Emerging infectious diseases, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Zika virus disease, present a major threat to public health
. Despite intense research efforts, how, when and where ...new diseases appear are still a source of considerable uncertainty. A severe respiratory disease was recently reported in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. As of 25 January 2020, at least 1,975 cases had been reported since the first patient was hospitalized on 12 December 2019. Epidemiological investigations have suggested that the outbreak was associated with a seafood market in Wuhan. Here we study a single patient who was a worker at the market and who was admitted to the Central Hospital of Wuhan on 26 December 2019 while experiencing a severe respiratory syndrome that included fever, dizziness and a cough. Metagenomic RNA sequencing
of a sample of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from the patient identified a new RNA virus strain from the family Coronaviridae, which is designated here 'WH-Human 1' coronavirus (and has also been referred to as '2019-nCoV'). Phylogenetic analysis of the complete viral genome (29,903 nucleotides) revealed that the virus was most closely related (89.1% nucleotide similarity) to a group of SARS-like coronaviruses (genus Betacoronavirus, subgenus Sarbecovirus) that had previously been found in bats in China
. This outbreak highlights the ongoing ability of viral spill-over from animals to cause severe disease in humans.
Soaring cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are pummeling the global health system. Overwhelmed health facilities have endeavored to mitigate the pandemic, but mortality of COVID-19 continues to ...increase. Here, we present a mortality risk prediction model for COVID-19 (MRPMC) that uses patients' clinical data on admission to stratify patients by mortality risk, which enables prediction of physiological deterioration and death up to 20 days in advance. This ensemble model is built using four machine learning methods including Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, Gradient Boosted Decision Tree, and Neural Network. We validate MRPMC in an internal validation cohort and two external validation cohorts, where it achieves an AUC of 0.9621 (95% CI: 0.9464-0.9778), 0.9760 (0.9613-0.9906), and 0.9246 (0.8763-0.9729), respectively. This model enables expeditious and accurate mortality risk stratification of patients with COVID-19, and potentially facilitates more responsive health systems that are conducive to high risk COVID-19 patients.
The HEPS project Jiao, Yi; Xu, Gang; Cui, Xiao-Hao ...
Journal of synchrotron radiation,
November 2018, Letnik:
25, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The High Energy Photon Source (HEPS), a 6 GeV green‐field diffraction‐limited storage ring light source, will be built in Beijing, China. The HEPS design has been evolving for about ten years, and is ...now mostly finished and ready for construction. The storage ring is based on a modified hybrid seven‐bend achromat (7BA) design, where bending magnets with reverse bending angles and longitudinal gradients are adopted to reach an ultralow natural emittance of 34.2 pm with a circumference of 1360.4 m. The central slice of the dipole in the middle of the modified hybrid 7BA, with flexible magnetic field, is used as the source of the bending‐magnet beamline. Moreover, alternating high‐ and low‐beta sections are specially designed to generate and deliver X‐ray synchrotron radiation with high brightness of 5 × 1022 photons s−1 mm−2 mrad−2 (0.1% bandwidth)−1. Here, the HEPS storage ring design and solutions to the challenges inherent in this ultralow‐emittance design are presented.
Details of the High Energy Photon Source (HEPS), a 6 GeV green‐field diffraction‐limited storage ring light source to be built in China, are presented.
Zizhines V, W, Y, Z, (±)‐zizhines X, and Z1−Z3, and (±)‐ganosinensol L, thirteen new compounds including four pairs of enantiomers and a known compound (−)‐ganosinensol L, were isolated from the ...fruiting bodies of Ganoderma sinensis. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic, computational methods, and CD (circular dichroism spectroscopy) comparisons. Zizhines V−Z and Z1−Z3 are meroterpenoids consisting of the phenolic and the terpenoidal parts. All the compounds except zizhine Z3 bear a common trans‐p‐hydroxycinnamoyl group. Biological evaluation shows that (−)‐zizhine Z1 inhibits cell migration in the MDA‐MB‐231 cell lines. The present study discloses the chemical profiling of G. sinensis and paves the way for its development as functional products to benefit chronic disorders.
