We establish the two-dimensional asymptotic distributions of the logarithm
and logarithmic derivative of $L$-functions associated with a family of cubic
Hecke characters. A crucial ingredient in the ...proof of our main result is an
exponential decay estimate for the characteristic functions of the
distributions.
A 10nm logic platform technology is presented for low power and high performance application with the tightest contacted poly pitch (CPP) of 64nm and metallization pitch of 48nm ever reported in the ...FinFET technology on both bulk and SOI substrate. A 0.053um 2 SRAM bit-cell is reported with a corresponding Static Noise Margin (SNM) of 140mV at 0.75V. Intensive multi-patterning technology and various self-aligned processes have been developed with 193i lithography to overcome optical patterning limit. Multi-workfunction (WF) gate stack has been enabled to provide Vt tunability without the variability degradation induced by channel dopants.
L'éthanol est converti, à 350°C sous 30 bar et sur des zéolithes protoniques, en un mélange de paraffines légères et d'aromatiques ; produits incorporables dans le pool essence. Cependant, la ...transformation de EtOH sur zéolithes acides conduit à la formation du coke. Des techniques physiques avancées, en particulier les techniques MALDI et LDI-TOF MS, couplées à la méthode d'analyse qui consiste à récupérer dans un solvant les molécules carbonées après dissolution de la zéolithe dans HF, contribuent à caractériser finement le coke. Sa composition dépend du catalyseur : sur HBEA(11), zéolithe à larges pores, 17 familles ont été détectées contre 4 sur HZSM-5(40) de taille de pore intermédiaire. Sur cette dernière, le coke, composé de polyalkybenzènes / naphtalènes / phénalènes et pyrènes, est localisé à l'intersection des canaux et a une toxicité vis-à-vis des sites acides de Brønsted de 1. En dépit d'un empoisonnement total, cette zéolithe est toujours capable de convertir EtOH, comme MeOH, en hydrocarbures et qui plus est avec les mêmes sélectivités en produits. La transformation de ces deux alcools ne s'explique pas par un mécanisme classique de catalyse acide, mais par un mécanisme concerté radicalaire-acide. La présence d'un inhibiteur de radicaux dans la charge réactionnelle, l'hydroquinone, provoque une désactivation immédiate et une diminution de la concentration des radicaux. La transformation de EtOH et MeOH passe par un intermédiaire réactionnel commun, le carbène :CH2, dont l'oligomérisation radicalaire conduit à la formation d'oléfines. Ces oléfines légères (n-O3-n-O5) sont très réactives et se transforment par catalyse acide (oligomérisation / cyclisation / t
Ethanol is converted into light paraffins and aromatics mixture at 350°C under 30 bar over protonic zeolites. These products can be incorporated in the gasoline pool. Nevertheless, EtOH transformation over acid zeolites leads to the formation of the coke. Advanced physical techniques, in particular MALDI and LDI-TOF MS, were coupled to the coke analysis method. This method consists of the recovery of the carbonaceous molecules in a solvent after zeolite dissolution in hydrofluoric acid solution. This coupling allows characterizing the coke through an extensive way. The coke composition depends on the catalyst morphology: over HBEA(11) zeolite of large pores, 17 families were detected while 4 over HZSM-5(40) of intermediate pore size. Over this latter, the coke, composed of polyalkylbenzenes/naphtalenes/phenalenes and pyrenes, is located in the channels intersections and has toxicity of 1 towards Brønsted acid sites. In spite of a total poisoning, HZSM-5 zeolite is always able to convert EtOH, like MeOH, into hydrocarbons with the same products selectivity. The transformation of the two alcohols cannot be explained by a classical mechanism of acid catalysis, but by a cooperative radical-acid mechanism. The presence of a radical inhibitor in the feed, the hydroquinone, causes an immediate deactivation and a decrease in the concentration of radicals. The transformation of EtOH and MeOH passed by the common reaction intermediate, the :CH2 carbene, which its radical oligomerization leads to the formation of olefins. Olefins (n-O3-n-O5) are very active and can be transformed through acid catalysis (oligomerization/cyclisation/Hydrogen transfer) into aromatics or undergo isomer
Absolute is the plant aroma isolate mostly used in the food and fragrance sectors. The use of organic solvents constitutes the most commonly used method for obtaining this aroma. However, this ...technique may leave trace amounts of solvents which are considered undesirable for these industries. In this work, a new green extraction approach was implemented using ultrasound (US) with sunflower oil (SO) as a natural solvent to produce green absolute from thyme (Thymus vulgaris). US optimal conditions for absolute yield were investigated using response surface methodology (RSM) and compared to conventional SO (SO-CV) and hexane (Hex-CV) extractions. The absolutes were analyzed by GC–MS for their chemical composition and tested for their antioxidant activities (total phenols, DPPH and frying test).
