•Iris dichotoma and I. domestica are allopatric sister species which can be readily crossed by artificial pollination. But no natural hybrids of the two species were detected even under the sympatric ...condition.•Iris dichotoma and I. domestica had good cross compatible overlapped daily flowering times, common legitimate pollinators. But pollinators visiting time did not overlap and I. domestica’s pollen quantity was down to 0 before I. dichotoma open.•Four legitimate pollinated honeybees (Apis cerana) could visit both of them as I. domestica had pollen in the net house, but their pollens were deposited on different parts of the honeybee's body.•The temporal isolation caused complete reproductive isolation, and the difference in flower structure also played an important role in reproductive isolation. This study presented evidence of other prezygotic isolating mechanisms in addition to geographical isolation in allopatric sister species.
In allopatric species, the geographical isolation is generally disregarded as a legitimate cause of isolation. Beside geographical isolation, the other prezygotic isolating mechanisms in allopatric species have not been well proved to cause isolation. In order to explore if two allopatric sister species Iris dichotoma and I. domestica (Iridaceae) have other prezygotic isolating mechanisms, the natural hybrids, the positions of pollen deposited on the honeybee's body, the insect visiting period and frequency, and the daily dynamic changes of pollen quantity were detected; the daily flowering times were compared; the interspecific crossing and the pollen transfer were tested; the flower-visiting insects were categorized and identified. No natural hybrids of the two species were detected under the sympatric condition. Their daily flowering times were significantly different but had 2.6 h overlap, during which they had good cross compatibility. They had common legitimate pollinators, but the visiting time did not overlap and I. domestica’s pollen quantity was down to 0 before I. dichotoma open. The same honeybee could visit both of them as I. domestica had pollen in the net house, but their pollens were deposited on different parts of the honeybee’s body. The temporal isolation caused complete reproductive isolation, and the difference in flower structure also played an important role in reproductive isolation.
Sentiment classification of web social media faces the problem of text context semantics missing. The existing research mainly solves the problem of text context semantic missing by mining language ...symbol information in web social media text, seldom considering the emoticon symbols and punctuation symbols in web social media text. Similar to language symbols, emoticons' symbols and punctuation symbols in web social media text also contain certain sentiment information. In order to make full use of sentiment information contained in web social media to solve the problem of text context semantics missing, we propose a sentiment classification method of web social media based on multidimensional and multilevel modeling. By modeling web social media text from three dimensions (language symbols, emoticons' symbols, and punctuation symbols) and three levels (words, sentences, and documents) based on a deep learning framework, in this article, we attempt to solve text context semantics missing faced by the sentiment classification of web social media and improve the accuracy of sentiment classification of web social media. The experimental results on Sina Weibo and Twitter datasets show that the average accuracy of our method is 0.9479, which achieves more than 5.86% performance compared with the existing sentiment classification methods.
Introduction & Objective: Primary liver cancer (PLC) is a major global health concern, with diabetes mellitus (DM) identified as a potential risk factor. Our study aimed to evaluate the temporal ...association between the onset of DM and the risk of developing PLC. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, encompassing a sample of 89,243 Chinese adults free from any previous diagnoses of cancer or DM. Incidence rates of new-onset DM and PLC were recorded over a median follow-up of 14.04 years. Data from biennial health assessments between 2006 and 2020 were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for demographics and lifestyle factors. Results: Of the participants, 13,225 developed incident DM. Those with new-onset DM exhibited a higher risk of PLC within the first five years post-diagnosis (HR 3.09), which declined over time (Figure). HBsAg-positive individuals with recent-onset DM faced an even higher risk (HR 4.30). Subgroup analysis identified males, non-obese, current drinkers, and smokers as high-risk groups for PLC among those with new-onset DM. Conclusion: The onset of DM is associated with a heightened risk of PLC, especially within the first five years following diagnosis, particularly for those with concurrent HBsAg positivity. Our findings highlight the need for vigilant PLC screening in newly diagnosed diabetic patients. Disclosure X. Qi: None. Y. Li: None. S. Zhang: None. C. Liu: None. S. Wang: None. J. Gao: None.
