Background
To determine the utility of diagnostic 18F-DCPyL PSMA-PET/CT to aid management of men with highly suspicious multiparametric MRI prostate (PIRAD 4–5 lesions) and discrepant negative ...prostate biopsy.
Methods
A multicentre prospective consecutive case series was conducted (2018–2021), recruiting men with prior mpMRI prostate PIRADS 4–5 lesions and negative prostate biopsy. All men had 18F-DCPyL PSMA-PET/CT with subsequent management based on the concordance between MRI and PET: (1) Concordant lesions were biopsied using in-bore MRI targeting; (2) PSMA-PET/CT avidity without MRI correlate were biopsied using cognitive/software targeting with ultrasound guidance and (3) Patients with negative PET/CT were returned to standard of care follow-up.
Results
29 patients were recruited with 48% (
n
= 14) having concordant MRI/PET abnormalities. MRI targeted biopsy found prostate cancer in six patients, with grade groups GG3 (
n
= 1), GG2 (
n
= 1), GG1 (
n
= 4) found. Of the 20 men who PSMA-PET/CT avidity and biopsy, analysis showed higher SUVmax (20.1 vs 6.8,
p
= 0.036) predicted prostate cancer. Of patients who had PSMA-PET avidity without MRI correlate, and those with no PSMA-PET avidity, only one patient was subsequently found to have prostate cancer (GG1). The study is limited by small size and short follow-up of 17 months (IQR 12.5–29.9).
Conclusions
PSMA-PET/CT is useful in this group of men but requires further investigation. Avidity (higher SUVmax) that correlates to the mpMRI prostate lesion should be considered for targeted biopsy.
While much is known about attitudes towards police and weapon carriage independently, it is unclear whether the two are associated. In the current study, we explored this potential association and ...whether it was moderated by race in a sample of adolescents. After adjusting for age, gender, perceived risk of victimization, and violence victimization, logistic regression models indicated that more positive attitudes toward police were associated with lower weapon carriage. In particular, among Black youth, the association between attitudes toward police and weapon carriage was larger than non-Black youth. Our results suggest that race plays an important role in this association. Efforts to build positive community-police relationships may be an effective strategy for reducing weapon carriage and ultimately, injury and fatality.
Abstract
The Kuiper Belt objects (KBOs), the Centaurs, and the Jupiter-family comets (JFCs) form an evolutionary continuum of small outer solar system objects, and their study allows us to gain ...insight into the history and evolution of the solar system. Broadband photometry can be used to measure their phase curves, allowing a first-order probe into the surface properties of these objects, though limited telescope time makes measuring accurate phase curves difficult. We make use of serendipitous broadband photometry from the long-baseline, high-cadence Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System survey to measure the phase curves for a sample of 18 KBOs, Centaurs, and JFCs with unprecedentedly large data sets. We find phase curves with previously reported negative slopes become positive with increased data and are thus due to insufficient sampling of the phase-curve profile, and not a real physical effect. We search for correlations between phase-curve parameters, finding no strong correlations between any parameter pair, consistent with the findings of previous studies. We search for instances of cometary activity in our sample, finding a previously reported outburst by Echeclus and a new epoch of increased activity by Chiron. Applying the main belt asteroid
HG
1
G
2
phase-curve model to three JFCs in our sample with large phase angle spans, we find their slope parameters imply surfaces more consistent with those of carbonaceous main belt asteroids than silicaceous ones.
Decades of research on fear of victimization suggest individuals draw upon their perceived risk of victimization in their development of fear, in what has become known as the risk assessment ...framework. Drawing on recent research on the influence of school climate on student reports of fear and safety, the current study seeks to determine whether school climate influences student risk perceptions and fear, consistent with the risk assessment framework. Utilizing a sample of elementary and high school students in Flint, Michigan, findings reveal that school climate is not correlated with student fear after accounting for factors such as prior student victimization, school disorder, and the perceived risk of victimization. Implications for these findings are discussed.
Males of the tropical ant Cardiocondyla obscurior are either wingless and aggressive or winged and docile, and both compete for access to virgin queens in the nest. Although the fighter males ...(ergatoids) attack and kill other ergatoids, they tolerate and even attempt to mate with their winged rivals. Here we show that the winged males avoid the aggression of wingless males by mimicking the chemical bouquet of virgin queens, but that their mating success is not reduced as a result. This example of female mimicry by vigorous males is surprising, as in other species it is typically used as a protective strategy by weaker males, and may explain the coexistence and equal mating success of two male morphs.
Workers in de-queened colonies of the neotropical ant, Pachycondyla cf. inversa, form linear or near-linear dominance hierarchies by violent antennation and biting. In these rank orders, social ...status and ovarian activity are on average highly correlated. Whereas the presence of a fertile queen appears to be sufficient to prevent workers from laying eggs, fertile workers do not completely control reproduction by their nestmates, suggesting that workers are able to differentiate between an egg-laying queen and an egg-laying worker. Here we show that the composition of cuticular hydrocarbons of egg-laying workers is quantitatively and qualitatively different from that of non-laying workers and resembles the hydrocarbon blend of the queen but does not completely match it. Furthermore, using discriminant analysis, it was possible to distinguish workers with four different classes of ovarian development based only on their cuticular hydrocarbon profiles. Fertility-associated changes in cuticular hydrocarbons may play an important role in the behavioural regulation of reproduction in this ant.
To validate the ability of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) clinical classification criteria and the ACR clinical plus radiographic classification criteria for osteoarthritis of the knee to ...predict articular cartilage damage.