Optimized conditions obtained by RSM for absolute yield were T = 50 °C, t = 22 min, P = 98 W. The US using SO as solvent offers important advantages: shorter extraction time, increase of 47% in absolute yield compared to SO-CV extraction. Although the absolute obtained by hexane extraction provided improved yield (8.64 g/100 g DW), it contained around 75% of waxy materials. GC–MS analysis showed no remarkable variation of the chemical composition of the absolutes compared to those obtained by hexane extraction. Moreover, the US extraction allowed the highest recovery of monoterpene phenols thymol and carvacrol (86.2%). The absolute obtained by SO-US was free from waxes and organic solvent residues and exerted the highest antioxidant activity. Results show that ultrasound extraction using SO is a good alternative. It suggests the possibility of the production of green absolutes on pilot and industrial scale.
Abstract
We have previously shown that anti-tumor T cell response is triggered by anti-CD20-mAb in mice bearing EL4-huCD20 tumor cells, a murine tumor expressing human CD20+ (huCD20) molecule. To ...define huCD20-derived epitopes that might be targeted by mAb-induced adaptive responses, we have selected different candidate peptides restricted to Kb, Db, and I-Ab, based on in silico prediction and in vitro binding to recombinant MHC molecules. Naive C57Bl/6 mice were then immunized with different mixtures of these peptides and subsequently challenged with EL4-huCD20 tumor cells. A longer survival could be achieved in mice immunized with MHCI and MHCII huCD20-derived peptide mixtures corresponding to various regions of the human CD20 molecule. Then, we defined in the same regions twenty-three huCD20-derived peptides with high in vitro binding to human MHCI and MHCII molecules frequent in Caucasian populations. The use of humanized HLA-DR1/HLA-A2.1 transgenic mice injected with EL4-huCD20 tumor cells and of NIH/3T3 cells expressing accessory and human HLA-DR1 or A2.1 molecules loaded with the candidate peptides made it possible to define 4 MHCI-restricted and 13 MHCII-restricted CD20-derived peptides capable of stimulating IFN-gamma production by specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. These findings support further studies on the identification and characterization of CD20-specific T cells in anti-CD20-treated follicular lymphoma patients. The definition of CD20-derived immunogenic epitopes also paves the way for the search of new biomarkers correlating with the clinical outcome of patients.
Citation Format: Sophie Siberil, Benoit Milcent, Quentin Riller, Claire Deligne, Mohamad Hamieh, Olivier Toutirais, Jean-Baptiste Latouche, Jean-Luc Teillaud. Deciphering CD20 immunogenicity to generate protective anti-tumor CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. abstract. In: Proceedings of the CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR Inaugural International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; September 16-19, 2015; New York, NY. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2016;4(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B119.
In this article, we prove an asymptotic formula for the mean value of long smoothed Dirichlet polynomials with divisor coefficients. Our result has a main term that includes all lower order terms and ...a power saving error term. This is derived from a more general theorem on mean values of long smoothed Dirichlet polynomials that was previously established by the second and third authors. We thus establish a stronger form of a conjecture of Conrey and Gonek in the case of divisor functions.
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