Full dilatation caesarean sections are associated with recurrent early spontaneous preterm birth and late miscarriage. The risk following first stage caesarean sections, are less well defined, but ...appears to be increased in late-first stage of labour. The mechanism for this increased risk of late miscarriage and early spontaneous preterm birth in these women is unknown and there are uncertainties with regards to clinical management. Current predictive models of preterm birth (based on transvaginal ultrasound and quantitative fetal fibronectin) have not been validated in these women and it is unknown whether the threshold to define a short cervix (≤25 mm) is reliable in predicting the risk of preterm birth. In addition the efficacy of standard treatments or whether benefit may be derived from prophylactic interventions such as a cervical cerclage is unknown.
There are three distinct components to the CRAFT project (CRAFT-OBS, CRAFT-RCT and CRAFT-IMG).
Observational Study; To evaluate subsequent pregnancy risk of preterm birth in women with a prior caesarean section in established labour. This prospective study of cervical length and quantitative fetal fibronectin data will establish a predictive model of preterm birth.
Randomised controlled trial arm; To assess treatment for short cervix in women at high risk of preterm birth following a fully dilated caesarean section.
Imaging sub-study; To evaluate the use of MRI and transvaginal ultrasound imaging of micro and macrostructural cervical features which may predispose to preterm birth in women with a previous fully dilated caesarean section, such as scar position and niche.
The CRAFT project will quantify the risk of preterm birth or late miscarriage in women with previous in-labour caesarean section, define the best management and shed light on pathological mechanisms so as to improve the care we offer to women and their babies.
CRAFT was prospectively registered on 25th November 2019 with the ISRCTN registry ( https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN15068651 ).
The 'convergence hypothesis' is discussed -- the notion that media worldwide are converging toward a single global model, a liberal system dominated by commercial media & by a professional culture ...oriented toward consumers, factual reporting, political independence, & the objectivity norm. Recent challenges to that same liberal model indicate that a diversity of models is likely to prevail in the coming years. Part of a special journal issue discussing the future of journalism. Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Ltd., copyright 2009.
"A first-rate book which throws new light on the topic"--The Washington Post Book World. "This splendid study of the way the media actually covered the war is among the best and most important books ...published on the war in Vietnam"--History Book Review. This incisive history of the role of the media in Vietnam shows that, far from being consistently hostile to U.S. policy, journalists closely followed the official line until almost the end of the conflict.
Samples of network evening news broadcasts gathered Sept-Oct during each presidential election year 1968-1988 are used to show that the average sound bite has declined from 43 to 9 seconds. This ...change is interpreted as part of a general shift in the style of TV news toward a more mediated, journalist-centered form of journalism. Three factors help explain this change: (1) the evolution of TV "know-how," (2) the weakening of political consensus & authority during the last twenty years, & (3) changes in the economics of the industry. Implications for journalism in the 1990s are discussed. 5 Tables, 2 Figures, 22 References. Adapted from the source document.
International News and Global Integration Curran, James; Esser, Frank; Hallin, Daniel C. ...
Journalism studies (London, England),
20/2/1/, Letnik:
18, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
This study challenges the ruling orthodoxy that foreign news tends to be reported in divergent ways, reflecting the interests and identity of the home nation. Instead it concludes that the Greek and ...US elections in 2012 were reported in very similar ways in the leading news media of five countries located in different continents. In the case of the 2012 Chinese election, there were striking affinities in the news reporting of four out of five countries. Powerful forces that make for global conformity include the dominance of a small number of international news agencies, the emergence of a transnational journalistic culture, the hegemony of market liberal thought, the legacy of the Cold War, and the shared perspectives of allied states.
Media and Democratization in Latin America Porto, Mauro P.; Hallin, Daniel C.
The international journal of press/politics,
07/2009, Letnik:
14, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
This special issue of the International Journal of Press/Politics presents exemplars of recent and innovative scholarship about the linkages between media and politics in Latin America. Our purpose ...as guest editors was to go beyond a descriptive presentation of particular Latin American cases, focusing instead on studies of political communication in Latin America that contribute to advance the field more generally. The project emerged during the seminar "Media and Democratization in Latin America" that we organized at Tulane University in the fall of 2007, where the first drafts of some articles that offers important and original contributions to political communication research while at the same time addressing themes that are essential for understanding Latin America's complex and contradictory processes of democratization. Reprinted by permission; copyright Sage Publications Inc.
Resumen En este artículo se explora la mediatización de las epidemias como objeto de conocimiento público, mediante un análisis de contenido de las noticias sobre la gripe A (H1N1) de 2009 en ...Argentina, Estados Unidos y Venezuela. Los resultados indican que los periódicos siguieron los esfuerzos de las autoridades sanitarias de movilizar la atención pública y, simultáneamente, contener la alarma exagerada y los discursos sobre el virus.
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