Introduction: Hospitals account for the largest share of health care expenditures, which are mainly financed by public funds. In healthcare, it is of paramount importance that the management focus ...not on reducing costs at the expense of patient health, but on improving the value and thus the healthcare outcomes. In addition to the economic factors used to determine a hospital's cost efficiency, non-economic or soft factors should be considered. The aim of this study was to elucidate the influence of non-financial factors on a hospital's cost-efficiency.
Method: An online survey was conducted among the staff of a typical Slovenian general hospital (N = 150).
Results: Self-assessment of cost-efficiency was influenced by communication in the hospital, satisfaction and cooperation within the multidisciplinary team, willingness of employees to innovate, cooperation with external providers and evaluation of the quality of healthcare. Communication with the patient had the greatest impact, followed by communication with external providers and communication with the management.
Conclusion: In order to reduce costs while maintaining or even improving the healthcare outcomes, communication with patients is extremely important.
This article deals with the imagery of 'Australia' in contemporary Slovenia. In an analysis of both Slovene media texts and interviews with 32 Slovenes who want to immigrate to Australia, we explore ...a constructed image of Australia. We closely consider the symbolic imagery that shapes our informants' discourses about Australia in order to focus on sociocultural elements of migration, where the imagination plays a key role. We suggest that a closer examination of Slovene informants' narratives about Australia will reveal more important contemporary global migration factors and the power of media in affecting potential migrants' migration decisions. The article assesses the image of Australia in Slovenia, with the overall objective of demonstrating the urgency of critically rethinking the sense of belonging to both motherland and host country. We suggest that images and stereotypes of Australia are not just invented, but are also actively encouraged and negotiated within Slovene society.
Since existing research has failed to consider how primary school pupils use Facebook for informal learning and to enhancing social capital, we attempted to fill this research gap by conducting 60 ...indepth interviews and thinkaloud sessions with Slovenian primary school pupils. Furthermore, we used content analysis to evaluate their Facebook profiles. The results of the study show that Slovenian pupils regularly use Facebook for informal learning. Pupils are aware that they use Facebook for learning and they use it primarily as social support, which is seen as exchanging practical information, learning about technology, evaluation of their own and other people’s work, emotional support, organising group work and communicating with teachers. In using Facebook, pupils acquire bridging and bonding social capital; they maintain an extensive network of weak ties that are a source of bridging capital, and deeper relationships that provide them with emotional support and a source of bonding capital. Key differences between the participants were found in the expression of emotional support. Female participants are more likely to use Facebook for this purpose, and more explicitly express their emotions. This study also showed that our participants saw a connection between the use of Facebook and the knowledge and skills they believed their teachers valued in school.
Teniendo en cuenta que la investigación ha descuidado el estudio de cómo los alumnos de primaria hacen uso de Facebook para el aprendizaje informal y cómo potencia el capital social, el presente trabajo intenta llenar dicho vacío con sesenta entrevistas en profundidad y el protocolo de pensamientos en voz alta con alumnos de escuelas primarias eslovenas. Para analizar el perfil de Facebook también incluimos un análisis de contenido. Los resultados del estudio demuestran que los alumnos eslovenos con frecuencia utilizan Facebook para el aprendizaje informal. El estudio no solo muestra que los estudiantes son conscientes del uso de Facebook para el aprendizaje y lo utilizan en primer lugar como apoyo social, sino también ofrece muestras de intercambio práctico de información, aprendizaje de tecnología, (auto)evaluación, apoyo emocional, organización de grupo de trabajo y comunicación con los profesores. Con el uso de Facebook, los estudiantes adquieren competencias relacionales y vinculación de capital social, pues mantienen una amplia red de lazos débiles, capaz de generar relaciones más profundas con apoyo emocional y fuentes de unión. Las principales diferencias entre los participantes se refieren a la expresión del apoyo emocional. Las participantes femeninas prefieren Facebook para dichos fines y expresan con más habilidad sus emociones. El estudio muestra además que nuestros participantes perciben una conexión entre el uso de Facebook y el conocimiento y destrezas que ellos pensaban que sus profesores valoraban en la escuela.
