Some people experience persistent symptoms after a concussion that greatly affect occupational performance.
To evaluate the feasibility and preliminary effect of metacognitive strategy training in a ...sample of adults with postconcussive symptoms.
Single-group, prospective design.
University research laboratory.
Adults with persistent concussive symptoms affecting function (N = 14).
Ten 45-min sessions of a metacognitive strategy training intervention, Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP).
Assessed feasibility outcomes included recruitment, retention, and adherence rates, and intervention acceptability was evaluated with the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire-8. The preliminary effect was measured on occupational performance (Canadian Occupational Performance Measure), concussive symptoms (Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory), sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory), vision (College of Optometrists in Vision Development-Quality of Life Outcomes Assessment), and cognition outcomes (Dysexecutive Questionnaire, Weekly Calendar Planning Activity, and National Institutes of Health Toolbox Cognition Battery).
Acceptable recruitment (32%), retention (93%), and adherence rates (100%) were observed, along with a high level of acceptability to participants. Large intervention effects were present for occupational performance, general concussive symptoms, and cognitive functioning.
Findings suggest that the CO-OP is feasible to administer for adults with postconcussive symptoms and perceived as suitable for the needs of this population. Feasibility findings, coupled with improvements in occupational performance outcomes, provide the foundation for a future larger scale trial. Plain-Language Summary: The Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance intervention is practical to use to address the functional impact of persistent concussive symptoms in adults. Further research is needed to evaluate the efficacy of the CO-OP intervention with this population.
Little is known about how and to what extent persistent concussive symptoms affect occupational performance in adults.
To evaluate the impact of persistent postconcussive symptoms on occupational ...performance.
A cross-sectional study design was used in which the occupational performance needs of adults with persistent concussion symptoms were identified by a trained occupational therapist via semistructured interview.
University research space.
Adults ages 18 to 60 yr experiencing persistent concussion symptoms.
Occupational performance was evaluated using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. Data were then categorized by two researchers using the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework: Domain and Process (4th ed.).
The most commonly affected occupational performance areas included education and work, social participation, and performance of instrumental activities of daily living.
Aligning with prior knowledge of the impact of psychosocial difficulties and higher order cognitive deficits on daily life, performance of complex occupations is heavily affected in adults with persistent concussive symptoms. Plain-Language Summary: The functional impact of symptoms that adults experience postconcussion becomes apparent as they return to their life occupations. The results of this study showed that adults with persistent concussive symptoms more commonly experienced occupational challenges with participation in education, social activities, and the performance of instrumental activities of daily living, with subtle, important variations in symptoms across adults. Detailed, client-centered evaluation of occupational performance changes postconcussion is an area of potential growth for occupational therapy practice and research.
Screening Tools: They're So Quick! What's the Issue? Boone, Anna E; Henderson, Whitney L; Dunn, Winnie
The American journal of occupational therapy,
2022-Mar-01, 2022-03-01, 20220301, Letnik:
76, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Screening tools are needed in occupational therapy practice to determine which clients require formal evaluation. Because screening tools also tell us who does not require formal evaluation, they are ...key to improved clinical efficiency. Screening tools are brief, easy to administer, and often freely available. These qualities also lead to misuse of screening tools, including using them to measure progress over time or to serve as a confirmatory assessment on which to base treatment planning. We present additional common missteps of screening tool use, including a lack of consideration for a tool's psychometric properties, and exemplars of these common misuses in adult and pediatric practice. Finally, we offer solutions to address these concerns.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND
There is limited information on depression in Haitians and this is partly attributable to the absence of culturally and linguistically adapted measures for depression.
OBJECTIVE
...To perform a psychometric evaluation of the Haitian-Creole version of the PHQ-9 administered to men who have sex with men (MSM) in the Republic of Haiti.
DESIGN
This study uses a cross-sectional design and data are from the Integrated Behavioral and Biological HIV Survey (IBBS) for MSM in Haiti.
PARTICIPANTS
Inclusion criteria required that participants be male, ≥ 18 years, report sexual relations with a male partner in the last 12 months, and lived in Haiti during the past 3 months. Respondent Driven Sampling was used for participant recruitment.
