The presence of electronic phase separation in complex materials has been linked to many types of exotic behaviour, such as colossal magnetoresistance, the metal-insulator transition and ...high-temperature superconductivity; however, the mechanisms that drive the formation of coexisting electronic phases are still debated. Here we report transport measurements that show a preferential orientation of electronic phase domains driven by anisotropic long-range elastic coupling between a complex oxide film and substrate. We induce anisotropic electronic-domain formation along one axis of a pseudocubic perovskite single-crystal thin-film manganite by epitaxially locking it to an orthorhombic substrate. Simultaneous temperature-dependent resistivity measurements along the two perpendicular in-plane axes show substantial differences in the metal-insulator transition temperature and extraordinarily high anisotropic resistivities, which indicate that percolative conduction channels open more readily along one axis. These findings suggest that the origin of phase coexistence is much more strongly influenced by strain than by local chemical inhomogeneity.
This meta-analysis aims to uncover the therapeutic efficacy of probiotics on acute rotavirus diarrhea (RVD) in children.
Randomized controlled studies reporting therapeutic efficacy of probiotics on ...acute RVD in children published before 1st June 2019 were searched in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane. The citations in all searched literature were manually examined. Data were extracted from eligible literature for calculating STD Mean Difference (SMD) and its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Subsequently, the association between therapeutic efficacy of probiotics and acute RVD in children was evaluated. Moreover, data were weighted by an inverse variance and analyzed by a fixed or random effect model. Heterogeneity test was applied in the enrolled literature. Sensitivity and publication bias was examined. STATA 12.0 was used for meta-analysis.
A total of 19 independent Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) involving 1,624 children with acute RVD were enrolled in this study. Three pieces of literature were excluded through sensitivity and publication bias analyses. Data extracted from eligible literature indicated that probiotics could markedly reduce the occurrence of acute RVD in children (SMD=-0.49, 95% CI=-0.74-0.25). Subgroup analysis conducted based on ethnicity uncovered a poor therapeutic efficacy of probiotics on reducing the occurrence of acute RVD in Asian children (SMD=-0.45, 95% CI=-0.94-0.04), which was markedly significant in Caucasian children (SMD=-0.54, 95% CI=-0.78--0.30). In addition, the subgroup analysis based on the probiotic subtypes found a pronounced efficacy of both Lactobacillus acidophilus (SMD=-0.67, 95% CI=-0.92-0.42) and non-Lactobacillus acidophilus probiotic (SMD=-0.45, 95% CI=-0.77-0.14) on the occurrence of acute RVD in children.
Probiotics could reduce the occurrence of acute RVD in children, especially in Caucasian population. Our findings still needed to be further validated in a multi-center institution with larger sample size and more qualified data.
Purpose
To explore the application value of multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the diagnosis of T staging of ...gastric cancer.
Methods
The subjects of study were 109 gastric cancer patients with T stages admitted to our hospital for diagnosis and treatment from December 2016 to December 2018. All the patients were examined with MSCT, MRI and gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasonography before operation to observe corresponding imaging results. T staging of gastric cancer patients was conducted according to the examination results, which was then compared with postoperative pathological staging. It was performed to analyze the accuracy of the three diagnostic methods and combined diagnosis of gastric cancer T staging.
Results
The sensitivity of MSCT in the diagnosis of T staging of gastric cancer was 60.00%, 67.74%, 72.22%, 76.47%, the specificity was 95.24%, 88.46%, 86.30%, 94.56% and the diagnostic coincidence rate was 87.16%, 82.57%, 81.65%, 91.74%; the sensitivity of MRI in the diagnosis of T staging of gastric cancer was 68.00%, 70.97%, 77.78%, 76.47%, the specificity was 92.86%, 88.46%, 91.78%, 95.65%, and the diagnostic coincidence rate was 87.16%, 83.49%, 87.16%, 92.66%; the sensitivity of gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the diagnosis of T staging of gastric cancer was 80.00%, 83.87%, 86.11%, 82.35%, the specificity was 97.62%, 92.31%, 91.78%, 97.83%, and the diagnostic coincidence rate was 93.58%, 89.91%, 89.91%, 95.41%; the sensitivity of combined MSCT, MRI and gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the diagnosis of T staging of gastric cancer was 88.00%, 93.55%, 97.22%, 94.12%; the specificity was 100%, 97.44%, 95.89%, 98.91%; and the diagnostic coincidence rate was 97.25%, 96.33%, 96.33%, 98.17%, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed that the sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic coincidence rate of combined detection of the three methods were significantly higher than those of single detection (
P
< 0.05).
Conclusion
Combined use of MSCT, MRI and gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasonography can significantly improve the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic coincidence rate of T staging of gastric cancer. It may provide a certain reference value for guiding the selection of clinical therapeutic approaches and evaluation of curative effect.