Nove tehnologije v zadnjih desetletjih korenito spreminjajo jezikovno rabo. Vkljucevanje v razlicna druzbena omrezja in virtualno klepetanje oz. komentiranje poteka prek jezikovnih strategij, ki ...ustvarjajo nove besedilne vrste in v njih jezikovne izbire, prilagojene novim funkcijam vedno bolj mobilnega in azurnega uporabnika. Ena novejsih oblik komuniciranja je Twitter. Zaradi svoje interaktivne funkcije je postal eno od najpopularnejsih druzbenih omrezij (Parmelee, Bichard 2012). Stevil- nim uporabnikom omogoca interakcijo, ki je ne bi mogli vzpostaviti in vzdrzevati z medosebnim odnosom (Arceneux, Schmitz Weiss 2010). Objavlja kratka besedila, poslana prek racunalnika ali mobilnih naprav, in je zato idealen za analizo jezikovnih sredstev vrednotenja v omejenem kontekstu. Prednost mikrobloga je, da omogoca hitro objavo mnenjskih odzivov posameznikov na posamezna druzbena dogajanja in intenzivno interakcijo med njimi, s katero ustvarjajo »virtualno skupnost« (Rhein- Gold 1993). Tematsko zaokrozena interakcija je zelo primerna za raziskovanje inte- rakcije vsebinsko zamejene virtualne skupnosti (Michele ZaPPaviGna 2011). V primerjavi z drugimi druzbenimi omrezji je Twitter pomemben tudi zato, ker njegova sporocila (tviti)1 presegajo sfero zasebnega sporocanja in so pomemben javni vir druzbenega dogajanja (Hermida 2013). Analiza jezika tvitov, ki bi povezala jezikovne izbire in ustvarjanje vrednotenjskih zarisc, bi prispevala k razumevanju aktualnega jezikovne- ga vedênja, ki ga omogocajo nove tehnologije ter spreminjajo dosedanje jezikovne in druzbene strategije. S studijo bomo skusali tudi zavrniti pogosto kritiko Twitterja, da objavlja predvsem vsebinsko prazna sporocila, ki nimajo medosebne interakcijske vrednosti (Arceneaux, Schmitz Weiss 2010). Stalisce je najbolj neposreden odraz vrednostnega konstruiranja predmetov per- cepcije prek pripisovanja obcih pomenov, zato verjetno v splosni, nestrokovni rabi najpogosteje in najtesneje povezano s pojmom vrednotenja. Clenjeno je na tri poddi- menzije, in sicer custva (affect), nanasa se na vire za razlago custvenih odzivov, ki v primeru te poddimenzije ni posebej opredeljeno in je lahko aktant, njegovo dejanje, dogodek, stanje ali stvar (na primer »Grozljivi dogodki prejsnjega tedna so nam spro- zili custva groze, skrbi in zdaj potrtosti«). Druga poddimenzija stalisca je presoja/ odnos do ljudi in njihovih dejanj (judgement), ki izhaja iz razlicnih normativnih nacel, vrednostnega okvira etike in morale ter zaobjema razlicne tipe izrazanja (ne) skladnosti clovekovih lastnosti in dejanj s posameznikovimi in/ali druzbenimi pri- cakovanji (na primer, »Se huje, to pomeni vec administracije, vec revscine in gro- zenj«). Tretja podkategorija odnosa je presoja/odnos do entitet, stanj, procesov (appreciation) in se nanasa na vire, ki ustvarjajo vrednotenje stvari, vkljucno z narav- nimi pojavi in semiozami (kot izdelki ali procesi) glede na estetiko ali vrednost (npr. »In kot bonus smo slisali destruktivno, katarzicno razlicico pesmi Jima Hendrixa.« (MarTin, whiTe 2005: 35). Pomeni vseh leksemov v omenjenih poddimenzijah sta- lisc so na podlagi semanticne usmerjenosti oziroma polarnosti razvrsceni v proti- pomenske pare. Pomene razdelimo na vrednostno pozitivne, negativne in nevtralne, pri cemer sta pozitivna in negativna valenca, vsaj pri sodobnejsih pristopih, navadno razumljeni kot vecstopenjski. Novejse studije SFJ (Martin 2000, 2007; Knight 2008; Sumin Zhao 2010; Zappavigna 2011) priporocajo, da se analiza vrednotenja poveze z analizo sklapljanja (coupling), tj. analizo tistih jezikovnih sredstev, ki razkrivajo vrednote, izrazene za pripadnost. Pripadnost je simultan proces povezovanja in identitetnega pogajanja, v katerem se udelezenci na podlagi lastnih stalisc povezujejo z drugimi clani skupnosti (kniGhT 2008: 487). Pripadnostno skupnost na Twitterju razumemo v Goffmanovem (1963) smislu kot kratkotrajno skupnost, ki jo povezuje skupna tema. Vezi med udelezenci v skupnosti predstavljajo druzbeno dimenzijo v interakcijo vkljucenih udelezencev in so v besedilu izrazene s sklapljanjem vrednotenja z ideacijo (Martin 2000, 2007). ZaPPaviGna (2012a: 211) je opredelil sklapljanje kot soobstoj diskurzivnih seman- ticnih ali slovarsko-slovnicnih sistemov, ki se v besedilu uresnicujejo kot dolocen vzorec povezav. Koncept vkljucuje preprosto idejo jezikovne razporeditve; dve je- zikovni enoti se v besedilu pojavljata druga poleg druge (Zappavigna 2011). Knigh- tova (2008) je v svoji studiji o humorju v SMS-sporocilih