Synthesizing insights from a dynamic capability perspective and social network theory, this study identifies the factors influencing green innovation and examines the relationships between ...influencing factors, green innovation, and performance. This study uses structural equation modeling to test the research hypotheses. The results indicate that dynamic capability, coordination capability, and social reciprocity are significant drivers of green innovation, including green product innovation and green process innovation. Green product and process innovation have positive effects on environmental performance and organizational performance. These findings are relevant to firms in quest of green management and innovation.
A phototransistor based on a chemical vapor deposited (CVD) MoS2 monolayer exhibits a high photoresponsivity (2200 A W−1) and an excellent photogain (5000). The presence of shallow traps contributes ...to the persistent photoconductivity. Ambient adsorbates act as p‐dopants to MoS2, decreasing the carrier mobility, photoresponsivity, and photogain.
We prove a conjecture of Kleinbock which gives a clear-cut classification of all extremal affine subspaces of
. We also give an essentially complete classification of all Khintchine type affine ...subspaces, except for some boundary cases within two logarithmic scales. More general Jarník type theorems are proved as well, sometimes without the monotonicity of the approximation function. These results follow as consequences of our novel estimates for the number of rational points close to an affine subspace in terms of diophantine properties of its defining matrix. Our main tool is the multidimensional large sieve inequality and its dual form.
Potassium‐ion battery anode materials with high capacity always hold one or more K ions and are companied by large volume swelling, which threatens the stability of solid‐electrolyte‐interface (SEI) ...layers, and results in low coulombic efficiency as well as inferior cycling stability. Herein, an avenue that induces the rapid formation of continuous SEI layers by the confinement effect to boost K ions storage property is proposed. CuS nanoplates are dispersed on the core layer of carbon nanofibers and further confined by the Nb2O5‐C shell layer, constructing core–shell structure CuS‐C@Nb2O5‐C nanofibers (NFs). The shell layer protects the CuS nanoplates from immediate contact with the electrolyte and brings about volume expansion, assisting the rapid formation of continuous SEI layers. As a result, the capacity retention of the CuS‐C@Nb2O5‐C NFs electrode remains at 93.1% after 100 cycles, much larger than that of the CuS‐C NF electrode (74.6%); the process that coulombic efficiency stabilized above 99.0% shortens to 5 cycles from 30 cycles. This progress is also found in the CoS2‐C@Nb2O5‐C and NiS2‐C@Nb2O5‐C NFs electrodes. The improved coulombic efficiency and cycling stability brought about by the confinement effect offer a facile approach to boost the K ion storage property of conversion reaction anodes.
The confinement effect is employed to boost the coulombic efficiency and cycling stability of potassium‐ion battery anodes. Taking CuS as a proof of conversion reaction electrode material, volume expansion is restrained and continuous solid‐electrolyte‐interface layers are constructed rapidly in the designed CuS‐C@@Nb2O5‐C nanofibers electrode, which provides a neat approach to improve the K ion storage property of conversion reaction anodes.
Contact engineering is a prerequisite for achieving desirable functionality and performance of semiconductor electronics, which is particularly critical for organic–inorganic hybrid halide ...perovskites due to their ionic nature and highly reactive interfaces. Although the interfaces between perovskites and charge‐transporting layers have attracted lots of attention due to the photovoltaic and light‐emitting diode applications, achieving reliable perovskite/electrode contacts for electronic devices, such as transistors and memories, remains as a bottleneck. Herein, a critical review on the elusive nature of perovskite/electrode interfaces with a focus on the interfacial electrochemistry effects is presented. The basic guidelines of electrode selection are given for establishing non‐polarized interfaces and optimal energy level alignment for perovskite materials. Furthermore, state‐of‐the‐art strategies on interface‐related electrode engineering are reviewed and discussed, which aim at achieving ohmic transport and eliminating hysteresis in perovskite devices. The role and multiple functionalities of self‐assembled monolayers that offer a unique approach toward improving perovskite/electrode contacts are also discussed. The insights on electrode engineering pave the way to advancing stable and reliable perovskite devices in diverse electronic applications.
Rational selection of electrodes plays a critical role in perovskite‐based electronics due to the high reactivity of halide perovskite materials. A comprehensive review of perovskite/electrode interfaces, as well as, state‐of‐the‐art contact engineering, which assists the development of perovskite‐based devices with inhibited interfacial reactions, ohmic carrier transport, and non‐hysteric electronic characteristics, is presented.
Image-language matching tasks have recently attracted a lot of attention in the computer vision field. These tasks include image-sentence matching, i.e., given an image query, retrieving relevant ...sentences and vice versa, and region-phrase matching or visual grounding, i.e., matching a phrase to relevant regions. This paper investigates two-branch neural networks for learning the similarity between these two data modalities. We propose two network structures that produce different output representations. The first one, referred to as an embedding network , learns an explicit shared latent embedding space with a maximum-margin ranking loss and novel neighborhood constraints. Compared to standard triplet sampling, we perform improved neighborhood sampling that takes neighborhood information into consideration while constructing mini-batches. The second network structure, referred to as a similarity network , fuses the two branches via element-wise product and is trained with regression loss to directly predict a similarity score. Extensive experiments show that our networks achieve high accuracies for phrase localization on the Flickr30K Entities dataset and for bi-directional image-sentence retrieval on Flickr30K and MSCOCO datasets.