The Moon has a magmatic and thermal history that is distinct from that of the terrestrial planets
. Radioisotope dating of lunar samples suggests that most lunar basaltic magmatism ceased by around ...2.9-2.8 billion years ago (Ga)
, although younger basalts between 3 Ga and 1 Ga have been suggested by crater-counting chronology, which has large uncertainties owing to the lack of returned samples for calibration
. Here we report a precise lead-lead age of 2,030 ± 4 million years ago for basalt clasts returned by the Chang'e-5 mission, and a
U/
Pb ratio (µ value)
of about 680 for a source that evolved through two stages of differentiation. This is the youngest crystallization age reported so far for lunar basalts by radiometric dating, extending the duration of lunar volcanism by approximately 800-900 million years. The µ value of the Chang'e-5 basalt mantle source is within the range of low-titanium and high-titanium basalts from Apollo sites (µ value of about 300-1,000), but notably lower than those of potassium, rare-earth elements and phosphorus (KREEP) and high-aluminium basalts
(µ value of about 2,600-3,700), indicating that the Chang'e-5 basalts were produced by melting of a KREEP-poor source. This age provides a pivotal calibration point for crater-counting chronology in the inner Solar System and provides insight on the volcanic and thermal history of the Moon.
•A mixotrophic microalgae Chlorella sp. G-9 was separated from a WWTP.•Increasing TOC/TN ratio of wastewater promoted algal growth and nutrient removal.•Growth rate of microalgae did not increase as ...TOC/TN ratio increased from 24 to 30.•99.58% and 99.61% nitrogen was removed in the wastewaters with TOC/TN of 24 and 30.•The highest lipid content of 36.5% was achieved in wastewater with TOC/TN of 30.
This study investigated the biomass/lipid production, nutrient removal and fatty acid composition of an isolated mixotrophic microalga (Chlorella sp. G-9) cultured in simulated wastewater with different TOC/TN ratio. As the TOC/TN ratio of wastewater increased from 0 to 24, the growth rate of Chlorella sp. G-9 increased gradually, but did not increase further at 30. Nutrient removal was related to microalgae growth. In the wastewater with TOC/TN ratio of 24 and 30, 99.58% and 99.61% nitrogen was removed, respectively. In conditions of initial TOC/TN ratios of 24 and 30, Chlorella sp. G-9 could accumulate lipid as high as 35.3% and 36.5%, respectively. The corresponding lipid productivities were 34.2 and 32.6 mg L−1 d−1, respectively, which were 13.7 and 13.0 times higher than those in photoautotrophic condition. Increasing the initial TOC/TN ratio of the wastewater could slightly increase the saturated degree in fatty acid, thereby improving the stability of biodiesel.
Light can be coupled into propagating electromagnetic surface waves at a metal-dielectric interface known as surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). This process has traditionally faced challenges in the ...polarization sensitivity of the coupling efficiency and in controlling the directionality of the SPPs. We designed and demonstrated plasmonic couplers that overcome these limits using polarization-sensitive apertures in a gold film. Our devices enable polarization-controlled tunable directional coupling with polarization-invariant total conversion efficiency and preserve the incident polarization information. Both bidirectional and unidirectional launching of SPPs are demonstrated. The design is further applied to circular structures that create radially convergent and divergent SPPs, illustrating that this concept can be extended to a broad range of applications.
The incidence of septic acute kidney injury (AKI) is increasing, it has become a major threat to human health because of its acute onset, poor prognosis, and high hospital costs. The most common ...cause of AKI in critical-care units is sepsis. Septic AKI is a complex and multi-factorial process; its pathogenesis is not fully understood. In sepsis, the destruction of mucosal barriers, intestinal flora disorders, intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury, use of antibiotics, and lack of intestinal nutrients lead to an inflammatory reactions that in turn affects the metabolism and immunity of the host. Such changes further influence the occurrence and development of AKI. New technology is enabling various detection methods for intestinal flora. Clinical application of these methods in septic renal injury is expected to clarify the relationship among pathogenesis, disease progression mechanism, and intestinal flora.
An alkynyl‐protected gold nanocluster, Au22(tBuC≡C)18 (1), has been synthesized and its structure has been determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The molecular structure consists of a Au13 ...cuboctahedron kernel and three Au3(tBuC≡C)4 trimeric staples. The cluster 1 has strong luminescence in the solid state with a 15 % quantum yield, and it displays interesting thermochromic luminescence as revealed by temperature‐dependent emission spectra. The enhanced room‐temperature emission is characterized as thermally activated delayed fluorescence.
Total determination: The total structure determination of an alkynyl‐protected gold nanocluster, Au22(tBuC≡C)18, has been achieved. It consists of a Au13 cuboctahedron kernel and three Au3(tBuC≡C)4 trimeric staples. The cluster displays strong thermochromic luminescence characterized as thermally activated delayed fluorescence.
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