dokazala, da vrednostni in ideacijski pomeni delujejo pripadnostno, torej pritegnejo druge uporabnike v vir- tualno skupnost. Zappavigna je v kvantitativni studiji 45.000 tvitov o zmagi Baraka Obame na predsedniskih volitvah leta 2008 ugotovil, da je tematska oznaka #Obama privabljala clane obcinstva, ki jih je zanimalo vrednotenje Obamove zmage (ZaPPa- viGna 2011: 800-01). Tematska oznaka #Obama je vkljucevala tvite, ki so temeljili na povezavi medosebnih in ideacijskih pomenov. V okviru te tematske oznake je bila v tvitih najpogosteje objavljena dvojica jezikovnih enot »Obama« in »srecni« (prav tam: 803). Medtem ko so studije pripadnosti na Twitterju, ki temeljijo na merjenju po- gostosti interakcije, koristne, je treba razumeti tudi znacilnosti vrednotenjskega jezika za pripadnost na Twitterju v konkretnih jezikovnih izbirah, kar bomo skusali pokazati na primeru slovenskih tvitov o olimpijskih igrah. Medosebna funkcija se jasno kaze z ogovorom sportnikov v zvalniskih pastavkih in oblikami velelnika v 1. osebi mn., s katerim so uporabniki ustvarjali navijasko skupnost, tako da so se vkljucili vanjo in ustvarili omejeni sporocanjski krog, ta je namrec po vsakokratni tekmi razpadel (prim. korosec 1998: 166). Prva oseba mnozine je v primerjavi s Koroscevim opisom omejenega sporocanjskega kroga v novinarskih besedilih pri tvitih v drugacni funkciji: prva oseba je sicer res sestevek tvorca tvita in naslovnikov, a je vkljucitev zgolj custvena3 in hkrati prekrivna s po- govornim velevanjem, ki sicer v zapisu niha med knjiznostjo in pogovornostjo (daj- mo/dejmo, prim. ToPorisic 2000: 519). Pripadnost je bila ustvarjena s sklapljanjem imena sportnikov (v zvalniski obliki) in eksplicitnega pozitivnega odnosa do ljudi in njihovih dejanj, ki mu je obicajno sledil eden ali vec klicajev in/ali smeskov, ki so stopnjevali sporocilnost in custvenost. Tipicen je primer prevladujoce povezave pozitivna presoja/odnos do ljudi in njihovih dejanj: »Dajmo/Gremo, ime spor- tnika!«, ki mu je bil pogosto dodano tudi pozitivno custvo spodbujanja k uspehu »Drzimo/Stiskajmo pesti!«. Tu je prva oseba mnozine vezana zgolj na sonavijasko skupnost in ne vkljucuje sportnika, a vendarle vzpostavlja novi omejeni sporocanjski krog vsakokratne navijaske skupnosti. Ta vzorec vkljucuje vzorec tipicnih tvitov, ki so prikazani spodaj:
Hospital health care of a patient represents a part of the patient’s “journey” through the healthcare system and as such is not delivered independently, but in a personalized integrated manner. To ...achieve a better outcome of personalized medical health care of patients in hospital, it is necessary to systematically transform the existing clinical pathways (CPs) into integrated clinical pathways (ICPs). The aim of the study was to investigate stakeholder’s perceptions of the content and barriers to transforming CPs into ICPs on the example of a general hospital in Slovenia. That is how we obtained microdata for systemic measures at the level of general hospitals in Slovenia.
The cross-sectional study used a qualitative method with interviews and focus groups with patients, nurses, other healthcare workers and managers working in ICPs for chronic kidney disease and hip replacement in a typical Slovenian hospital.
The results showed that ICPs could be divided into five basic phases. In all phases, additions to the existing CPs in order to turn them into ICPs were necessary, which was an additional burden, especially for the nurses.
Personalized health care through ICPs is patient-centered, shorter, holistic, coordinated, continuous, of higher quality for patients and sustainably more efficient for providers.
Because news websites' comments have become an important space of spreading hate speech, this article tries to contribute to uncovering the characteristics of Internet hate speech by combining ...discourse analyses of comments on Slovenian news websites with online in-depth interviews with producers of hate speech comments, researching their values, beliefs, and motives for production. Producers of hate speech use different strategies, mostly rearticulating the meaning of news items. The producers either are organized or act on their own initiative. The main motive of soldiers and believers is the mission; they share characteristics of an authoritarian personality. The key motives of the players are thrill and fun. The watchdogs are motivated by drawing attention to social injustice. The last two groups share the characteristics of a libertarian personality.
