The diazotrophic Burkholderia anthina MYSP113 is a vital plant growth-promoting bacteria and sugarcane root association. The present study based on a detailed analysis of sugarcane root transcriptome ...by using the HiSeq-Illumina platform in response to the strain MYSP113. The bacterium was initially isolated from the rhizosphere of sugarcane. To better understand biological, cellular, and molecular mechanisms, a de novo transcriptomic assembly of sugarcane root was performed. HiSeq-Illumina platformwas employed for the sequencing of an overall of 16 libraries at a 2×100 bp configuration. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis identified altered gene expression in 370 genes (total of 199 up-regulated genes and 171 down-regulated genes). Deciphering the huge datasets, concerning the functioning and production of biological systems, a high throughput genome sequencing analysis was attempted with Gene ontology functional analyses and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. The report revealed a total of 148930 unigenes. 70414 (47.28%) of them were annotated successfully to Gene Ontology (GO) terms. 774 at 45 days, 4985 of 30 days and 15 days of 6846 terms were significantly regulated. GO analysis revealed that many genes involved in the metabolic, oxidation-reduction process and biological regulatory processes in response to strain MYSP113 and significantly enriched as compare to the control. Moreover, KEGG enriched results show that differentially expressed genes were classified into different pathway categories involved in various processes, such as nitrogen metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, etc. The sample correlation analyses could help examine the similarity at the gene expression level. The reliability of the observed differential gene expression patterns was validated with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Additionally, plant enzymes activities such as peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were significantly increased in plant roots after the inoculation of strain MYSP113. The results of the research may help in understanding the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and plant interaction.
Lactobacillus species are used as probiotics to inhibit human pathogens because of their ability to produce antimicrobial substances. However, when different kinds of antibiotics are used, the ...antibiotic resistance of drug-resistant bacteria increases. In this study, lactic acid-producing bacteria with antimicrobial activity were isolated and used as probiotics to inhibit six human pathogens, namely Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhi, and Shigella boydii. Nine bacterial isolates were obtained from the crude juice of sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum), strawberry (Fragaria ananassa), and fruit pulp of palm (Borassus flabellifer). Among them, three bacterial isolates (S1, SC, and PP) produced acid and clear zones around the colonies on Glucose Yeast Extract media supplemented with calcium carbonate (GYC). These three bacterial strains were then identified on the basis of colony morphology and using different biochemical tests. 16s rRNA sequencing identified the indigenous lactic acid-producing bacteria S1 as Lactobacillus plantarum and both isolates (SC and PP) as Leuconostoc mesenteroides. L. plantarum (S1) showed the best inhibition zone (12 mm) on pathogens S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and E. coli. Therefore, these lactic acid-producing bacteria isolated from various fermented fruit juices in Myanmar shows potential for development as probiotics.
Pokkah boeng disease (PBD) is a foliar disease causing severe losses in sugarcane crop production. Research into resistance mechanisms against the causal agent, Fusarium verticillioides, is ...particularly important for farmers and researchers. This work based on the comprehensive analysis of metabolic, proteomic, and bioinformatics data on nitrogen (N) metabolism, which revealed that this biosynthetic reactions was closely related to resistance mechanisms in the sugarcane– F. verticillioides interaction. Our results suggested that pathogen infection reduced the suppression of nitrate reductase (NR) activity, reducing ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N) assimilation, which reduces glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate synthetase (GOGAT) activity and polynucleotide synthesis and promotes RNA degradation, resulting in a decrease in ribosome levels and protein synthesis. Cysteine was found to be associated with the symptoms of PBD, while alanine, lysine, proline, and glutamic acid were found to be involved in protective and regulatory mechanisms as well. Additionally, glutamate played an important role in sugarcane defense against pathogens through the biosynthesis of proline and polyamines. Cyanamide, glutamate, proline, tyrosine, and arachidonic acid metabolism actively participate in resistance and response to stress. C5XPZ6 and C5XCA6 were considered to be critical proteins and key effectors according to this study. In conclusion, we have identified potential proteins and pathways involved in sugarcane resistance to F. verticillioides, revealing new findings that may be useful in the design of future diagnostics or sugarcane protection strategies and providing new insights into the molecular mechanisms of sugarcane–pathogen interactions.
