The study was conducted as open field trial, with irrigation, with the Clery strawberry variety. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of foliar application on berry and seaweed extract ...on the yield and quality of strawberry fruit (sugar, acid and anthocyanin content). The experiment was set up by random block system in 4 repetitions. The following treatments were applied to the strawberry crop: 1. control, 2. conventional NPK fertilization (10-52-10), 3. 30% reduced conventional NPK fertilization, 4. 30% reduced conventional fertilization + biostimulants. Due to arid growing conditions, NPK fertilizer was applied foliarly. Statistical analysis of the data showed significant differences between treatments in strawberry yield, and anthocyanins content. Compared to the control, the biostimulator had an effect on strawberry yield and total anthocyanin content, but not on the total soluble sugar and acid content of strawberry fruit.
Istraživanje je provedeno u poljskim uvjetima, uz navodnjavanje, sa sortom jagode Clery. Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati utjecaj folijarne primjene biostimulatora na bazi ekstrakta bobica i morskih algi na prinos i kvalitetu ploda jagode (sadržaj šećera, kiselina i antocijana). Pokus je postavljen po slučajnom blok sustavu u 4 ponavljanja. Na usjevu jagoda primijenjeni su tretmani: 1. kontrola, 2. konvencionalna gnojidba NPK (10-52-10), 3. 30% reducirana konvencionalna gnojidba NPK, 4. 30% reducirana konvencionalna gnojidba + biostimulator. Zbog sušnih uvjeta uzgoja NPK gnojivo primijenjeno je folijarno. Statističkom analizom podataka dobivene su značajne razlike između tretmana u prinosu ploda jagode i sadržaju ukupnih antocijanina. U usporedbi s kontrolom biostimulator imao je utjecaj na prinos jagode i sadržaj ukupnih antocijanina, ali ne na sadržaj šećera i kiselina u plodu jagode.
This research was set up in 2013 in agroecological conditions of continental Croatia (3 different locations). The extperiment was set as a split-plot design in four replicates, with three levels of ...the main treatments of soil tillage (CT - plowing; MD - reduced multiple disk harrowing; SD - reduced single disk harrowing) and levels of subtreatment fertilization (F0 - control; F1 - standard KAN fertilization; F2 - fertilization with 5% urea solution; F3 - Profert Mara; F4 - Profert NGT; F5 - Thiofer; F6 - EM Aktiv). The highest camelina grain and biomass yield was achieved in the subtreatment F6 when using microbiological fertilizer EM Aktiv, regardless of the applied agrotechnics. After the harvest experiment, anaerobic batch co-digestion of camelina and cow manure was conducted under thermophilic conditions to determine camelina's potential for biogas production. The biogas potential of camelina was expressed as biogas and methane yields which ranged from 382.00 and 246.04 cm3 g-1 VS, respectively. If compared to maize which is often used as a standard for comparison of methane yields, maize methane yields are higher by 21 to 40%
Istraživanje je postavljeno 2013. godine u agroekološkim uvjetima kontinentalne Hrvatske (3 različite lokacije). Pokus je postavljen po split-plot shemi u četiri ponavljanja, s tri razine glavnih tretmana obrade tla (CT - oranje; MD - reducirano višestruko tanjuranje; SD - reducirano drljanje jednom tanjuračom) i razinama gnojidbe podtretmana (F0 - kontrola; F1 - standardna gnojidba KAN-om; F2 - gnojidba 5% otopinom uree; F3 - Profert Mara; F4 - Profert NGT; F5 - Thiofer; F6 - EM Aktiv). Najveći prinos zrna i biomase kameline ostvaren je u podtretmanu F6 uz korištenje mikrobiološkog gnojiva EM Aktiv, neovisno o primijenjenoj agrotehnici. Nakon eksperimenta žetve, provedena je anaerobna šaržna kodigestija kameline i kravlje gnojovke u termofilnim uvjetima s ciljem određivanja potencijala kameline za proizvodnju bioplina. Bioplinski potencijal kameline izražen je preko prinosa bioplina i metana koji su se kretali od 382.00 odnosno 246.04 cm3 g-1 OT. U usporedbi s kukuruzom koji se često koristi kao standard za usporedbu prinosa metana, prinosi metana proizvedenog iz zrna kukuruza veći su za 21 do 40 %.
