The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the snakebites in patients hospitalized at the Mostar Clinical Hospital, admitted between 1983 and 2006. A total of 341 patients were recorded, ...with moderate men predominance (52.8%). Majority of patients were bitten for the first time (99.1%). In 98.8% of patients snakebite occurred to the bare skin, most commonly during June to September period (64.2%). Snakebites were the commonest in agricultural workers (48.1%). Until 2003 all admitted patients were treated according to Russel's scheme (3-anti). As of 2003 new treatment scheme was applied, resulting in the reduction of antidote and supportive treatment use, causing a reduction in the number of clinically apparent allergic reactions. Serum sickness was recorded in only 2 patients, while lethal outcome was recorded in one (0.3%). Overall results indicate that lethality of snakebite is low, and that patients were often administered treatment without medical indication. High number of tourists as well as the presence of the peace keeping troops and other visiting personnel in this region make the snakebites and awareness on snakes not only a local issue, but also more general concern.
Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) has been known as an endemic region for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) for over 50 years. Multiple epidemics of this disease have been registered so far, ...especially in endemic parts of Central and Northeastern Bosnia, as well as the Sarajevo region. Seroepidemiological investigations demonstrate naturalization of Hantaviruses and their wide spread in B&H. However, there are no studies from the southern areas of B&H, and endemic foci of this disease are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution and serologic prevalence of Hantavirus infections by testing for specific IgG antibodies against hantaviruses in the population of Herzegovina. This study included two groups of participants. The target group consisted of 300 participants from exposed professional and population groups, and control group included 100 educators with lower exposure to HFRS. Identification of specific IgG antibodies against hantaviruses in 16 participants confirmed an initial assumption about the presence of Hantavirus infections in the region of interest. Seroprevalence of 5% was registered in the "exposed" and 1% in the "unexposed" group. Simultaneous circulation of Puumala (PUU) and Dobrava (DOB) viruses was discovered. The frequency of positive antibody results was higher in the population above 50 years of age, and three times more prevalent in men then at women. The highest proportion of exposed participants (80%) was registered in the municipalities which geographically belong to high or mountainous Herzegovina.
To assess the effect of modernization of the aluminium production on physical and chemical health hazards at work environment in the Aluminium Mostar factory. The modernization included introduction ...of automatic equipment, computerized management, and rationalized coke manipulation in Anoda, Electrolysis, and Cast House plants.
Periodical measurements of chemical (gas concentrations and aerosols) and physical (microclimatic factors, noise, and illumination) factors were performed at the same workplaces by the same methods of measurements before (1982-1988) and after the modernization (2004). The measured values were compared with the recommended Occupational Safety and Health Standards of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The number of workplaces with a high noise level was reduced from 65.0% (89/137) in 1982-1988 to 28.7% (51/178) in 2004. The best results were achieved in Cast House plant. The illumination of the workplace was partly improved. Values of microclimatic factors did not considerably change; they deviated from the recommended values at nearly all the workplaces in the factory. The concentrations of chemical agents were above the recommended standards in 56.3% (196/348) of the samples in 1982-1988, and in only 15.4% (99/645) of the samples tested in 2004. High concentrations of hydrogen fluoride have remained the primary pollutant in Electrolysis plant.
The modernization of the factory has considerably reduced the amount of harmful substances at work environment in the Aluminum Mostar. However, the exposure to unfavorable physical factors has been only partly reduced.
The effects of organic dusts on the respiratory system of workers employed in food processing, in textile workers, as well as in agricultural and livestock farmers are reported. Deposition and ...elimination of particles from the lung as well as the possible mechanisms of the organic dust effects on respiratory system are described. Separately are presented results of our investigations on the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and diseases as well as lung function tests as indicators of the condition of the respiratory system. Data on the experimental studies with aqueous extracts of organic dusts on smooth muscle of isolated guinea pig trachea suggest that the bronchoconstrictive effects in humans can be reproduced in nonsensitized guinea pigs. The preventive measures in the development of respiratory impairments in subjects occupationally exposed to organic dusts are described.
Pandemijski virus influence A (H1N1) 2009. uzrokuje bolest koja se epidemiološki i klinički ne razlikuje značajno od sezonske gripe, ali ipak postoje razlike. Cilj studije bio je prikazati i ...usporediti epidemiološke i kliničke karakteristike u djece s dokazanim pandemijskim virusom influence A (H1N1) 2009. U Klinici za infektivne bolesti Dr. Fran Mihaljević u Zagrebu u prve dvije sezone incidencija pandemijskog virusa influence A (H1N1) posebno je bila iscrpno analizirana samo u
bolesnika s dokazanim pandemijskim virusom influence A (H1N1). U hospitalizirane djece s dokazanim pandemijskim virusom influence A prevladavao je umjereni oblik bolesti, što je u konačnici značilo kraći boravak u bolnici i manje komplikacija. Upala srednjeg uha je bila najrjeđa komplikacija kod djece. Zaključno, djeca mlađa od 5 godina, osobito dječaci, češće su obolijevali od pandemijskog virusa influence A (H1N1), koja se prezentirala kao blaža bolest s niskom smrtnošću i rjeđim komplikacijama. Većina oboljele djece od pandemijske influence nisu imala čimbenike rizika kao što su astma i pretilost, što drugi autori u svojim istraživanjima ističu kao važne čimbenike rizika za virus influence.
