Hyperlactatemia occurs during or after extracorporeal circulation in the form of lactic acidosis, increasing the risk of postoperative complications and the mortality rate. The aim of this study was ...to evaluate whether continuous high-volume hemofiltration with volume replacement through a polyethersulfone filter during the extracorporeal circulation procedure decreases postoperative lactatemia and its consequences.
This was a randomized controlled trial. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of 32: with or without continuous high-volume hemofiltration through a polyethersulfone membrane. Five patients were excluded from each group during the study period. The sociodemographic characteristics, filter effects, and blood lactate levels at different times during the procedure were evaluated. Secondary endpoints were studied, such as the reduction in the intubation time and time spent in ICU.
Lactatemia measurements performed during the preoperative and intraoperative phases were not significantly different between the two groups. However, the blood lactate levels in the postoperative period and at 24 hours in the intensive care unit showed a significant reduction and a possible clinical benefit in the hemofiltered group. Following extracorporeal circulation, the mean lactate level was higher (difference: 0.77 mmol/L; CI 0.95: 0.01-1.53) in the nonhemofiltered group than in the hemofiltered group (p<0.05). This effect was greater at 24 hours (p = 0.019) in the nonhemofiltered group (difference: 1.06 mmol/L; CI 0.95: 0.18-1.93) than in the hemofiltered group. The reduction of lactatemia is associated with a reduction of inflammatory mediators and intubation time, with an improvement in liver function.
The use and control of continuous high-volume hemofiltration through a polyethersulfone membrane during heart-lung surgery could potencially prevent postoperative complications. The reduction of lactatemia implied a reduction in intubation time, a decrease in morbidity and mortality in the intensive care unit and a shorter hospital stay.
A hypereutectic Ni alloy with 22 at. % Si was irradiated with a high-energy nickel ion beam and high ion fluence at 650°C to induce the formation of intrinsic and extrinsic point defects. Under these ...irradiation conditions, high concentrations of point defects were formed in the irradiated region. The recovery process initiated due to the damage induced by irradiation led to the formation of a nanoparticle population in the irradiated region. The irradiated region was characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The experimental evidence obtained permitted the establishment of an event sequence that culminated in nanoparticle population formation. The event sequence had the following stages: (a) Ni atom population implantation within a specific zone of the irradiated region; (b) nucleation and growth of a Nickel
-hexagonal
phase due to ordering of the implanted nickel atoms; and (c) Ni
-hexagonal
phase nanoparticle growth within a specific region of the irradiated region. The HRTEM analysis yielded crucial insights into the mechanisms underlying nanoparticle formation. The two most important aspects are as follows: firstly, the nucleation of Nickel
-hexagonal
phase into an amorphous region, and secondly, the non-equilibrium nature of the Nickel
-hexagonal
phase of the Nickel metallic system. These experimental findings are important for implantation technology; implanting atomic species into certain materials to create composite materials can lead to the formation of non-equilibrium phases and amorphous regions. Both of these outcomes have the potential to adversely affect the properties of the composite material.
A previously reported bacterial bioemulsifier, here termed microbactan, was further analyzed to characterize its lipid component, molecular weight, ionic character and toxicity, along with its ...bioemulsifying potential for hydrophobic substrates at a range of temperatures, salinities and pH values. Analyses showed that microbactan is a high molecular weight (700 kDa), non-ionic molecule. Gas chromatography of the lipid fraction revealed the presence of palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids; thus microbactan may be considered a glycolipoprotein. Microbactan emulsified aromatic hydrocarbons and oils to various extents; the highest emulsification index was recorded against motor oil (96%). The stability of the microbactan-motor oil emulsion model reached its highest level (94%) at 50 °C, pH 10 and 3.5% NaCl content. It was not toxic to Artemia salina nauplii. Microbactan is, therefore, a non-toxic and non-ionic bioemulsifier of high molecular weight with affinity for a range of oily substrates. Comparative phylogenetic assessment of the 16S rDNA gene of Microbacterium sp. MC3B-10 with genes derived from other marine Microbacterium species suggested that this genus is well represented in coastal zones. The chemical nature and stability of the bioemulsifier suggest its potential application in bioremediation of marine environments and in cosmetics.