In plants, both abscisic acid (ABA) dependent and independent pathways form the basis for the response to environmental stresses. Sucrose non-fermenting 1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2) plays a ...central role in plant stress signal transduction. However, complete annotation and specific expression patterns of SnRK2s in sugarcane remain unclear. For the present study, we performed a full-length cDNA library survey of sugarcane, thus identifying ten SoSnRK2 genes via phylogenetic, local BLAST methods, and various bioinformatics analyses. Phylogenetic analysis indicated division of SoSnRK2 genes into three subgroups, similar to other plant species. Gene structure comparison with Arabidopsis suggested a unique evolutionary imprint of the SnRK2 gene family in sugarcane. Both sequence alignment and structural annotation provided an overview of the conserved N-terminal and variations of the C-terminal, suggesting functional divergence. Transcript and transient expression assays revealed SoSnRK2s to be involved in the responses to diverse stress signals, and strong ABA induction of SoSnRK2s in subgroup III. Co-expression network analyses indicated the existence of both conserved and variable biological functions among different SoSnRK2s members. In summary, this comprehensive analysis will facilitate further studies of the SoSnRK2 family and provide useful information for the functional validation of SoSnRK2s.
Microbial agents are the best alternative to the chemical fertilizers that promote the plant growth in an eco-friendly manner. This study was intended to characterize
Burkholderia anthina
strain ...MYSP113 and to evaluate its mechanisms linked to sugarcane growth promotion. The morphological, biochemical, and molecular characterization (
gyrB
and
recA
) results identified the bacteria as
B. anthina
. To determine the plant bacterial association, MYSP113 strain was tagged with a plasmid-bear
green fluorescent protein
(
gfp
) gene, and the tagged strain was inoculated to the sugarcane (variety GXB-9), and bacterial colonization analyzed by confocal laser fluorescence microscopy. The results revealed that strain MYSP113 had root-colonizing abilities, and colonization was detected at the root and leaves maturation zones. Bacteria entered the roots via cracks at the surfacing site of the roots and disrupted epidermis. Bacterial cells were observed in the substomatal chambers of leaves. Furthermore, to evaluate the mechanisms related to sugarcane growth promotion and bacterial competence in soil and plant, greenhouse experiment performed, and bacterial competence, plant growth parameters, and phytoenzymes, and hormones were assessed with or without MYSP113. We examined bacterial competence in soil and plant via qPCR and direct plant count at 45 and 90 DAI, and results recommended that strain MYSP113 has the ability to colonize in sugarcane rhizosphere and in the aerial part of the plant. Furthermore, strain MYSP113 significantly induced the plant fresh weight, dry weight, and chlorophyll content of sugarcane seedlings at 45 and 90 days after inoculation. Additionally, strain MYSP113 triggered chitinase, cellulose, indole acetic acid, and abscisic acid production in the plant roots and aerial parts, and these results signifying that bacterial inoculation modulates the plant metabolism and boost the health. The present study concluded that strain MYSP113 has beneficial linkages with the sugarcane plant, and it would be utilized as a bioinoculant in future.
Four bacterial isolates were selected and screened for phosphate solubilizing and cellulolytic activities on Pikovaskaia and Berg’s media respectively. S1 and P6 showed the 1.545 and 1.571 values of ...solubility index for tricalcium phosphate on NBRIP media. In quantitative determination, S3 was the best strain which showed phosphate solubilizing activity on tricalcium phosphate and rock phosphate at 136.01ppm and 29.35ppm respectively. The amounts of reducing sugar formation were determined by dinitrosalicylic colorimetric method (DNS). S1 can more solubilize cellulose 0.60 ppm, S2 on carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) at 0.55 ppm and S3 on rice straw and filter paper at 0.5 and 0.45 ppm on Berg’s media respectively. According to the coexistence study, the four selected bacterial isolates were able to survival together and applied in combination for field trial. These isolates were studied the effectiveness on the groundnut cultivation. This experiment was carried out on the field trial of groundnut (Spanish 121) at Mandalay Technological University, Patheingyi Township. All treatments (S1, S2, S3, P6 and Com) were significantly better than Control (water only). According to soil analysis data, organic carbon, EC, humus, the total N, available P, K2O, and K+ in all treatments were higher than control and those of soil parameters before cultivation. So, it can be assumed that the selected bacterial isolates had positive effect on soil physical and chemical properties.
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