Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS) is considered a critical carbon dioxide reduction technology for climate change mitigation. More recently, it has been attracting significant attention ...from the Chinese government, industry and academia in relation to its research, development and deployment. This paper screens 1,202 unique scientific articles from Web of Science related to China's CCUS and employs Citespace to conduct a knowledge mapping of the domain. The results show that the number of publications have increased and CCUS has become a multidisciplinary area of study. The paper visually demonstrates the most productive institutions, main authors, and primary sources of China's CCUS research domain. Moreover, the paper explains how the research topics have changed over time and discovers the current research frontiers including “pipeline”, “shale gas” and “steel”. Of significant interest is the finding that China's CCUS research progress appears to be directly related to the increasing policy support through China's five-year planning process. However, research regarding public perception, financial mechanisms and appropriate business models for CCUS deployment is found to be less prevalent. Recommendations to improve research in these areas are provided from the perspective of government intervention. This paper also highlights the importance of continued government support for CCUS as part of the national development strategy for carbon emissions reduction and transitioning towards a low carbon future.
•The evolution of China's CCUS research is identified using a bibliometric method.•Outlines research foci, most productive organizations, main authors and top-tier journals.•Government intervention appears the most significant driver for CCUS development in China.•Three research areas−“pipeline”, “shale gas” and “steel”− are receiving strongest policy support.•The topics “public perception”, “financial mechanisms”, and “business models”− lack sufficient focus in China.
Stimuli‐responsive optical materials have received tremendous interest in the last several decades due to their numerous promising applications. Here, fluorescence emissive polymer carbon dots ...(F‐CDs), prepared with a simple heating treatment from ethylenediamine and phosphoric acid, are found to produce unexpected ultralong room‐temperature phosphorescence (URTP), which lasts for about 10 s with a lifetime of 1.39 s. This is the first example to achieve the conversion of a fluorescence material to URTP by means of an external heating stimulus. Further investigations reveal that the doping of N and P elements and self‐immobilization of the excited triplet species are likely mainly responsible for the observed URTP after the heating treatment, due to the facilitation of the intersystem crossing and formation of more compact cores for effective intraparticle hydrogen bonds, respectively. Importantly, this study also demonstrates the potential for aqueous dispersion of the F‐CDs as an advanced security ink for information encryption and anticounterfeiting; this is a feature that has not been reported before. This study is believed to open possibilities to extend stimuli‐responsive optical materials to rarely exploited phosphorescence‐relevant systems and applications, and also to provide a novel strategy to easily prepare URTP materials.
Fluorescence‐emissive polymer carbon dots are found to produce unexpected ultralong room‐temperature phosphorescence via a heating treatment, which lasts for about 10 s with a lifetime of 1.39 s. Such a specific and unique feature is further demonstrated to be of great potentials in advanced information encryption and anticounterfeiting.
Long‐lifetime room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials are important for many applications, but they are highly challenging materials owing to the spin‐forbidden nature of triplet exciton ...transitions. Herein, a facile, quick and gram‐scale method for the preparation of ultralong RTP (URTP) carbon dots (CDs) was developed via microwave‐assisted heating of ethanolamine and phosphoric acid aqueous solution. The CDs exhibit the longest RTP lifetime, 1.46 s (more than 10 s to naked eye) for CDs‐based materials to date. The doping of N and P elements is critical for the URTP which is considered to be favored by a n→π* transition facilitating intersystem crossing (ISC) for effectively populating triplet excitons. In addition, possibilities of formation of hydrogen bonds in the interior of the CDs may also play a significant role in producing RTP. Potential applications of the URTP CDs in the fields of anti‐counterfeiting and information protection are proposed and demonstrated.
Glowing dots: A facile, gram‐scale method for ultralong‐lifetime room‐temperature phosphorescence carbon dots gives materials with phosphorescence lifetimes of up to 1.46 s and more than 10 s to naked eye. Potential applications in anti‐counterfeiting and information protection are demonstrated.
The achievement of long afterglow in aqueous solution and as well as with small effects of dissolved oxygen is critical for its applications, but this is still a highly difficult and challenging ...task. Herein, a novel strategy for facilely preparing room temperature long afterglow material is reported via covalently fixing carbon dots (CDs) onto colloidal nanosilica (nSiO2). The as-obtained materials (named m-CDs@nSiO2) show not only an unexpected long afterglow emission in water dispersion (lifetime as high as 0.703 s) but also with small effects of the dissolved oxygen. Further studies revealed that the observed long afterglow of m-CDs@nSiO2 possesses a predominant delayed fluorescence nature and mixed with a portion of phosphorescence. Some key knowledge that can be concluded from this study are (i) covalent interaction could be employed as an option to fix and rigidify triplet emission species; (ii) covalent bonds fixation strategy could behave as a better alternative than that of the frequently used hydrogen/halogen bonds for stabilizing triplets, because this benefits in extending the occurrence of long afterglow from only solid to solution/dispersion forms; and (iii) the containing unsaturated bonds (e.g., CC) on the surface of CDs make them to be self-protection agents from the usual quenching effects of oxygen to the triplets due to their capabilities of reaction with oxygen during the irradiation process. On the basis of the unique long afterglow features of m-CDs@nSiO2 in water dispersion and oxygen insensitivity, a moisture-related strategy for high-level information protection is proposed and demonstrated.
