Constitutive models based on fractional calculus are utilized to investigate the viscoelastic response of thermally activated shape memory polymers (SMPs). Fractional calculus-based viscoelastic ...equations are fitted to experimental data existing in literature compared with traditional viscoelastic models. In addition, a fractional rheology model is applied to simulate the isothermal recovery of an amorphous SMP. The fit results show a significant improvement in the description of the strain recovery response of SMP by the fractional calculus method.
To observe the effect of surgical procedures and general anesthesia exposure (<2 h) in early childhood on neurodevelopmental outcomes in school-age.
A total of 147 children aged 6-12 years old, who ...received surgery under general anesthesia (<2 h) at the age of 0-2 years in Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical Universityfrom June 2009 to December 2012 were retrospectively enrolled in this study (from June 2018 to December 2021) as exposure group, including 76 males and 71 females, with a mean age of (8.8±1.6) years. All the cases were divided into single-exposure group (
=65) and multiple-exposure group (≥2 times,
=82) according to different times of anesthesia exposure. According to the cohort of exposure group, 160 healthy children of the same age with no history of surgery under general anesthesia were recruited from the community from June 2018 to December 2021 as the control group, including 87 males and 73 females, and aged (8.6±1.9) years. A variety of standardized neurological tests including Wechsle
Adaptable design: Concepts, methods, and applications Gu, P; Xue, D; Nee, A Y C
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part B, Journal of engineering manufacture,
11/2009, Letnik:
223, Številka:
11
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Abstract
Increasing competition in the global marketplace demands products with better functionality, higher quality, lower cost, shorter delivery lead time, and increased environmental friendliness. ...Although advanced manufacturing technologies can partially address these challenges, advanced design technologies are considered critical, since most design and manufacturing properties of a product are influenced by the design decisions made in the early design stages. This paper provides a comprehensive review on a new design paradigm — adaptable design — that aims at developing adaptable products to satisfy the various requirements of customers. The topics discussed in this review include the fundamental concepts, objectives, methodologies, and applications. The paper also presents the differences between adaptable design and other design methods, such as modular design, platform design, and product customization. The focus is on mechanical product design; however, potential applications of adaptable design in other disciplines are also briefly mentioned.
Increasing competition for better product functionality, quality, features, customization, environmental friendliness, lower cost and shorter delivery time presents unprecedented challenges for ...product manufacturing enterprises. These challenges cannot be completely addressed by advanced manufacturing technologies alone as some of which are originated from product design. Advanced design technologies and tools for early product design processes are critically needed where most important decisions are made with respect to the product functionality, quality, manufacturability, cost and environmental performance. This paper discusses adaptable design (AD) as a design paradigm for both business success and environmental protection. Adaptable design aims at developing products that are adaptable in their design and/or their production. Adaptability is defined as the extension of the utility (service) of products. Two types of adaptabilities are proposed as product adaptability and design adaptability. Two types of design adaptations are also identified, which include foreseeable specific adaptations and unforeseeable general adaptations. The former can be described by specific adaptability and the latter by general adaptability. Three key elements of AD are presented including functions independence, a measure of adaptability and a function based design process model of the AD. Based on these concepts and design objectives, adaptable design methods and general design guidelines are proposed. Examples are included to illustrate the concepts, design methods and guidelines.
To investigate the diagnostic value of low dose of dual-source CT venography examination for DVT (deep venous thrombosis).
A total of 60 patients from Nanjing First Hospital with suspected DVT ...underwent indirect low dose CTV examination and treatment of DSA from January to December, 2017, and recording the radiation dose for CTV.DSA as the gold standard, calculate the sensitivity, specificity of CTV,
consistency test was used to exam the results of CTV and DSA.
test was used to check statistical difference between two examinations.
A total of 60 patients, 780 blood vessels took CTV examinations, 326 were positive; 420 blood vessels took DSA examinations, 332 were positive.DSA as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, of DVT detection by CTV were 96.2% and 92.6%,
=0.860,
<0.05, and the result of
test was
=0.263.
Low dose of dual-source indirect CTV examination for DVT can not only reduce radiation dose for the patients, but also has a high clinical value in the diagnosis of DVT.
To analyze the clinical application value of a novel magnetic navigation ultrasound (MNU) combined with digital subtraction angiography (DSA) dual-guided percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage ...(PTCD) through the right hepatic duct for the treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice.
Randomized controlled trial. The clinical data of 64 patients with malignant obstructive jaundice requiring PTCD through the right hepatic duct at the Hepatobiliary Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Province People's Hospital) from December 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The MNU group (
=32) underwent puncture guided by a novel domestic MNU combined with DSA, and the control group (
=32) underwent puncture guided by traditional DSA. The operation time, number of punctures, X-ray dose after biliary stenting as shown by DSA, patients' tolerance of the operation, success rate of the operation, pre- and post-operative total bilirubin, and incidence of postoperative
Chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (cHP) is a disease caused by exposure to inhaled environmental antigens. Diagnosis of cHP is influenced by the awareness of the disease prevalence, which varies ...significantly in different regions, and how clinicians utilize relevant clinical information. We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate how clinicians in the Southeast United States, where the climate is humid favoring mold growth, diagnosed cHP using items identified in the international modified Delphi survey of experts, i.e., environmental exposure, CT imaging and lung pathology, METHODS: We searched Duke University Medical Center database for patients over the age of 18 with a diagnosis of cHP (ICD-9 code: 495) between Jan. 1, 2008 to Dec. 31, 2013 using a query tool, Duke Enterprise Data Unified Content Explorer (DEDUCE).
Five hundred patients were identified and 261 patients had cHP confirmed in clinic notes by a pulmonologist or an allergist. About half of the patients lived in the Research Triangle area where our medical center is located, giving an estimated prevalence rate of 6.5 per 100,000 persons. An exposure source was mentioned in 69.3% of the patient. The most common exposure sources were environmental molds (43.1%) and birds (26.0%). We used Venn diagram to evaluate how the patients met the three most common cHP diagnostic criteria: evidence of environmental exposures (history or precipitin) (E), chest CT imaging (C) and pathology from lung biopsies (P). Eighteen patients (6.9%) met none of three criteria. Of the remaining 243 patients, 135 patients (55.6%) had one (E 35.0%, C 3.3%, P 17.3%), 81 patients (33.3%) had two (E + C 12.3%, E + P 17.3%, C + P 4.9%), and 27 patients (11.1%) had all three criteria (E + C + P). Overall, 49.4% of patients had pathology from lung biopsy compared to 31.6% with CT scan.
Environmental mold was the most common exposure for cHP in the Southeast United States. Lung pathology was available in more than half of cHP cases in our tertiary care center, perhaps reflecting the complexity of referrals. Differences in exposure sources and referral patterns should be considered in devising future diagnostic pathways or guidelines for cHP.
The field of Design Theory and Methodology has a rich collection of research results that has been taught at educational institutions as well as applied to design practices. First, this keynote paper ...describes some methods to classify them. It then illustrates individual theories and methodologies focusing on industrial and educational use. Theories and methodologies that are found most practically useful are “math-based methods”, “methodologies to achieve concrete design goals,” and “process methodologies”, while at educational institutes in addition to these, traditional design methodologies are also taught. The paper discusses this gap between practical and educational usages.
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