As part of mobility transitions toward a more sustainable, smart, and resilient transportation, there has been a growing literature on ride-hailing services. These literatures tend to focus on the ...users, while little is understood regarding the drivers, particularly female ride-hailing drivers. Ride-hailing driver is often portrayed as a male-dominated occupation and female ride-hailing drivers are met with constraining stereotypes (e.g., less able to drive, easy to panic) and higher perception of risk (i.e., risk of harassment, street crime). This research explores the many narratives concerning female ride-hailing drivers drawing from a focus group with ride-hailing drivers, followed by a structured global literature review on female ride-hailing drivers, and contextualized with studies in Indonesian context. Findings identified spatiotemporal constraints experienced by female ride-hailing drivers, indicating a gendered mobility. This research concludes with future research direction and policy insights to address gendered mobility in the rise of ride-hailing services in Southeast Asia.
The burgeoning landscape of literature on mobility inequalities has led to discrepancies between a conceptual understanding of mobility inequalities and its implementation in planning practice. ...Reviewing 270 publications across five decades, this article identifies intrinsic and extrinsic factors and approaches for understanding and analyzing mobility inequality. Using two thought experiments to critically locate variations in factors and approaches, dilemmas and challenges in addressing mobility inequality for the marginalized are exposed. The article concludes with future research directions for investigating mobility inequality.
Despite numerous studies suggesting a path-dependent relationship between transport–land use policies and urban structures, particularly on the emergence of car-oriented development, this connection ...has rarely been explained with spatial evidence. To address this gap, this paper investigated the historical and spatial urban transformation of Greater Jakarta from three different time periods to understand today’s extensive use of and dependence on private vehicles. This study applied a multi-method approach of (1) historical literature review, (2) computational analysis of the street network using space syntax, and (3) visual analysis of video recordings to allow for a comprehensive insight into the socio-spatial aspects of urbanization as a path-dependent course. The findings indicate that Jakarta’s pedestrian network has been diminishing over time against the well-connected vehicular network. Furthermore, the remaining potential for walking cannot be actualized due to walking inconveniences at the street level. This suggests mobility inequality, since access to citywide urban functions is highly dependent on the access to private vehicles. It also provides spatial evidence that previous policies have had a long-term impact on socio-spatial structures. This paper contributes not only scientific reference for transport and mobility studies in the Southeast Asia region, but also a practical reference for urban planners and policy-makers on how to achieve sustainable development goals and to provide equal access for all.
This article investigates how planning policies have shaped urban form and mobility behavior in the rapidly urbanized metropolitan area of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. We argue that the complex chain of ...consequences of previous policies and their implementation processes can be understood from the socio-spatial dynamics that result from the interaction between people and their built environment. Using the case of Kuala Lumpur, we provide empirical evidence of these socio-spatial dynamics through (1) the identification of key policies, (2) an understanding of Kuala Lumpur's spatial configuration using space syntax, and (3) in-depth interviews to reveal mobility behavior. Our findings suggest that Kuala Lumpur's previous road expansion policies, national car project, and fragmented new town development have created an urban form that encourages vehicular instead of pedestrian movement. Consequently, this has induced an automobile dependence and culture that conflicts with the country's current initiatives on sustainable development. For policymakers and planners, these findings provide awareness that policy impacts span across generations and scales, making them difficult to reverse and take a long time to be fixed. We conclude with practical insights on how to reverse the unsustainable path through socio-spatial innovations and research directions to address the ongoing vehicular dominance and automobile society in Kuala Lumpur.
Pembatasan mobilitas untuk mengurangi bertambahnya kasus Covid-19 berupa penyekatan, pemberlakuan jam malam, serta penerapan protokol kesehatan ketika bepergian telah mengubah perilaku mobilitas ...masyarakat. Sayangnya, perubahan perilaku tersebut belum terdokumentasi dengan baik sehingga tidak terintegrasi dalam penyusunan kebijakan transportasi, dan akibatnya, pembatasan mobilitas menjadi tidak atau kurang efektif untuk menghambat laju kasus Covid-19 di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan metode konten analisis terhadap 193 artikel berita nasional, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi perilaku perjalanan yang dapat mempengaruhi kepatuhan (atau pelanggaran) terhadap pembatasan mobilitas di Indonesia. Identifikasi dilakukan dengan mengkategorikan perilaku perjalanan ke dalam respon spasial, temporal, dan institusional. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan adanya kecenderungan pelanggaran pembatasan mobilitas (64% dari 193 pemberitaan) antara lain melalui pemilihan rute yang tidak dijaga petugas, serta bepergian pada jam ataupun periode yang dilarang. Temuan ini dapat menjadi masukan strategi preventif dalam perumusan kebijakan transportasi di masa mendatang, terutama terkait pembatasan mobilitas walaupun skalanya relatif lebih kecil, seperti pembatasan mobilitas melalui ganjil-genap ataupun penutupan jalan pada waktu-waktu tertentu.
