Abstract
Exceeding the norms and limits of atmospheric air pollution causes enormous damage to the population’s health and the environment. Determining the factors affecting air quality is a current ...task in a local, regional, and global scale. In this study, we use daily time series data for the main air pollutants in Burgas, Bulgaria – O
3
, NO, NO
2
, CO, SO
2
, and PM
10
, to analyze, model, and forecast these levels depending on meteorological factors. For this purpose, the stochastic ARIMA method and ARIMA with transfer functions are applied. Results are obtained for univariate and multivariate time series. Particular attention is paid to the concentrations of the secondary pollutant ground-level ozone (O
3
), which are modelled as a function of all variables considered. Results were evaluated using root mean square error, mean absolute percentage errors, and the coefficient of determination. Short-term forecasts have been obtained for seven days ahead. Model accuracy up to 84% has been established.
ENABLING CITY DIGITAL TWINS THROUGH URBAN LIVING LABS Hristov, P. O.; Petrova-Antonova, D.; Ilieva, S. ...
International archives of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences.,
05/2022, Letnik:
XLIII-B1-2022
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The population density in urban areas is rapidly rising, leading to a constant need for new infrastructure and services for citizens. To reduce the time to implementation and optimise the monetary ...cost of various solutions, the plans and policies of local authorities and stakeholders would benefit from undergoing a series of virtual stress tests. To this end, prescriptive and predictive technologies are widely adopted to optimise city planning and to understand the urban processes and environment such as air pollution and transportation. Nevertheless, holistic sandboxes tightly integrated with cities are still largely lacking. The city digital twin is a promising concept that provides a tool for exploration of new solutions in a controlled environment before their deployment. The digital twin is a virtual replica of the real city, which collects data from the infrastructure, processes and services using not only the available systems, but also purposely built connected devices and sensors. In this context, the establishment of urban living labs facilitates the monitoring and understanding of urban processes and enriches the digital twin with highly-relevant data. This paper presents an urban living lab, under deployment in the district of Lozenets in Sofia, Bulgaria. It is part of a larger initiative for developing a city digital twin of Sofia to support the design, exploration, and experimentation of different solutions. The living lab is equipped with sensors for monitoring air quality, atmospheric parameters, noise pollution and pedestrian flows. In addition, a Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) system is realised as an edge computing facility at one of the busiest intersections of the district. Along with the equipment, the paper describes the architecture and components of the platform for data collection, storage, processing, and visualization. Finally, high-priority studies are presented, and their demographic and economic impact is discussed.
Abstract
High levels of air pollution are dangerous to human health, which is a current problem for densely populated cities worldwide. Studying this problem can help detect pollutants’ time ...dependencies on basic meteorological measurements and other factors for future prediction and elaborate corresponding alarms when official upper pollution limits are exceeded. In this work, time-causal models based on previous daily time observations and meteorological measurements in the city of Plovdiv, Bulgaria, are applied. Vector-type temporal-causal models are constructed and analyzed for carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and fine dust particles below size 10, 2.5, and 1 micron (PM10, PM2.5, and PM1), respectively. Pollution levels are predicted seven days ahead.
Quantum electrodynamics in very strong Coulomb fields is one scope which has not yet been tested experimentally with sufficient accuracy to really determine whether the perturbative approach is ...valid. One sensitive test is the determination of the 1s Lamb shift in highly-charged very heavy ions. The 1s Lamb shift of hydrogen-like lead (Pb81+) and gold (Au78+) has been determined using the novel detector concept of silicon microcalorimeters for the detection of hard x-rays. The results of ( 260 53 ) eV for lead and ( 211 42 ) eV for gold are within the error bars in good agreement with theoretical predictions. To our knowledge, for hydrogen-like lead, this represents the most accurate determination of the 1s Lamb shift.
PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to improve the theoretical knowledge of Taekwon-Do athletes during the Covid-19 pandemic by applying interactive teaching methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The ...study was conducted in the period 01.01.2021-28.02.2022 year. Nine videos have been prepared and published to present some of the obligatory theoretical knowledge in Taekwon-Do in an accessible and interesting way. Frequency and SWOT-analysis were applied. RESULTS: Graphic images and the presence of so. An avatar who comments was perceived positively and directs the athletes' attention to the key moments in the video. The questions asked help to establish a "virtual dialogue" and provoke athletes to think about the issues under consideration. CONCLUSION: The use of interactive methods for presenting the theoretical material helps for better absorption by athletes.
Dominant mutations in cytoplasmic dynein (Loa or Cra) have been reported to provoke selective, age-dependent killing of motor neurons, while paradoxically slowing degeneration and death of motor ...neurons in one mouse model of an inherited form of ALS. Examination of Loa animals reveals no degeneration of large caliber α-motor neurons beyond an age-dependent loss (initiating only after 18 months) that was comparable in Loa and wild-type littermates. Absence of Loa-mediated α-motor neuron loss contrasted with dramatic, sustained, mutant dynein-mediated postnatal loss of lumbar proprioceptive sensory axons, accompanied by decreased excitatory glutamatergic inputs to motor neurons. In mouse models of inherited ALS caused by mutations in superoxide dismutase (SOD1), mutant dynein modestly prolonged survival in the one mouse model with the most extensive motor neuron loss (SODG⁹³A) while showing marginal (SODG⁸⁵R) or no (SODG³⁷R) benefit in models with higher numbers of surviving motor neurons at end stage. These findings support a noncell autonomous, excitotoxic contribution from proprioceptive sensory neurons that modestly accelerates disease onset in inherited ALS.
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