The role of recombinant B cell stimulatory factor 2 (BSF-2/IL-6) in the regulation of growth and differentiation of B cells was investigated. rBSF-2 at 200 pg/ml could induce 50% of the maximum Ig ...production in B lymphoblastoid cell lines, the specific activity being estimated as 5 X 10(6) U/mg. rBSF-2 augmented PWM-induced IgM, IgG, and IgA production in mononuclear cells (MNC); the effect was exerted by directly acting on PWM-induced B blast cells to induce Ig production. However, rBSF-2 did not induce any growth of activated B cells. In contrast, rBSF-2 showed a potent growth activity on a murine hybridoma clone, MH60.BSF2. The concentration required for half-maximal 3HTdR uptake was approximately 5 pg/ml, which was 40 times less than that required for Ig induction in a B cell line. Anti-BSF-2 antibody inhibited PWM-induced Ig production in MNC, but not PWM-induced proliferation. The antibody was effective even when added on day 4 of an 8-d culture, indicating that BSF-2 is one of the essential late-acting factors in PWM-induced Ig production.
Development of SOI pixel process technology Arai, Y.; Miyoshi, T.; Unno, Y. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
04/2011, Letnik:
636, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
A silicon-on-insulator (SOI) process for pixelated radiation detectors is developed. It is based on a 0.2
μm CMOS fully depleted (FD-)SOI technology. The SOI wafer is composed of a thick, ...high-resistivity substrate for the sensing part and a thin Si layer for CMOS circuits. Two types of pixel detectors, one integration-type and the other counting-type, are developed and tested. We confirmed good sensitivity for light, charged particles and X-rays for these detectors.
For further improvement on the performance of the pixel detector, we have introduced a new process technique called buried p-well (BPW) to suppress back gate effect. We are also developing vertical (3D) integration technology to achieve much higher density.
We search for lepton-flavor and lepton-number-violating τ decays into a lepton (ℓ= electron or muon) and two charged mesons (h,h′=π± or K±) using 854 fb−1 of data collected with the Belle detector at ...the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider. We obtain 90% confidence level upper limits on the τ→ℓhh′ branching fractions in the range (2.0–8.4)×10−8. These results improve upon our previously published upper limits by factors of about 1.8 on average.
This paper discusses the human body modeling for the design of a mobile terminal antenna at 400 MHz band. The effect of the human body inhomogeneity and shape on the radiation characteristics of the ...mobile terminal antenna is investigated thoroughly. In addition, the effect of the human
arm on the antenna characteristics is also discussed. For this purpose, first, the radiation characteristics of a dipole antenna in the presence of an anatomically-based human body model and those for a homogeneous anthropomorphic model are compared. Next, the radiation characteristics for
the anthropomorphic model and shape-simplified models are compared. The numerical and experimental investigations reveal that the effect of the inhomogeneity and shape of the human body on the antenna characteristics is not large from the viewpoint of antenna designs. On the other hand, the
effect of human arm on them is larger than those due to the other factors.
In this paper, a dual-plane comb-line filter having plural attenuation poles is proposed. We investigate the filtering characteristics from both experiments and numerical simulations by means of the ...finite-difference time-domain method. It is shown that this filter has attenuation poles just above, as well as below the passband and that intersections between the curves of input susceptance of the even and odd modes agree with the attenuation-pole frequencies. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that, by changing the position of the metal pin, which connects two resonators, we can change the input susceptance of the odd mode alone and, hence, regulate the attenuation-pole frequencies.
Regulation of BSF-2/IL-6 production in peripheral mononuclear cells (MNC) was studied. BSF-2 mRNA expression in mitogen-stimulated MNC showed a biphasic response, the first peak around 4 h and the ...second peak around 48 h. This was caused by different kinetics of BSF-2 mRNA expression in distinct subpopulations of MNC; M phi expressed BSF-2 mRNA at 5 h in the absence of any stimulation, and mitogen-stimulated T cells and B cells expressed BSF-2 mRNA 48 h after stimulation. Immunohistochemical staining of the cells with anti-BSF-2 antibody demonstrated that macrophages, T cells and B cells could produce BSF-2. T cells in peripheral MNC produced BSF-2 in the presence of M phi. The requirement of macrophage for BSF-2 production in T cells could be replaced by TPA but not by IL-1 or BSF-2.