This paper attempts to examine if the “strong” version of Porter Hypothesis is supported in China by investigating how different regulatory instruments and the relative stringency impact “green” ...productivity. We use a slacks-based measure (SBM) and Luenberger Productivity Index, accounting for undesirable outputs, to evaluate the industrial “green” productivity growth rates of China's 30 provinces. The estimates imply an unsustainable development model in China with significant regional differences. By employing a panel threshold model and a province-level panel dataset during 2000–2012, empirical results show that both command-and-control and market-based regulation have a non-linear relationship with and can be positively related to “green” productivity but with different constrains on regulation stringency: there are double thresholds with the command-and-control and exists an optimal range of stringency for productivity improvement; while a single threshold has been found with the market-based regulation and its current stringency is reasonable for most of provinces. Moreover, based on China's reality, the productivity effect driven by market-based regulation is much stronger than that of the command-and-control. The mechanism of informal regulation is much more complicated. Consequently, we find evidence to support the “strong” Porter Hypothesis that reasonable stringency of environmental regulations may enhance rather than lower industrial competitiveness.
•Examine the “strong” version of Porter Hypothesis in the case of China•Environmental total factor productivity accounting for undesirable outputs•The command-and-control, market-based and informal environmental regulation•Investigate the non-linear relationship between regulation and “green” productivity•The fixed-effect panel threshold model
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are an emerging class of molecular crystalline materials built from metal ions or clusters bridged by organic linkers. By taking advantage of their synthetic ...tunability and structural regularity, MOFs can hierarchically integrate nanoparticles and/or biomolecules into a single framework to enable multifunctions. The MOF-protected heterostructures not only enhance the catalytic capacity of nanoparticle components but also retain the biological activity of biomolecules in an intracellular microenvironment. Therefore, the multifunctional MOF heterostructures have great advantages over single components in cancer therapy. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the general principle of the design and functional modulation of nanoscaled MOF heterostructures, and biomedical applications in enhanced therapy within the last five years. The functions of MOF heterostructures with a controlled size can be regulated by designing various functional ligands and
in situ
growth/postmodification of nanoparticles and/or biomolecules. The advances in the application of multifunctional MOF heterostructures are also explored for enhanced cancer therapies involving photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and theranostics. The remaining challenges and future opportunities in this field, in terms of precisely localized assembly, maximizing composite properties, and processing new techniques, are also presented. The introduction of multiple components into one crystalline MOF provides a promising approach to design all-in-one theranostics in clinical treatments.
We review the general principle of the design and functional modulation of nanoscaled MOF heterostructures, and biomedical applications in enhanced therapy.
Metal‐halide perovskites have drawn profuse attention during the past decade, owing to their excellent electrical and optical properties, facile synthesis, efficient energy conversion, and so on. ...Meanwhile, the development of information storage technologies and digital communications has fueled the demand for novel semiconductor materials. Low‐dimensional perovskites have offered a new force to propel the developments of the memory field due to the excellent physical and electrical properties associated with the reduced dimensionality. In this review, the mechanisms, properties, as well as stability and performance of low‐dimensional perovskite memories, involving both molecular‐level perovskites and structure‐level nanostructures, are comprehensively reviewed. The property–performance correlation is discussed in‐depth, aiming to present effective strategies for designing memory devices based on this new class of high‐performance materials. Finally, the existing challenges and future opportunities are presented.
Low‐dimensional halide perovskites are among the most rapidly emerging building blocks for optoelectronic applications. This review elucidates the advantages and the crucial role of molecular‐/structure‐level low‐dimensional halide perovskites in achieving high performance and enhanced stability in memory applications.
Conversion‐alloy sulfide materials for potassium‐ion batteries (KIBs) have attracted considerable attention because of their high capacities and suitable working potentials. However, the sluggish ...kinetics and sulfur loss result in their rapid capacity degeneration as well as inferior rate capability. Herein, a strategy that uses the confinement and catalyzed effect of Nb2O5 layers to restrict the sulfur species and facilitate them to form sulfides reversibly is proposed. Taking Sb2S3 anode as an example, Sb2S3 and Nb2O5 are dispersed in the core and shell layers of carbon nanofibers (C NFs), respectively, constructing core@shell structure Sb2S3–C@Nb2O5‐C NFs. Benefiting from the bi‐functional Nb2O5 layers, the electrochemical reversibility of Sb2S3 is stimulated. As a result, the Sb2S3–C@Nb2O5–C NFs electrode delivers the rapidest K‐ion diffusion coefficient, longest cycling stability, and most excellent rate capability among the controlled electrodes (347.5 mAh g−1 is kept at 0.1 A g−1 after 100 cycles, and a negligible capacity degradation (0.03% per cycle) at 2.0 A g−1 for 2200 cycles is delivered). The enhanced K‐ion storage properties are also found in SnS2‐C@Nb2O5‐C NFs electrode. Encouraged by the stimulated reversibility of Sb2S3 and SnS2 anodes, other sulfides with high electrochemical performance also could be developed for KIBs.
Sluggish kinetics of conversion‐alloy sulfide anode for potassium‐ion batteries brings the partial‐reversible reaction and sulfur loss, resulting in inferior potassium‐ion storage behavior. A strategy that uses the confinement and catalyzed effect of Nb2O5 layers to restrict the sulfur species and facilitate them to form sulfides reversibly is proposed, and carried out on Sb2S3 anode electrode successfully.
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