the support of the list and discover better search queries by looking for exact similarities between menus and penalizing duplicate lists. Experimental results reveal that there are many listings available and QDMiner can find useful queries. The proposed approach is general and does not depend on understanding a particular area. As a result, it can handle open-domain queries. The query supports. Instead of a static system for your problems, we extract the sides of the uploaded document above each query.
Background There is existing research indicating that exposure to blue light from electronic devices can affect sleep, and that reduced sleep can impact academic performance, the specific ...investigation of these factors in the context of medical students is yet to be explored. Hence the present study was done with the primary objective of exploring the relationship between electronic gadget screen time, sleep quality, sleep quantity, and academic performance in undergraduate medical students.
Background There is existing research indicating that exposure to blue light from electronic devices can affect sleep, and that reduced sleep can impact academic performance, the specific ...investigation of these factors in the context of medical students is yet to be explored. Hence the present study was done with the primary objective of exploring the relationship between electronic gadget screen time, sleep quality, sleep quantity, and academic performance in undergraduate medical students.
Background Cardiovascular disease is the world’s leading killer, accounting for 16.7 million deaths, or 29.2%, of the total number of global deaths in 2003. In India, in the past five decades, rates ...of coronary disease among the urban population have risen from 4% to 11%. Most of the deaths due to CVD at a young age are preventable by early identification of the risk factors and adapting healthy lifestyles.
Background Cardiovascular disease is the world’s leading killer, accounting for 16.7 million deaths, or 29.2%, of the total number of global deaths in 2003. In India, in the past five decades, rates ...of coronary disease among the urban population have risen from 4% to 11%. Most of the deaths due to CVD at a young age are preventable by early identification of the risk factors and adapting healthy lifestyles.
Railroad track inspection is crucial to maintain the safety of railway systems and prevent loss of property and lives. Traditional methods of inspection are time-consuming and labour-intensive, and ...may not always be accurate. To overcome these limitations, machine learning techniques can be used to develop efficient and reliable railroad track inspection systems. In this paper, a machine learning approach for railroad track inspection is proposed, using Python programming language and libraries like TensorFlow and Keras. The model architecture is based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), a deep learning algorithm that is well-suited for image analysis. The model is trained on a dataset of images to assess whether the railroad track is defective or not. The proposed algorithm can also be used to monitor the railroad track conditions regularly, reducing the risk of accidents and increasing the safety of the railway system. The use of machine learning in railroad track inspection has numerous benefits, including increased accuracy and speed of inspection, reduced labour costs, and improved safety. The proposed approach can be used as a decision-support tool for railroad inspectors, enabling them to quickly identify potential issues and take appropriate action. Additionally, the algorithm can be easily adapted to different types of railroad tracks and environmental conditions, making it a versatile and flexible solution.
The prime objective of the current study is to analyse the success rate of entrepreneurs who had formal entrepreneurship education. The second purpose of this paper is to find the factors determining ...(from education) the success of entrepreneurship education. Entrepreneurship education has grown significantly as manifested in the growth student enrolment and production of formal entrepreneurship institutions. United Arab Emirates (UAE) is not an exception to these developments in higher education. The scope of the current study is limited to UAE. In UAE there are differences in the education specialisations across universities from a single course to a combination of different specialisations. On the other hand, the number of students' interest towards entrepreneurship formal education is increasing day by day. This new phenomena in the study of entrepreneurship is really helping the success of entrepreneurs is a question to argue. Many people in UAE market are still questioning whether entrepreneurship is worth the investment, and whether entrepreneurship formal education enhances the skills and abilities to completely run the business in a successful manner. The current study has been conducted on 140 practicing entrepreneurs in UAE with formal education in order to find the significance of formal education in increasing the success rate of entrepreneurship.
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