A catalytic domino spirocyclization of 1,7-enynes with simple cycloalkanes and cyclo-1,3-dicarbonyls has been established via multiple C–C bond formations from alkynyl/alkenyl functions and dual ...α,α-C(sp3)-H abstraction/insertion. The reaction involves addition, 6-exo-dig cyclization and radical coupling sequences under convenient catalytic conditions and provides a concise access to spiro cyclopentacquinolines in good to excellent yields.
A facile approach for preparation of photoluminescent (PL) carbon dots (CDs) is reported. The three resulting CDs emit bright and stable red, green and blue (RGB) colors of luminescence, under a ...single ultraviolet‐light excitation. Alterations of PL emission of these CDs are tentatively proposed to result from the difference in their particle size and nitrogen content. Interestingly, up‐conversion (UC)PL of these CDs is also observed. Moreover, flexible full‐color emissive PVA films can be achieved through mixing two or three CDs in the appropriate ratios. These CDs also show low cytotoxicity and excellent cellular imaging capability. The facile preparation and unique optical features make these CDs potentially useful in numerous applications such as light‐emitting diodes, full‐color displays, and multiplexed (UC)PL bioimaging.
On the dot: A facile approach to photoluminescent carbon dots (CDs) that can be excited by a single wavelength and demonstrate emission of the three primary colors (red, green, and blue) is reported. The resulting CDs can be potentially used in the fabrication of flexible full‐color emission films and in multicolor cellular imaging.
Photoluminescence (PL), up‐conversion PL (UCPL), and phosphorescence are three kinds of phenomena common to light‐emitting materials, but it is very difficult to observe all of them simultaneously ...when they are derived from a single material at room temperature. For the first time, triple‐mode emission (that is, PL, UCPL, and room temperature phosphorescence (RTP)) is reported, which relies on a composite of the luminescent carbon dots (CDs) prepared from m‐phenylenediamine and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). Moreover, the CDs‐PVA aqueous dispersion is nearly colorless and demonstrates promise as a triple‐mode emission ink in the field of advanced anti‐counterfeiting.
Show me the money! A composite comprising carbon dots exhibits three kinds of emission simultaneously: photoluminescence (PL), up‐conversion PL (UCPL), and room temperature phosphorescence (RTP). This unique feature could be applied to combat counterfeiting in the form of a printable ink with three modes of optical authentication.
We describe the application of S−H bond insertion reactions of aryl diazoacetates with cysteine residues that enabled metal‐free, S−H functionalization under visible‐light conditions. Moreover, this ...process could be intensified by a continuous‐flow photomicroreactor on the acceleration of the reaction (6.5 min residence time). The batch and flow protocols described were applied to obtain a wide range of functionalized cysteine derivatives and cysteine‐containing dipeptides, thus providing a straightforward and general platform for their functionalizations in mild conditions.
With the rapid expanse and progress of flexible/wearable electronics, it is highly desirable to develop flexible/stretchable power sources, as it is a key technique for the realization of fully ...flexible integrated systems. Lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) are one of the most ideal candidates of power sources because of their attractive features of high energy density, high power density, and long cycle life. The recent progress of flexible/stretchable LIBs from the viewpoint of device structure design is reviewed herein, as the device configurations are vital for the practical applications of flexible/stretchable LIBs. The remaining challenges and future opportunities for this emerging field are also highlighted from the viewpoint of practical applications.
Device configurations are vital for the practical applications of flexible/stretchable lithium‐ion batteries, which affect the electrochemical performance, mechanical flexibility or stretchability, and practical applications. This review summarizes recent progress in the development of flexible/stretchable LIBs in terms of device configurations, and their applications in fully flexible/stretchable integrated systems.
While the hydrogen atom ion (HAA) from C(sp3)−H bond has been well explored, the radical‐mediated chemo‐ and regio‐selective functionalization of allenic C(sp2)−H bond via direct HAA from C(sp2)−H ...bond of allene remains an unsolved challenge in synthetic chemistry. This is primarily due to inherent challenges with addition of radical intermediates to allenes, regioselectivity of HAA process, instability of allenyl radical toward propargyl radical et al. Herein, we report a copper catalyzed allenic C(sp2)−H cyanation of an array of tri‐ and di‐substituted allenes with exceptional site‐selectivity, while mono‐substituted allene was successfully cyanated, albeit with a low yield. In the developed strategy, steric N‐fluoro‐N‐alkylsulfonamide, serving as precursor of hydrogen atom or, plays a crucial role in achieving the desired regioselectivity and avoiding addition of N‐centered radical to allene.
While hydrogen atom ion (HAA) from C(sp3)−H bond has been well explored, radical‐mediated chemo‐ and regioselective allenic C(sp2)−H bond functionalization via direct HAA from the allene represents an inherent challenge and remains an unsolved problem. Herein, we report a copper catalyzed allenic C(sp2)−H cyanation of several tri‐, di‐ and mono‐substituted allenes with exceptional site‐selectivity.