Ventilatory capacity was measured in a group of 622 subjects aged 60 years and older (475 women and 147 men).
Maximum expiratory flow-volume curve was recorded, on which forced vital capacity (FVC), ...one second forced expiratory volume (FEV1) and maximum expiratory flow rates at 50% and the last 25% of vital capacity (FEF50, FEF25) were read. Reference values of ventilatory capacity tests for women and men were calculated by linear multiple regression with age and height as predictors, separately for smokers and nonsmokers.
Results of ventilatory capacity tests in our population showed better compliance with the reference values proposed by Mustajbegović et al. compared to those by Quanjer et al. According to our results the ventilatory capacity values decreased by the age of 70-79 years, followed unexpectedly by an increase relative to the expected values. Since ventilatory capacity tests do not follow a linear decrease, in the evaluation of lung function in the elderly it is necessary to use reference values specific for this population.
The study included 622 persons of the third age, 60-94 years old. The subjects were analyzed by age, smoking habits, profession and place of longest residence. In the studied group, there were 27.2% ...men smokers and 12.6% women smokers. In relation to profession, women were mostly office employees (35.4%) and men were mostly workers (46.9%). Ventilatory capacity was measured by recording maximum expiratory flow-volume on which forced vital capacity (FVC), one second forced expiratory volume (FEV1), and maximum expiratory flow rates at 50% and the last 25% of vital capacity were read (FEF50' FEF25). All respiratory symptoms were significantly more prevalent in smokers than in nonsmokers. The highest prevalence was found for chronic cough in men (31.1%) and in women (30.1%) as well as for dyspnea in women (54.7%) and in men (43.5%). A higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms was found in the age group 60-69 years old than in subjects older than 70 years. Asthma was more prevalent in workers and farmers, which is probably the result of work exposure. Logistic regression analysis of chronic respiratory symptoms and diseases in older men and women by profession, age, place of longest residence and smoking habits did not show statistically significant difference between effects of those variables on the development of respiratory symptoms and disease. The measured values of ventilatory capacity tests were decreased up to 70-79 years of age. After that there is no decrease expressed as a percentage of reference values.
Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) has been known as an endemic region for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) for over 50 years. Multiple epidemics of this disease have been registered so far, ...especially in endemic parts of Central and Northeastern Bosnia, as well as the Sarajevo region. Seroepidemiological investigations demonstrate naturalization of Hantaviruses and their wide spread in B&H. However, there are no studies from the southern areas of B&H, and endemic foci of this disease are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution and serologic prevalence of Hantavirus infections by testing for specific IgG antibodies against hantaviruses in the population of Herzegovina. This study included two groups of participants. The target group consisted of 300 participants from exposed professional and population groups, and control group included 100 educators with lower exposure to HFRS. Identification of specific IgG antibodies against hantaviruses in 16 participants confirmed an initial assumption about the presence of Hantavirus infections in the region of interest. Seroprevalence of 5% was registered in the »exposed« and 1% in the »unexposed« group. Simultaneous circulation of Puumala (PUU) and Dobrava (DOB) viruses was discovered. The frequency of positive antibody results was higher in the population above 50 years of age, and three times more prevalent in men then at women. The highest proportion of exposed participants (80%) was registered in the municipalities which geographically belong to high or mountainous Herzegovina.
The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the snakebites in patients hospitalized at the Mostar Clinical Hospital, admitted between 1983 and 2006. A total of 341 patients were recorded, ...with moderate men predominance (52.8%). Majority of patients were bitten for the first time (99.1%). In 98.8% of patients snakebite occurred to the bare skin, most commonly during June to September period (64.2%). Snakebites were the commonest in agricultural workers (48.1%). Until 2003 all admitted patients were treated according to Russel’s scheme (3-anti). As of 2003 new treatment scheme was applied, resulting in the reduction of antidote and supportive treatment use, causing a reduction in the number of clinically apparent allergic reactions. Serum sickness was recorded in only 2 patients, while lethal outcome was recorded in one (0.3%). Overall results indicate that lethality of snakebite is low, and that patients were often administered treatment without medical indication. High number of tourists as well as the presence of the peace keeping troops and other visiting personnel in this region make the snakebites and awareness on snakes not only a local issue, but also more general concern.
Prikazi Ivanković, Iva; Abramac, Gabi; Bedeniković, Ivan ...
Društvena istraživanja - Časopis za opća društvena pitanja,
2016, Letnik:
25, Številka:
3
Book Review
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Anat Stavans, Charlotte Hoffmann, MULTILINGUALISM, Cambridge University Press, 2015., 303 str.
Lynn Davidman, BECOMING UN- -ORTHODOX Stories of Ex-Hasidic Jews, Oxford University Press, 2015., 253 ...str.
Hrvoje Špehar (Ur.), EUROPSKI SEKULARNI IDENTITETI, Zbornik radova JeanMonnetmodula Sekularna Europa: europski sekularni identiteti, Biblioteka Politička misao i Centar za europske studije Fakulteta političkih znanosti Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, 2015., 159 str.
Richard Susskind, Daniel Susskind, THE FUTURES OF THE PROFESSIONS: HOW TECHNOLOGY WILL TRANSFORM THE WORK OF HUMAN EXPERTS, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, 2015., 346 str.
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