Abstract This study investigated the effect of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LRa05 on alcoholic fatty liver disease (ALD) and its mechanism for liver protection. Mice were randomly divided into three ...groups: a control (CLT) group, an ALD group, and a LRa05 intervention group. The ALD mouse model was established by Lieber-DeCarli chronic alcohol feeding. Tissues staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect changes in histopathology and inflammatory cytokines, respectively. Moreover, intestinal permeability was evaluated by the level of dextran-fluorescein isothiocyanate (Dx-FITC) in serum and tight junction protein in the colon. Changes in the composition of the gut microbiota were assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Alcohol consumption induced liver damage in mice with significantly increased levels of triglycerides (TG), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, alcohol further induced the increase of intestinal permeability and disruption of gut microbiota in mice, with an increase in the relative abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria Enterococcus , Parabacteroides , and Alistipes . LRa05 intervention significantly attenuated alcohol-induced liver injury by reducing the contents of TG, ALT, and AST, and suppressing the inflammatory responses. Meanwhile, by stimulating the expression of ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin in the colon tissue, LRa05 additionally strengthened the intestine barrier function. Furthermore, gut microbiota analysis suggested that LRa05 partially ameliorated gut microbiota disorders in ALD mice and up-regulated the abundance of Desulfovibrio and Akkermansia , which were negatively correlated with the indicators of ALD progression. The reconstructive effects of LRa05 on the gut microbiota might be related to the efficacy of LRa05 in improving gut permeability and further protecting against ALD.
Abstract
Quantum materials such as antiferromagnets or superconductors are complex in that chemical, electronic, and spin phenomena at atomic scales can manifest in their collective properties. ...Although there are some clues for designing such materials, they remain mainly unpredictable. In this work, we find that enhancement of transition temperatures in BaFe
2
As
2
-based crystals are caused by removing local-lattice strain and electronic-structure disorder by thermal annealing. While annealing improves Néel-ordering temperature in BaFe
2
As
2
crystal (
T
N
= 132 K to 136 K) by improving in-plane electronic defects and reducing overall
a
-lattice parameter, it increases superconducting-ordering temperature in optimally cobalt-doped BaFe
2
As
2
crystal (
T
c
= 23 to 25 K) by precipitating-out the cobalt dopants and giving larger overall
a
-lattice parameter. While annealing improves local chemical and electronic uniformity resulting in higher
T
N
in the parent, it promotes nanoscale phase separation in the superconductor resulting in lower disparity and strong superconducting band gaps in the dominant crystal regions, which lead to both higher overall
T
c
and critical-current-density,
J
c
.
With the rapid development of Internet and computer technology, the era of big data has arrived. With the increasingly high degree of automation in the power industry, data mining technology and ...cloud computing technology are continuously developing in the power industry to deal with massive operational data. Supervisory Information System (SIS) and Distributed Control System (DCS) have been widely used in power plants, which enables massive operation data of power plants to be saved. As data mining technology rises rapidly in the power industry, many scholars begin to use data mining technology to study and solve problems encountered in power plants. Air preheater is a kind of heat exchange equipment which USES the waste heat of flue gas to heat the air needed for boiler combustion. The air preheater can recover the heat of flue gas, reduce the temperature of smoke exhaust and improve the efficiency of boiler. In recent years, the phenomenon of air-preheater clogging is increasing. Based on big data theory, this paper investigated 26 thermal power generating units - a total of 52 air preheaters with a capacity of 300∼600MW, and applied the neural network Modeling method to the air preheater clogging reasons identification system. So we can find out the clogging reasons of air preheaters timely and accurately, slow down and avoid the clogging of air preheater.
To study the genetic diversity of phenotypic traits of natural
Populus euphratica
populations, we investigated the leaf, fruit and seed traits of the populations. The results of the phenotypic traits ...all showed that the variation among populations was larger than the variation within populations. The differentiation coefficients of phenotypic traits indicated that the variation among populations was the main source of population variation. The coefficient of variation of the phenotypic traits indicated that the leaf phenotypic traits directly exposed to the environment for a long time had the largest variation in the population. Correlation analysis between the phenotypic traits and environmental factors showed that geographical factors had a greater influence than climatic factors on phenotypic traits, and environmental factors had a certain degree of plasticity for phenotypic variation.
► Na0.5Bi4.5Ti4O15-based flexoelectric-type polar ceramics is first fabricated. ► Effect of composition on the structure and piezoelectricity of ceramics is studied. ► We propose the possible poling ...mechanism of these polar ceramics. ► These polar ceramics possess depoling temperatures higher than 700°C.
Flexoelectric-type polar ceramics might specify a class of heterogeneous ceramics that possess permanent, macroscopic, flexoelectric-type polarization and thus can exhibit both direct and converse piezoelectric effects without undergoing an electrical poling process. Here we show, by studying series of Na0.5Bi4.5Ti4O15-based nominal compositions, that flexoelectric-type polar ceramics can be synthesized by adding an appropriate amount of excess Bi2O3 to Na0.5Bi4.5Ti4O15, whereas the addition of only excess Na2CO3 or excess TiO2 to Na0.5Bi4.5Ti4O15 does not have this effect. The obtained Na0.5Bi4.5Ti4O15+xBi2O3 flexoelectric-type polar ceramics all contain Na0.5Bi4.5Ti4O15 and Bi12TiO20 phases, and their macroscopic polarization might originate from the partial alignment of distorted TiO6 octahedra and BiO5 polyhedra that are located within the grain boundary amorphous phases. Because the sodium-modified Na0.5Bi4.5Ti4O15+2.25Bi2O3 flexoelectric-type polar ceramics were found to have a piezoelectric coefficient, d33, larger than 8pC/N and a depoling temperature higher than 700°C, they are thought to have potential piezoelectric applications in the high-temperature region.
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