MAIN MEASURES
A structured questionnaire was verbally administered in Haitian-Creole capturing information on sociodemographics, sexual behaviors, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status and depressive symptomatology using the PHQ-9. Psychometric analyses of the translated PHQ-9 assessed unidimensionality, factor structure, reliability, construct validity, and differential item functioning (DIF) across subgroups (age, educational level, sexual orientation and HIV status).
KEY RESULTS
In a study population of 1,028 MSM, the Haitian-Creole version of the PHQ-9 is unidimensional, has moderately high internal consistency reliability (α = 0.78), and shows evidence of construct validity where HIV-positive subjects have greater depression (
p
= 0.002). There is no evidence of DIF across age, education, sexual orientation or HIV status. HIV-positive MSM are twice as likely to screen positive for
moderately severe
and
severe
depressive symptoms compared to their HIV-negative counterparts.
CONCLUSIONS
There is strong evidence for the psychometric adequacy of the translated PHQ-9 screening tool as a measure of depression with MSM in Haiti. Future research is necessary to examine the predictive validity of depression for subsequent health behaviors or clinical outcomes among Haitian MSM.
The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to examine changes in content knowledge, clinical reasoning, and metacognition with occupational therapy students involved in course design (collaborative ...participants), with participants engaged in flipped classroom model only (course participants), and to compare results between the collaborative and course participants. Forty-three occupational therapy students participated in this study. Researchers administered three pre- and post-test questionnaires and completed three focus groups. Results demonstrated both groups experienced growth in active learning and clinical reasoning and changed their perception of student involvement. The collaborative participants demonstrated additional benefits of development of relationships, increased accountability, and improved metacognitive learning.
Occupational therapy education must teach using contemporary and evidence-based practices that yield graduates with clinical reasoning skills to successfully practice in dynamic and challenging ...environments. Researchers used a mixed-methods research design to identify the most frequently used and valued instructional methods for developing clinical reasoning with entry-level occupational therapy students. Researchers recruited full-time educators teaching in entry-level occupational therapy programs throughout the United States. Ninety-two occupational therapy educators completed the survey for the quantitative portion of the study. Subsequently, six occupational therapy educators participated in an interview for the qualitative portion of the study. Participants most frequently used laboratory experiences and least frequently used rotating chair discussion for developing clinical reasoning. Participants perceived experiential learning as the most valuable and rotating chair discussion as the least valuable instructional method for developing clinical reasoning. The three themes of the educator, the student, and the environment emerged from the qualitative data. Outcomes suggest occupational therapy educators must embrace the role of facilitator and continue to explore a variety of effective instructional methods. In order to achieve this role, occupational therapy educators need to engage in personal and professional development. Researchers provide additional strategies for developing the clinical reasoning skills required for successful occupational therapy practice.
Abstract Date Presented 03/22/24 Study evaluated symptomatology in post-concussive syndrome and how symptoms affect occupational performance. A more in-depth understanding of occupational performance ...difficulties in this population can guide assessment and intervention selection. Primary Author and Speaker: Sepideh Zenoozi Contributing Authors: Sepideh Zenoozi, Whitney Henderson, Anna Boone
Abstract
Date Presented 04/04/19
Researchers implemented a massed practice- and task-specific protocol with use of the SaeboGlove with an individual with an incomplete SCI. The purpose of this study ...was to determine changes in performance and satisfaction in meaningful occupations and changes in UE motor recovery following use of the SaeboGlove with an individual with an SCI. Results indicate the SaeboGlove has potential to improve engagement in occupations and improve UE motor function with individuals with incomplete SCI.
Primary Author and Speaker: Whitney Henderson
Additional Authors and Speakers: Brittany Nickelson
Abstract
Date Presented 4/21/2018
This study provides relevant information about what instructional methods faculty use most often and what they find valuable to successfully teach clinical ...reasoning. Future work needs to identify specific methods that are most effective to build the cadre of contemporary scholarship of teaching and learning for occupational therapy.
Primary Author and Speaker: Whitney Henderson
Additional Authors and Speakers: Brenda Coppard
Contributing Authors: Youngue Qi
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