Metabolic dysfunction–associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), a risk factor for stroke and all-cause mortality, is highly prevalent among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), but it is unclear ...whether the association of MAFLD with stroke and all-cause mortality differs within and outside of the setting of CKD.
Prospective cohort study.
We enrolled 95,353 participants from the Kailuan Cohort Study, among whom 35,749 had CKD at baseline or developed CKD during the follow-up period, and 59,604 individuals who had no CKD at baseline or during the follow-up period.
MAFLD.
Stroke (ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke), all-cause mortality.
Adjusted Cox regression models were used to estimate the influence of MAFLD on stroke outcomes within the subgroups defined by the presence of CKD.
After a median follow-up of 12.8 years, 6,140 strokes (6.4%) and 11,975 deaths from any cause (12.6%) occurred. After adjusting for potential confounders, MAFLD was associated with an increased incidence of stroke among the participants with CKD (HR, 1.34 95% CI, 1.23-1.45) but not among those without CKD (HR, 1.05 95% CI, 0.97-1.15; Pinteraction<0.001). This association was principally related to ischemic stroke (HR, 1.38 95% CI, 1.26-1.51) and not hemorrhagic stroke (HR, 1.04 95% CI, 0.85-1.26). No association was found between MAFLD and all-cause mortality in the participants with CKD (HR,1.04 95% CI, 0.98-1.10) or those without CKD (HR,1.03 95% CI, 0.97-1.09). Among the participants with CKD, compared with non-MAFLD, MAFLD with diabetes (HR,1.36 95% CI, 1.23-1.50) or overweight/obesity (HR,1.30 95% CI, 1.14-1.50) was associated with a higher risk of stroke whereas MAFLD without overweight/obesity or diabetes was not associated with a higher risk (HR,1.08 95% CI, 0.81-1.43).
This was an observational study and included individuals with CKD who had a relatively high estimated glomerular filtration rate.
MAFLD was associated with an increased risk of stroke in individuals with CKD but not in those without CKD.
Metabolic dysfunction–associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), which is recognized as a risk factor for stroke in the general population, is highly prevalent among individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the impact of MAFLD on the risk of stroke in patients with CKD remains uncertain. We investigated the association of MAFLD with stroke in individuals with and without CKD. Our analysis revealed that MAFLD was associated with a significantly increased risk of stroke in individuals with CKD, and the magnitude of this increased risk was greater in the setting of CKD. These findings highlight the need for increased attention to MAFLD in patients with CKD and emphasize that addressing and preventing MAFLD in this population may contribute to reduced morbidity from stroke.
Sepsis is the cause of nearly half of acute kidney injury (AKI) and, unfortunately, AKI in sepsis is associated with unacceptably high rates of mortality. Early detection of AKI would guide the ...timely intervention and care of sepsis patients. Currently, NephroCheck, based on urinary TIMP2*IGFBP7, is the only FDA approved test for early detection of AKI, which has a relatively low sensitivity for sepsis patients.
, BUMPT (Boston University mouse proximal tubular cell line) cells were treated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS).
, sepsis was induced in mice by LPS injection or cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). To validate the biomarker potential of miR-452, serum and urinary samples were collected from 47 sepsis patients with AKI, 50 patients without AKI, and 10 healthy subjects.
miR-452 was induced in renal tubular cells in septic AKI, and the induction was shown to be mediated by NF-κB. Notably, serum and urinary miR-452 increased early in septic mice following LPS or CLP treatment, prior to detectable renal dysfunction or tissue damage. Sepsis patients with AKI had significantly higher levels of serum and urinary miR-452 than the patients without AKI. Spearman's test demonstrated a remarkable positive correlation between urinary miR-452 and serum creatinine in sepsis patients (r=0.8269). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.8985 for urinary miR-452. Logistic regression analysis showed a striking 72.48-fold increase of AKI risk for every 1-fold increase of urinary miR-452 in sepsis patients. The sensitivity of urinary miR-452 for AKI detection in sepsis patients reached 87.23%, which was notably higher than the 61.54% achieved by urinary TIMP2*IGFBP7, while the specificity of urinary miR-452 (78.00%) was slightly lower than that of TIMP2*IGFBP7 (87.18%).
miR-452 is induced via NF-κB in renal tubular cells in septic AKI. The increase of miR-452, especially that in urine, may be an effective biomarker for early detection of AKI in sepsis patients.
