The aim of the study is to estimate the prevalence of atelectasis assessed with computer tomography (CT) in SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia and the relationship between the amount of atelectasis with ...oxygenation impairment, Intensive Care Unit admission rate and the length of in-hospital stay.
Two-hundred thirty-seven patients admitted to the hospital with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia diagnosed by clinical, radiology and molecular tests in the nasopharyngeal swab who underwent a chest computed tomography because of a respiratory worsening from Apr 1 to Apr 30, 2020 were included in the study. Patients were divided into three groups depending on the presence and amount of atelectasis at the computed tomography: no atelectasis, small atelectasis (< 5% of the estimated lung volume) or large atelectasis (> 5% of the estimated lung volume). In all patients, clinical severity, oxygen-therapy need, Intensive Care Unit admission rate, the length of in-hospital stay and in-hospital mortality data were collected.
Thirty patients (19%) showed small atelectasis while eight patients (5%) showed large atelectasis. One hundred and seventeen patients (76%) did not show atelectasis. Patients with large atelectasis compared to patients with small atelectasis had lower SatO
/FiO
(182 vs 411 respectively, p = 0.01), needed more days of oxygen therapy (20 vs 5 days respectively, p = 0,02), more frequently Intensive Care Unit admission (75% vs 7% respectively, p < 0.01) and a longer period of hospitalization (40 vs 14 days respectively p < 0.01).
In patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, atelectasis might appear in up to 24% of patients and the presence of larger amount of atelectasis is associated with worse oxygenation and clinical outcome.
Background: Radiology has improved dramatically since its origins supported by physics and computer science. Regarding the latter image processing, based on software and user interface developed by ...commercial brands, has become a fundamental tool for understanding, interpreting and learning of anatomy and pathology. 3D images breakthrough allows us having a much more advanced, detailed and sophisticated image. This article introduces 4D imagine by Siemens SOMATOM Sensation Computerized Tomography (CT) system with Syngo DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine) viewer and by InSpace 4D application. In Space adds on the four dimension, the movement as a new feature. Methodology: Images were taken by a Magnetic Resonance (MR) Phillips 1.5 Tesla and a Siemens SOMATOM Sensation 40 CT and handled with a Siemens Syngo Viewer at a LEONARDO station using InSpace 4D application. Results: Several 3D imagines are described highlighting removal of unwanted structures. Discussion: teaching and learning improvements due to 3D imagine usage. Conclusion: InSpace 4D application allows us to understand and learn anatomy in a much more simpler way, being the anatomical structures removal and isolation the main breakthrough of this application.
The aim of this study was to provide data on the main toxic and trace metals in the liver and kidney of domestic dogs in Galicia, NW Spain and to evaluate the influence of diet, sex, age, and ...pathological lesions on metal accumulation. Samples of the liver and kidney from 77 male and female dogs, aged between 6 mo and 18 yr, were collected during ordinary necropsy. Samples were acid-digested and metal concentrations determined by inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-mass spectrometry and ICP-atomic emission spectrometry. Mean toxic metal concentrations (geometric means for liver and kidney respectively) were 11.5 and 15.8 microg/kg wet weight for As, 56.3 and 166 microg/kg for Cd, 32.7 and 51.9 microg/kg for Hg, and 60.1 and 23.6 microg/kg for Pb. For the trace metals, these concentrations were respectively 16.3 and 21.0 microg/kg for Co, 57.6 and 43.9 microg/kg for Cr, 42.1 and 5.95 mg/kg for Cu, 394 mg/kg and 95.7 mg/kg for Fe, 2.39 and 0.956 mg/kg for Mn, 0.522 and 0.357 mg/kg for Mo, 23.8 and 26.8 microg/kg for Ni, 0.686 and 1.39 mg/kg for Se, and 46.7 and 26.0 mg/kg for Zn. Cd concentrations in the kidney significantly increased with age, and Co concentrations in the liver and kidney significantly decreased with age. Hepatic Pb concentrations were significantly higher in growing (<1 yr) and old (>10 yr) dogs. Animals with pathological lesions showed significantly higher Co and lower Mn and Zn concentrations in liver than animals without macroscopic abnormalities. Dogs that received commercial diets in general showed low variability in hepatic mineral status compared to animals that receive homemade feeds or a mixture of commercial and homemade feeds.