Field rodents can cause considerable economic losses
in perennial crops, especially lucerne. Predatory birds can provide biological
control of field rodent populations. However, modern arable ...landscape usually
provides few or no natural standpoints for predatory birds to wait for their
prey. According to the old farmers in eastern Croatia, T-standpoints installed
into lucerne were traditional implements assisting the bird predation over
field rodents. Aim of this study was to check whether the T-standpoints really
are appropriate installations for the predatory birds to wait for their prey on
the ground or not. The research has confirmed that predatory birds (
Buteo buteo
and
Falco tinnunculus
) descended on the installed T-standpoints (in
average 1.35 arrivals per day of observation), waited (average period of stay
was 17 minutes in the morning and 34 minutes in the afternoon) and landed on
the ground, most probably to catch the prey (in average 13 % of arrivals to
T-standpoints ended with landing to the ground, likely for the prey attack).
Small forest restoration in arable landscapes and less chemical rodent control
would probably improve the predatory bird populations, thus enhancing the
biological control of field rodents. There remains the need for further
investigation of efficiency of field rodent control by predatory birds
The aim of this research was to investigate the seed quality of perennial ryegrass after 5-year storage treatments at various temperatures. The seeds of two cultivars of perennial ryegrass (diploid ...Bartwingo and tetraploid Calibra) were used, and the storage treatment temperatures were: room temperature (about 21°C), 10°C, -20°C and -80°C. Seed quality traits (germination and seedlings’ root and shoot lengths) were determined before and after the storage treatments. Additionally, early development traits in mini-pots during the first two months of development (emergence, plantlet height, plantlet root length, fresh weight of roots and shoots) were tested. The research has shown significant effects of storage temperatures to all the investigated traits of seed quality and plantlets development. The highest average values for germination and seedling root and shoot lengths were obtained after the storage at -80°C, and the lowest after storage at room temperature. The highest average values for emergence, plantlet height and roots and shoots fresh weights were obtained after the storage at -20°C, while the root length was greatest after the storage at -80°C. Tetraploid cultivar Calibra had significantly greater average values than diploid Bartwingo for all the investigated traits except for germination and primary shoot length.
There is an increased production and demand for ewes’ milk in the Republic of Croatia, as well as globally. There is also a growing concern about its quality, since milk from farm animals may become ...contaminated with mercury and other toxic elements. Thus, the aim of this paper is to determine the influence of lactation stage on the ewes’ milk quality in western Croatia by considering concentrations of mercury and other elements in ewes’ milk. The research was conducted on 36 Travnik pramenka sheep during different lactation stages. The digested milk samples were analysed with continuous flow hydride generation technique by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Samples were taken during 40th, 80th and 120th d of lactation. Yield and quality of ewes’ milk was within lactation curve. As lactation progressed, significantly lower concentrations of Hg (on 80th d compared to 40th d) and of Cd (120th d compared to 80th d) were noted, and Hg on 120th d was below the detection limit. Concentrations of Ca and Cu were lower on the 120th d compared to 40th d, while P, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, and Se were lower on the 80th and 120th d compared to the 40th d. Concentrations of K, Mo, and Cr differed among all stages of lactation. Regarding toxic elements, the observed low concentrations of Hg, Co, Cd and As suggest that ewes’ milk in western Croatia is safe for human or animal consumption.
•Yield and chemical composition of ewes’ milk was within lactation curve.•Hg and Cd decreased in ewes’ milk with lactation progress.•Majority of macro and trace elements in ewes’ milk decreased during lactation.•Hg in Ewes’ milk from W Croatia does not pose a health risk for human consumption.
Crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L. convar. Inkara) seeds were imbibed with water solution of various pH values (4, 5, 6 and 7) at various ambiental temperatures (10, 15 and 22 °C) with the aim ...to reveal treatments effects on seed (imbibition, germination energy, germination and electric conductivity) and seedling traits (stem, root and total length). Seeds were imbibed in a laboratory by the standard method for seed germination. When averaged over the inquired pH values, ambient temperature affected all the investigated traits except stem length. The highest seed imbibition (58.8%) and electric conductivity (82 μS/cm per gram) were achieved at 22 °C. The highest values for germination energy (70%), germination (68%), root length (31 mm) and total seedling length (77 mm) were achieved at 10 °C. When averaged over the inquired ambiental temperatures, the highest germination energy (71%), germination (73%), root length (34 mm) and total seedling length (78 mm) were achieved at pH 4.
Role of mineral fertilizers is to complement the soils’ indigenous supply of minerals for crop plants nutrition. Among the mineral nutrients, nitrogen is generally considered as the most ...yield-contributing. Obtaining nitrogen from legumes is potentially more sustainable than from industrial sources. Crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) has long been appreciated as cover crop grown for green manuring due to its capability for binding the atmospheric nitrogen into plant-available form. Green manuring effects of crimson clover for succeeding maize crop were tested in 2019 year on two locations of Northeastern Croatia differing in soil texture: 1) on the site A where the soil was compact and dominated by clay and 2) on the site B where the soil was loose and dominated by loam. The research was conducted in a year with favourable rainfall during maize vegetation. Results have shown that green manuring with crimson clover for maize as the main crop delivered somewhat lower maize grain and aboveground mass yields than the conventional full-dose mineral fertilization on deep fertile soils around Osijek (Northeastern Croatia). When compared to conventional agronomy, green manuring was associated with additional agrotechnical operations required for crimson clover cover crop establishment and its herbage incorporation into soil prior to seeding main maize crop. Research should be continued in more different environments (year × location combinations) in order to produce reliable evaluation of crimson clover’s green manuring services.