C-terminus of Hsc/p70-Interacting Protein (CHIP) is a homodimeric E3 ubiquitin ligase. Each CHIP monomer consists of a tetratricopeptide-repeat (TPR), helix-turn-helix (HH), and U-box domain. In ...contrast to nearly all homodimeric proteins, CHIP is asymmetric. To uncover the origins of asymmetry, we performed molecular dynamics simulations of dimer assembly. We determined that a CHIP monomer is most stable when the HH domain has an extended helix that supports intra-monomer TPR-U-box interaction, blocking the E2-binding surface of the U-box. We also discovered that monomers first dimerize symmetrically through their HH domains, which then triggers U-box dimerization. This brings the extended helices into close proximity, including a repulsive stretch of positively charged residues. Unable to smoothly unwind, this conflict bends the helices until the helix of one protomer breaks to relieve the repulsion. The abrupt snapping of the helix forces the C-terminal residues of the other protomer to disrupt that protomer's TPR-U-box tight binding interface, swiftly exposing and activating one of the E2 binding sites. Mutagenesis and biochemical experiments confirm that C-terminal residues are necessary both to maintain CHIP stability and function. This novel mechanism indicates how a ubiquitin ligase maintains an inactive monomeric form that rapidly activates only after asymmetric assembly.
Las características fisicoquímicas de los fluidos de producción derivados de procesos de recobro químico (emulsiones crudo-agua), pueden alterarse debido a la presencia de polímero residual, lo que ...puede generar problemas operacionales en sistemas de levantamiento o facilidades de superficie. En esta investigación se analizaron los efectos potenciales de HPAM residual sobre los fluidos de producción, haciendo sensibilidad en variables como la concentración residual de polímero, el corte de agua y la cantidad de sólidos totales disueltos (TSD) en el agua de producción. Se observó que en presencia de poliacrilamida parcialmente hidrolizada (HPAM) mejora la velocidad de separación de los fluidos de producción, pero disminuye la calidad del agua separada al aumentar el contenido de crudo disperso y al formarse emulsiones múltiples más estables promovidas por el remanente de polímero en la fase acuosa
Reactions of 2‐benzimidazole propionic acid (1) with Sn(nBu)32O and SnPh3OH gave mononuclear organometallic tin esters 2 and 3, respectively, where 1 is coordinated to the tin atom through the ...carboxylate group. Further reactions of 2 with DMSO and 3 with methanol, ethanol, pyridine, DMSO, THF and water afforded the corresponding tin compounds coordinated by the base 4–10, respectively. X‐ray diffraction analyses of 5, 6 and 10 were obtained. The solid‐state structures showed that the ligand 1 is bound through both oxygen atoms of the carboxylic group with the Lewis base anti to it. Reaction of 1 with di‐n‐butyltin oxide produced a tetranuclear distannoxane (11) by the association of four Sn(nBu)2 groups, two oxygen atoms and four ligands. Four of the oxygen atoms are tricoordinate. The tin atoms are hexacoordinate with distorted octahedral geometries. The macromolecule has in total seven fused rings. Five of them are four membered rings arranged in a ladder‐type arrangement and the other two are six membered rings. The aliphatic chains and the benzimidazole groups are perpendicularly oriented to the polycyclic arrangement giving a sandwich with polar bonds in the middle and covered by the aliphatic and aromatic groups. In all compounds the ligands showed a chiral helicoidal preferred conformation.
To assess the risk factors perceived as stressors by pregnant women in the work environment and the possible adverse consequences of such exposure for the normal development of pregnancy.
Systematic ...review, guided by the PRISMA guidelines, and using Pubmed, Web of Science, Dialnet, SciELO, and REDIB databases. Methodological quality was assessed using the critical appraisal tools for non-randomised studies of the Joanna Briggs Institute.
A total of 38 studies were included. The main risk factors found in the work environment of pregnant women were chemical, psychosocial, physical-ergonomic-mechanical factors, and other work-related factors. The main adverse consequences of exposure to these factors include low birth weight, preterm birth, miscarriage, hypertension and pre-eclampsia, as well as various obstetric complications.
During pregnancy, working conditions that are considered acceptable in normal situations may not be so during this stage due to the major changes that occur during pregnancy. Many obstetric effects may have an important impact in the mother's psychological status; therefore, it is important to optimise working conditions during this stage and to reduce or eliminate possible risks.
•Antagonistic bacteria from mango phyllosphere against C. gloeosporioides.•Most effective antagonist was identified by 16S rDNA as Bacillus velezensis.•B. velezensis TS3B-45 displayed remarkable ...antifungal activity in vitro &in vivo.•B. velezensis TS3B-45 treatment did not affect quality parameters of mango.•First report of B. velezensis as suitable agent for postharvest conservation.