The increase in heart failure risk in the diabetic population when hypertension and atherosclerosis are both present is still inconclusive. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of ...hypertension combined with atherosclerosis in diabetic population on the risk of heart failure. We selected 10,711 patients with diabetes who participated in the Kailuan study and completed brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) testing for statistical analysis. The subjects were divided into the non-hypertensive non-atherosclerotic, hypertensive, atherosclerotic, and hypertensive atherosclerotic groups based on their history of hypertension and atherosclerosis. At a median follow-up of 4.15 years, 227 cases of heart failure occurred. Compared with the non-hypertensive non-atherosclerotic group, the multifactorial Cox proportional risk regression model showed that the hazard ratio (HR) for heart failure in the hypertensive atherosclerotic group was 3.08 (95% confidence interval CI: 1.32-7.16), whereas the HR decreased to 2.38 (95% CI: 1.01-5.63) after gradual correction of lipid-lowering, glucose-lowering, and antihypertensive drugs. The subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were consistent with that of total population. In conclusion, patients with diabetes exposed to both hypertension and atherosclerosis had an increased heart failure risk, which was attenuated by the use of lipid-lowering, glucose-lowering, and antihypertensive drugs.
To compare clinical epidemiological features of atrial fibrillation (AF) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and non-CKD populations.
This study included 88,312 adults aged ≥45 years old from the KAILUAN ...study. AF was ascertained with a 12-lead electrocardiogram. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and/or proteinuria. Participants were categorized into non-CKD (eGFR > 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 without proteinuria, n = 66,725) and CKD (n = 21,578) groups. We evaluated the prevalence of AF in both groups, evaluated risk factors for AF using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analysis.
The prevalence of AF among non-CKD and CKD participants was 0.26% and 1.00%, respectively. Multivariable-adjusted analysis showed that older age (odds ratio OR: 1.08, 95% confidence interval CI: 1.07–1.10, P < 0.001), smoking (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.07–1.57, P = 0.017), hypertension (OR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.44–3.17, P < 0.001), diabetes (OR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.10–2.89, P < 0.001), and larger waist circumference (OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01–1.04, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with AF in the non-CKD group. In the CKD group, older age, smoking, larger waist circumference, reduced eGFR (OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95–0.99, P < 0.001), proteinuria (OR: 2.01, 95% CI: 1.09–3.74, P < 0.001) and raised serum C-reactive protein (1.01, 1.00–1.03, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with AF.
The prevalence of AF in Chinese adults with CKD is higher than that among those without CKD. Risk factors for AF in non-CKD population were not the same compared with those in CKD population, kidney function and inflammatory markers were associated with the prevalence of AF.
•We compared the clinical epidemiological features of atrial fibrillation (AF) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and non-CKD populations. 88312 adults aged ≥45 years old were enrolled from the KAILUAN study, it include 21578 CKD individuals (defined as an eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and/ or proteinuria) and 66725 non-CKD individuals (eGFR >60 mL/min/1.73 m2 without proteinuria). AF was ascertained with 12-lead electrocardiogram.•The prevalence of AF among CKD and non-CKD individuals was 1.00% and 0.26%, respectively.•Multivariable-adjusted analysis showed that older age, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and larger waist circumference were significantly associated with AF in the non-CKD group.•In the CKD group, older age, smoking, larger waist circumference, reduced eGFR, proteinuria and raised serum C-reactive protein were significantly associated with AF.
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