How do people hear sounds? As a counterpart of Prof. G. V. Békésy's traveling wave theory, we have proposed resonance theory of outer hair cells and cochlear standing wave theory, respectively. Based ...on these proposals, this paper develops a transmission-line-based cochlear standing wave model. Since the macroscopic cochlear model is designed as it looks like, various auditory physiology can be explained. Transient analyses with pure-tone excitation and Gaussian pulse excitation are carried out, and Prof. D. Kemp's otoacoustic emission (OAE) is demonstrated successfully.Clinical relevance-Our new model has a great potential to explain auditory physiology including structural inner disorders, hearing loss, and even tinnitus
Alteration of terminal sugars of goblet cell mucins in the small intestinal mucosa was examined by lectin histochemistry in rats infected with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. To see whether alteration ...of the nature of mucins was regulated by the local immune system, adult worms were implanted intraduodenally into recipient rats of various immune status. When 7-day-old ('normal') adult worms were implanted into naive euthymic rats, about 60% remained until day 7 and then were expelled. The number of goblet cells transiently decreased on day 5 and then progressively increased from day 9 onwards. In parallel with the hyperplasia, mucins in and released from goblet cells strongly expressed terminal N-acetyl-D-galactosamine which was specifically recognized by Helix pomatia agglutinin (HPA). When 13-day-old ('damaged') adult worms were implanted into naive euthymic rats, they were rapidly expelled by day 9 in association with hastened goblet cell hyperplasia and the alteration of terminal sugars of the mucins. Hastened worm expulsion, goblet cell hyperplasia and alteration of terminal sugars of the mucins were also observed when 'normal' worms were implanted into immune recipients. On the other hand, after implantation of 'normal' worms into hypothymic (rnu/rnu) rats, goblet cell hyperplasia or the alteration of terminal sugars of the mucins was almost completely absent. These results suggest that alteration of sugar residues of goblet cell mucins, especially the strong expression of terminal N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, is regulated by the host's immune system and seems to be important in the expulsion of N. brasiliensis.
A
bstract
We present measurements of absolute branching fractions of hadronic and lep-tonic
$ D_s^{+} $
decays to
K
−
K
+
π
+
,
$ {{\overline{K}}^0} $
K
+
,
ηπ
+
,
μ
+
ν
μ
and
τ
+
ν
τ
and report a ...search for the leptonic
$ D_s^{+} $
→
e
+
ν
e
decays. The results are obtained from a data sample of 913 fb
−1
collected at or near the
$ \varUpsilon $
(4
S
) and
$ \varUpsilon $
(5
S
) resonances with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy
e
+
e
−
collider. The branching fractions of hadronic decays are measured to be
$ \begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {\mathcal{B}\left( {D_s^{+}\ \to\ {K^{-}}{K^{+}}{\pi^{+}}} \right) = \left( {5.06\pm 0.15\pm 0.21} \right)\%,} \\ {\mathcal{B}\left( {D_s^{+}\ \to\ {{\overline{K}}^0}{K^{+}}} \right) = \left( {2.95\pm 0.11\pm 0.09} \right)\%,} \\ {\mathcal{B}\left( {D_s^{+}\ \to\ \eta {\pi^{+}}} \right) = \left( {1.82\pm 0.14\pm 0.07} \right)\%,} \\ \end{array} $
where the first and second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. The branching fractions of leptonic decays are measured to be
$ \begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {\mathcal{B}\left( {D_s^{+}\ \to\ {\mu^{+}}{\nu_{\mu }}} \right)=\left( {0.531\pm 0.028\pm 0.020} \right)\%,} \\ {\mathcal{B}\left( {D_s^{+}\to {\tau^{+}}{\nu_{\tau }}} \right)=\left( {5.70\pm 0.21_{-0.30}^{-0.31 }} \right)\%,} \\ \end{array} $
which are combined to determine the
$ D_s^{+} $
meson decay constant
$ {f_{{{D_s}}}=\left( {255.5\pm 4.2\pm 5.1} \right)\ \mathrm{MeV}. $
We find no significant signal for
$ D_s^{+} $
→
e
+
ν
e
decays and set an upper limit of
$ \mathcal{B}\left( {D_s^{+}\ \to\ {e^{+}}{\nu_e}} \right) $
<
1
.
0(0
.
83)
×
10
−4
at 95% (90%) confidence level.
Non- and mono-ortho CBs as well as also highly toxic by-side impurities such as chlorodibenzofurans, chlorodibenzo-p-dioxins, and chloronaphthalenes after a subsequent 2D-HPLC and HRGC-HRMS ...separation, detection, and identification were quantified in technical chlorobiphenyl Chlorofen formulation. Chlorofen is highly chlorinated CB mixture and its compositional profile of mono-ortho CBs is occupied by 2,3,3′,4,4′,5′-HxCB (no. 157) with 96.6% and followed by 2,3,3′,4,4′,5-HxCB (no. 156) with 3.3% and 2,3′,4,4′,5,5′-HxCB (no. 167) with <0.1%, while nos. 105, 114, 118, 123, and 189 remained undetected (<10 µg/g). Amongst non-ortho CBs only a trace of 3,3′,4,4′-TeCB (no. 77) was found at 15 µg/g, while CBs nos. 81, 126, and 169 were absent. TCDD TEQ for mono- and non-ortho CBs in Chlorofen was 2320 and 1.5 ng/g, respectively, while for CDFs and CNs were 45 and 731 ng/g, respectively, and for both types of contaminants most contributing were OcCDF and OcCN. No tetra- to OcCDD was found in Chlorofen.
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