Ninety subjects with knee osteoarthritis (OA) who were enrolled in a prospective study determining the therapeutic efficacy of arthroscopic irrigation were characterized as to whether they fulfilled the ACR clinical classification criteria or the ACR clinical plus radiographic classification criteria. Ten rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients were included as controls. Cartilage damage was defined using the ACR/Knee Arthroscopy Osteoarthritis Scale (ACR/KAOS) system, which is a validated outcome instrument for knee OA based on arthroscopic visualization. Mean values of the damage scores in each group were calculated and compared by
t-test to determine statistical significance between the 3 groups.
The mean ACR/KAOS score for the 10 RA patients was 1.8 SD 1.22; range 0 to 4. Of the 90 OA patients who underwent arthroscopy, only 73 patients had sufficient videotape to make an accurate assessment by the blinded assessor. The mean ACR/KAOS score for the 6 OA patients who fulfilled only the ACR clinical classification was 17.4 SD 11.3; range 5 to 34.3 and the mean ACR/KAOS score for the 67 patients who fulfilled the ACR clinical plus radiographic classification criteria was 42.0 SD 29.1; range 5.1 to 118.4. These differences were statistically significant (RA versus OA clinical
P = 0.02; RA versus OA clinical + radiographic
P ≤ 0.01). Nonparametric multivariate analysis did not reveal significant correlations between ACR/KAOS scores and WOMAC global scores (
r = 0.11,
P = 0.39), patient VAS (
r = 0.29,
P = 0.022), and age (
r = 0.29,
P = 0.08).
The ACR clinical and clinical plus radiographic criteria for OA of the knee accurately predict cartilage damage as assessed by arthroscopy. Furthermore, the ACR clinical classification criteria identify OA patients with cartilage damage before any radiographic change, while the ACR clinical plus radiographic classification criteria identify OA patients with more severe cartilage damage.
The ACR classification criteria correlates well with articular cartilage damage in patients with OA.
Vega may have a massive companion in a wide orbit, as evidenced by structure in its cold dust debris. We have tested this hypothesis by direct imaging with adaptive optics in the M band. The ...observations were made with a newly commissioned thermal infrared camera, Clio, on the 6.5 MMT AO system with low-background deformable secondary mirror. The observations constrain a planet to be less than 7 M sub(J) at the approximate position angle expected from the dust structure and at a radius >20 AU (2."5). This result is more stringent than similar previous near-infrared observations of Vega, which achieved limits of 20 and 10 M sub(J) at separations of 7". The higher sensitivity is due to both the more favorable contrast of gas giant planets at the M band and the higher Strehl ratio and more stable point spread function at longer wavelengths. Future L or M band observations could provide a powerful approach for wide-separation planet detection, especially for cooler and thus older or less massive planets. The natural best targets are nearby stars, where planets in the range of 5-15 M sub(J) and as old as several Gyr are expected to be detectable with this technique.
The Impact and Recovery of Asteroid 2018 LA Jenniskens, Peter; Gabadirwe, Mohutsiwa; Yin, Qing-Zhu ...
Meteoritics & planetary science,
April 2021, Letnik:
56, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The June 2, 2018 impact of asteroid 2018 LA over Botswana is only the second asteroid detected in space prior to impacting over land. Here, we report on the successful recovery of meteorites. ...Additional astrometric data refine the approach orbit and define the spin period and shape of the asteroid. Video observations of the fireball constrain the asteroid's position in its orbit and were used to triangulate the location of the fireball's main flare over the Central Kalahari Game Reserve. Twenty-three meteorites were recovered. A consortium study of eight of these classifies Motopi Pan as an HED polymict breccia derived from howardite, cumulate and basaltic eucrite, and diogenite lithologies. Before impact, 2018 LA was a solid rock of ~156 cm diameter with high bulk density ~2.85 g cm^(−3), a relatively low albedo pV ~ 0.25, no significant opposition effect on the asteroid brightness, and an impact kinetic energy of ~0.2 kt. The orbit of 2018 LA is consistent with an origin at Vesta (or its Vestoids) and delivery into an Earth-impacting orbit via the ν6 resonance. The impact that ejected 2018 LA in an orbit toward Earth occurred 22.8 ± 3.8 Ma ago. Zircons record a concordant U-Pb age of 4563 ± 11 Ma and a consistent 207Pb/206Pb age of 4563 ± 6 Ma. A much younger Pb-Pb phosphate resetting age of 4234 ± 41 Ma was found. From this impact chronology, we discuss what is the possible source crater of Motopi Pan and the age of Vesta's Veneneia impact basin.
We have obtained deep adaptive optics (AO) images of Vega and epsilon Eri to search for planetary mass companions. We observed at the MMT in the L' (3.8 mum) and M (4.8 mum) bands using Clio, a ...recently commissioned imager optimized for these wavelengths. Observing at these long wavelengths represents a departure from the H band (1.65 mum) more commonly used for AO imaging searches for extrasolar planets. The long wavelengths offer better predicted planet/star flux ratios and cleaner (higher Strehl) AO images at the cost of lower diffraction-limited resolution and higher sky background. We have not detected any planets or planet candidates around Vega or epsilon Eri. We report the sensitivities obtained around both stars, which correspond to upper limits on any planetary companions which may exist. The sensitivities of our L'- and M-band observations are comparable to those of the best H-regime observations of these stars. For epsilon Eri, our M-band observations deliver considerably better sensitivity to close-in planets than any previously published results, and we show that the M band is by far the best wavelength choice for attempts at ground-based AO imaging of the known planet epsilon Eri b. The Clio camera itself, with MMTAO, may be capable of detecting epsilon Eri b at its 2010 apastron, given a multinight observing campaign. Clio appears to be the only currently existing AO imager that has a realistic possibility of detecting epsilon Eri b.
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