•Gender differences affect transport mobility choices in Jakarta and Kuala Lumpur.•Perception of safety is spatially and socio-culturally constructed.•Women are more likely to report negative ...perceptions of safety as compared to men.•Multidisciplinary perspectives is required to understand gendered mobility.
Despite numerous studies on how gender differences affect transport mobility choices and perception of safety, there has been little emphasis on the influence of spatial and socio-cultural constructs on it, particularly in the Southeast Asian context. This article investigates this relation through (1) an on-street survey involving 383 participants in eight neighbourhoods in Jakarta and Kuala Lumpur, (2) analysing videos taken with the walking with video approach, and (3) a computational analysis of the street network using space syntax. Findings suggest that a large proportion of women ascribed to negative perceptions of safety as compared to men. Negative perceptions of safety were related to wariness towards motorcycles in Jakarta and absence of other pedestrians and the image of the place in Kuala Lumpur. This difference can be attributed to distinctions in spatial configurations and socio-cultural constructs between both cities. Findings provide practical insights – mode segregation or changes to street design – to address gendered mobility for sustainable urban transport in the region.
To date, little is known about the interplay between transport, land use and the social systems that influence potential and realised accessibility in Southeast Asia. This paper aims to understand ...these relationships in an informal settlement - a kampong - at the edge of the upscale Menteng district, Jakarta. We applied a mixed-methods approach of (1) a computational street network analysis using space syntax, (2) video analysis to understand travel behaviour and land use and (3) an analysis of street users' experiences collected through interviews. Our findings indicated that the pedestrian accessibility was not fully realised due to unsupportive land uses and negative perceptions of walking experienced by kampong inhabitants. Marginalised groups became captive pedestrians limited in their mobility choices. This study provides insights into Jakarta's informal settlements and how urban planning can contribute to sustainable development for inclusive, safe, and resilient cities.
Since the detection of the first COVID-19 case in March 2020, the Indonesian government has implemented various mobility restrictions as a policy response to address the pandemic. To date, violations ...of mobility restrictions have been discussed in relation to public health risk, but rarely analyzed in terms of understanding the transport policy-practice gap. Using content analysis of news media from March 2020 to May 2021, this article identifies individual actions and institutional factors enabling violations of mobility restrictions. Our findings infer a policy-practice gap regarding operationalization, institutional issues, and lack of consideration of target groups’ behavior. These findings provide insights for transport policy formulation in uncertain times, such as the post-pandemic, especially in the context of rapidly growing Asian cities.
In developing countries, investing in road networks is among main items in the governmental spending. Despite of the key role of mobility networks in the economic and social activities, yet the ...current debate now with the global trend of cutting budgets, is how to maximize the capacity of governmental assets, among which, the road networks. It is worth mentioning here that in one case study, a road link is operating at ≈ 60% of its capacity due to inappropriate land use, unregulated on-street parking, besides other deteriorated geometric and structural characteristics of the carriageways. In this paper, a comprehensive understanding of “road network capacity dampers” shall be developed in a way that address the traffic engineering parameters (capacity reserves, flow, dimensions), as well as inappropriate land use. This understanding is elaborated in a quantifiable approach to reveal the significance of these reserves, thereafter, provide the foundation for the tradeoff between altering the already established land use, or to operate at deteriorated capacities. This discussion is presented in two case studies from two emerging cities: Cairo (Kamel Sedky St.) in Egypt, and Yogyakarta (Kesehatan St.,) in Indonesia. Finally, an urban-economic model will investigate potential measures to reclaim the capacity and how to integrate these capacity dampers as a valuable parameter in the road maintenance management plans.
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