Postharvest fungal decay causes economic loss and may cause human intoxication. Biological control of fungal decay of fruits using antagonistic native bacteria is a promising alternative. Leaf-associated (phyllosphere) bacteria are a promising yet underexploited source of antagonists for fungal control. A total of 108 bacterial isolates from mango (Mangifera indica L.) leaves from orchards in the Campeche state (southern Mexico) were isolated on PDA medium and screened to determine their in vitro antifungal activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides var. minor ATTC 42374. Selected antagonistic isolates TS3B-44, TS3B-45, TS3B-92 and TS3B-183 were subject to a comparative analysis to determine their in vitro control potential. The most effective isolate was TS3B-45, identified by 16S rDNA sequencing as being more closely related to Bacillus velezensis; its effect was compared with different control methods: chitosan, two synthetic fungicides (benomyl and prochloraz), NaHCO3 and Bacillus subtilis ATCC 55614. TS3B-45 isolate showed inhibitory activity in vitro (80%), similar to prochloraz (82%) and B. subtilis ATCC 55614 (77%). It also proved effective against other fungal plant pathogens, including native Colletotrichum spp., Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Curvularia clavata, Pestalotiopsis maculans, and both Fusarium nivale and F. solani. In vivo tests validated the effectiveness of this novel B. velezensis strain against C. gloeosporioides under semi-commercial postharvest conditions, achieving a disease control based on Abbott's method. Based on this analysis, the results did not differ significantly of those exhibited by the commercial product Serenade® (Bacillus subtilis). B. velezensis TS3B-45 treatment did not affect a range of quality parameters including maturity index, fruit weight, reducing sugar, and acidity of mangoes after 32 days of storage and shelf conditions. To our knowledge this is the first report of a B. velezensis-like bacterium as a promising suitable biocontrol agent for postharvest conservation. Further testing is required including stabilization, bioformulation and assessment of toxicity against human.
The aim of this review was to assess the possible risk factors arising from working conditions, that could have an impact on the stress, fear, and anxiety of construction workers.
A systematic review ...was conducted following the PRISMA format in the Pubmed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycInfo electronic databases on February 3, 2023, using the following key words: anxiety, stress, fear, and construction workers. Methodological quality was assessed using the critical appraisal tools of the Joanna Briggs Institute.
A total of 35 studies were included. The results showed a number of conditioning factors for stress, anxiety, and fear among construction workers such as age, inappropriate safety equipment, safety culture, high workload and long working hours, physical pain, low social support from direct supervisor or co-workers, lack of organizational justice and lack of reward, financial situation, maladaptive coping strategies, and characteristics of the pandemic.
There are a number of risk factors related to working conditions, organizations, and individuals that can affect the levels of stress, anxiety, and fear among construction workers, such as age, work hardship, safety culture and, especially, the long hours that construction professionals work. This may lead to an increase in the number of occupational accidents and higher associated fatality rates.
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022367724, identifier: CRD42022367724.
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•Iron oxide nanofluids were synthesized by microemulsion and analyzed with a Michelson interferometer.•A double stage Fast Fourier Transform analysis explored the dynamic properties ...of the nanofluid.•The linear effects of sedimentation of nanoparticles had a greater impact on the optical properties.•The nonlinear interactions between nanoparticles had more influence on the electrical conductivity.
Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) exhibit low toxicity and high chemical stability, attractive for developing of nanofluids (NFs) for advanced medical applications. This research focuses on the study of the optical, mechanical, and electrical dynamics of iron oxide–ethanol NFs. A novel sensitive methodology for analyzing the influence of nanoparticles (NPs) over the optical and electrical processes exhibited by IONFs is reported. The IONPs were synthesized by a microemulsion route and were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The NPs exhibit a mean diameter of 30 nm and they were identified as Fe2O3. UV–Vis spectroscopy allows us determining the volume fraction of the fluid as a function of time. The assistance of a Michelson interferometer integrated with an image processing methodology was employed to explore the dynamics of the nanostructures. The percentage of NPs involved in linear and nonlinear dynamic fluid processes was estimated by taking a double-stage (spatial and frequency domains) Fast Fourier Transform in the interferometric pattern. A DC voltage source was used to study the electrical conductivity of the NF as it was being sedimented. The opto-mechatronic parameters were correlated, considering the volume fraction as the main variable to determine the optical and electrical characteristics. For the Fe2O3 NF, it is identified that the linear effects of sedimentation present a stronger impact on the optical properties, while the nonlinear interactions have more influence on the electrical conductivity. The main findings of this research have potential applications in rheological instrumentation to analyze complex effects using transient opto-mechatronic components.
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