A research of seed storage period and storage temperature effects upon the seed quality and seedlings traits for the seeds of two perennial ryegrass cultivars (Bartwingo and Calibra) was conducted. ...Seeds were stored in hermetically sealed glass dishes at four different temperatures (room temperature about 21°C, 10°C, -20°C and -80°C) and for three different periods (9, 18 and 30 months). Upon completing the storage treatments the seed and seedling traits were tested by the rolled filter paper method. The research has revealed significant effects of storage temperature, storage period, cultivar and interactions upon all the investigated traits. The highest germination energy, germination and seedling plumule length were observed after the shortest (9-month) storage period, and the least after the longest (30-month) storage period. Seedling radicule was longest after 18-month storage period and shortest after 30 months. All the investigated traits had the highest values when seeds were stored at -80°C, and the least when the seeds were stored at room temperature. Cultivar Bartwingo has shown a greater germination energy and germination but Calibra has shown a greater seedling radicule and plumule length.
Istraživanje je provedeno u laboratorijskim uvjetima naklijavanjem kultivara sjemena bijele djeteline (Trifolium repens L.) u klima komori uz prethodno tretiranje sjemena magnetskim poljem. ...Predtretman sjemena stacioniranim magnetskim poljem od 250 mT proveden je na dva kultivara bijele djeteline, Apolo i Merlyn. Sjeme je bilo izloženo neodimijskom magnetu različitom vremenu trajanja: kontrola (bez tretmana), 5 min., 30 min. i 60 min. Ispitivanje svojstava sjemena provedeno je u klima komori po pravilima ISTA. Određena su svojstva energija klijanja i klijavost sjemena, dužina korijena i stabljike te izračunata ukupna dužina klijanaca. Vrijeme izloženosti magnetskom polju (MP) značajno je utjecalo na dužinu korijena (p<0,01) i ukupnu dužinu klijanaca (p<0,05). Između kultivara dobivene su značajne razlike za energiju klijanja i klijavost sjemena (p<0,01), dužinu stabljike i ukupnu dužinu klijanaca (p<0,05). Kultivari su različito reagirali na vrijeme izloženosti magnetskom polju te su dobivene značajne interakcije između tretmana MP i kultivara za sva ispitivana svojstva osim za dužinu stabljike klijanaca.
The study was carried out under laboratory conditions by germinating cultivars of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) in a climate chamber with pretreatment of the seeds with a magnetic field. The pretreatment of the seeds with a stationary magnetic field of 250 mT was carried out on two white clover varieties, Apolo and Merlyn. The seeds was exposed to a neodymium magnet for different times: control (no treatment), 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 60 minutes. Seed properties was tested in a climate chamber according to ISTA rules. The properties of germination energy and seed germination, root and stem length and total seedling length were calculated. The time of exposure to the magnetic field (MF) significantly influenced root length (p<0.01) and total seedling length (p<0.05). Significant differences between cultivars were found for germination energy and seed germination (p<0.01), stem length and total seedling length (p<0.05). Cultivars responded differently to the time of magnetic field exposure and significant interactions were found between MF treatment and cultivars for all tested traits except seedling stem length.
Istraživanje je provedeno u poljskim uvjetima, uz navodnjavanje, sa sortom jagode Clery. Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati utjecaj folijarne primjene biostimulatora na bazi ekstrakta bobica i morskih ...algi na prinos i kvalitetu ploda jagode (sadržaj šećera, kiselina i antocijana). Pokus je postavljen po slučajnom blok sustavu u 4 ponavljanja. Na usjevu jagoda primijenjeni su tretmani: 1. kontrola, 2. konvencionalna gnojidba NPK (10-52-10), 3. 30% reducirana konvencionalna gnojidba NPK, 4. 30% reducirana konvencionalna gnojidba + biostimulator. Zbog sušnih uvjeta uzgoja NPK gnojivo primijenjeno je folijarno. Statističkom analizom podataka dobivene su značajne razlike između tretmana u prinosu ploda jagode i sadržaju ukupnih antocijanina. U usporedbi s kontrolom biostimulator imao je utjecaj na prinos jagode i sadržaj ukupnih antocijanina, ali ne na sadržaj šećera i kiselina u plodu jagode.
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