The aim of this study was to provide data on the main toxic and trace metals in the liver and kidney of domestic dogs in Galicia, NW Spain and to evaluate the influence of diet, sex, age, and ...pathological lesions on metal accumulation. Samples of the liver and kidney from 77 male and female dogs, aged between 6 mo and 18 yr, were collected during ordinary necropsy. Samples were acid-digested and metal concentrations determined by inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-mass spectrometry and ICP-atomic emission spectrometry. Mean toxic metal concentrations (geometric means for liver and kidney respectively) were 11.5 and 15.8 μg/kg wet weight for As, 56.3 and 166 μg/kg for Cd, 32.7 and 51.9 μg/kg for Hg, and 60.1 and 23.6 μg/kg for Pb. For the trace metals, these concentrations were respectively 16.3 and 21.0 μg/kg for Co, 57.6 and 43.9 μg/kg for Cr, 42.1 and 5.95 mg/kg for Cu, 394 mg/kg and 95.7 mg/kg for Fe, 2.39 and 0.956 mg/kg for Mn, 0.522 and 0.357 mg/kg for Mo, 23.8 and 26.8 μg/kg for Ni, 0.686 and 1.39 mg/kg for Se, and 46.7 and 26.0 mg/kg for Zn. Cd concentrations in the kidney significantly increased with age, and Co concentrations in the liver and kidney significantly decreased with age. Hepatic Pb concentrations were significantly higher in growing (<1 yr) and old (>10 yr) dogs. Animals with pathological lesions showed significantly higher Co and lower Mn and Zn concentrations in liver than animals with-out macroscopic abnormalities. Dogs that received commercial diets in general showed low variability in hepatic mineral status compared to animals that receive homemade feeds or a mixture of commercial and homemade feeds.PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two dietary supplements (monensin and a live yeast culture) on acid-base balance in steers maintained in a commercial feedlot system, considering ...effects over the growing period (14 to 23 weeks of age). A 63-day feedlot study was performed using 42 double-muscled Belgian Blue steers. Steers were allotted randomly to one of the three study groups: (1) control group no supplementation, C, (2) monensin supplementation MON at a concentration of 30 mg/kg (DM basis), and (3) live Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain supplementation SACC at a dose of 500 mg/kg (DM basis). Venous blood samples were collected for the measurement of acid-base parameters and L-lactate. Production parameters were also used as a complementary tool for understanding the internal changes associated with supplementation. Our results show that during the study period no statistical differences were observed between supplemented and control steers, although non-supplemented animals tended to gain more efficiently than those fed monensin or yeast. Nevertheless, taking into account blood parameters, these control animals showed a greater risk of acid overload due to a more marked decline in blood buffer levels over time in comparison with supplemented steers although no differences were observed between monensin or yeast supplemented animals. Additionally, significant effect of supplementation was observed in packed cell volume (PCV) values.
Zur Charakterisierung verschiedener Rinderrassen wurde im Nord-Westen Spaniens an 235 Kuehen der Rassen Holstein-Frisian (Milchproduktion), Rubia Gallega (Fleischproduktion) und Morenas Gallegas ...(Fleischproduktion) 40 Blutparameter untersucht (7 haematologische, 15 metabolische, 6 enzymatische, 12 anorganische Parameter). Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die drei Rassen in drei verschiedene phylogenetische Gruppen eingeteilt werden koennen.
Es konnten unterschiedliche Korrelationskoeffizienten (KK) in Abhaengigkeit vom physiologischen Zustand des Mutterschafes festgestellt werden. Hoehere KK im Anoestrus fuer ionisiertes Ca (I) und ...Protein (Gesamteiweiss (II) u. Albumin (III)). Im 4. Traechtigkeitsmonat veraenderten sich die KK zwischen den Parametern pH und II, I und Gesamt-Ca (IV) im Serum, schliesslich zwischen II und III. 2 Wo. vor der Geburt wurden KK zwischen pH und I, pH und III, pH und II, I und III, I und II sowie III und II nachgewiesen. Waehrend der Laktation wurden Korrelationen zwischen pH und I sowie IV und III beobachtet.
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