BACKGROUND: In the search for innovative methods to improve the quality and efficiency of health services, integrated clinical pathways (ICPs) have been introduced. AIM: As there is a gap in research ...on ICP efficiency, the aim of the study was to investigate the role and impact of collaboration and communication among three interprofessional ICP teams on the self-assessment of efficiency of ICPs. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a descriptive quantitative with a survey (N = 152) and qualitative methods with a focus group (N = 27) and in-depth interviews (N = 22) in a typical general hospital in Slovenia. RESULTS: The results showed that health care professionals found patient health care and the work of health care professionals’ better quality with ICP than without ICP. The ICPs team members assessed communication, cooperation and effectiveness in the ICP team as relatively good but identified the lack of staff as the main reason for their limitations. The impact of ICP team collaboration and communication on ICP safety exists but it does not explain a sufficient proportion of the variance and the corelation is medium strong. The result also revealed that the Covid-19 pandemic did not primarily affect ICP team members' fear of possible infection, as studies have shown in the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic, but rather staff shortages leading to increased fear of errors and possible complaints and lawsuits from patients and relatives. CONCLUSION: Measures are needed for the additional employment of team members and the retention of current staff through financial compensation and the promotion of supportive workplace characteristics.
This article presents an analysis of the self-representation of the smaller (non-Serbian and non-Kosovo-Albanian) minorities in Kosovo. On the basis of in-depth interviews with representatives of ...different minorities living in Kosovo such as Roma, Ashkali, Egyptians, Bosniaks, Gorani, Croats and Turks, we reveal the ways in which they express their perceptions of living in the "new" Kosovo. The main contention of the article is that while these minority groups openly express that they are subject to discrimination and acknowledge how Kosovo Albanians and Serbs frame them as the "Other", they want to remain "hidden". Adapted from the source document.
In order to raise citizens’ awareness of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and to develop an effective communication campaign on the SDGs, it is crucial to know citizens’ values, their ...awareness and knowledge of the SDGs, as well as how they receive information on sustainability. As no previous study has addressed this issue, this study aimed to fill a research gap and find out how demographic variables, personal values, awareness of sustainability challenges, information, and advertising influence citizens’ support for the SDGs. An online survey was conducted with representative Slovenian citizens (N = 502). The results showed that Slovenian citizens know little about sustainability issues and the SDGs. The greater the personal values, awareness of sustainability issues, higher education, efficient information, and trust in advertising, the greater the public support for the SDGs. To gain citizen support for the SDGs, it is important to plan a systematic communication campaign and government-led communication about the SDGs in the media. This includes information on sustainability issues, presentation of the environmental friendliness of a product/service, potential positive actions, and potential negative consequences.
ABSTRACT IN SLOVENE: Med volilno kampanjo za volitve v Evropski parlament so bili izvedeni intervjuji v fokusnih skupinah s 84 clani obcinstva in poglobljeni intervjuji s 50 novinarji/uredniki ...vplivnih slovenskih medijev. Rezultati so pokazali, da med intervjuvanimi clani obcinstva prevladujejo do Twitterja nevtralni, ki ne izkazujejo niti negativnega niti pozitivnega stalisca do Twitterja. Stalisce kritikov Twitterja do Twitterja in njegove uporabe v novinarstvu je izrazito negativno. Nad Twitterjem navduseni redno uporabljajo Twitter ter izkazujejo pozitivno stalisce do njega in njegove uporabe v novinarstvu. Med novinarji/uredniki prevladuje polarizirano stalisce do uporabe Twitterja v novinarstvu. Kritiki Twitterja izrazajo negativno stalisce uporabo Twitterja v novinarstvu oznacujejo kot politicno propagando, ker novinarji prednostno objavljajo sporocila tistih politikov, ki uporabljajo Twitter. Negativno stalisce do uporabe Twitterja v novinarstvu so utemeljevali z nenovicarsko vrednostjo tvitov, neargumentirano razpravo na Twitterju, z izlocitvijo novinarstva iz komuniciranja med politiki in drzavljani ter s preobremenjenostjo novinarjev z delom. Vsi nad Twitterjem navduseni so pozitivno stalisce do uporabe Twitterja v novinarstvu utemeljevali s hitro in poceni objavo, z jedrnatostjo tvitov, s transparentnostjo, samopromocijo in z vecjim dosegom prispevkov ter uporabnostjo Twitterja kot vira informacij. // ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH: During the campaign for elections to the EU Parliament interviews were carried out with 84 audience members in focus groups and in-depth interviews with 50 journalists/editors of influential Slovenian media. The results showed that `Twitter neutrals' - those who have neither a negative nor a positive attitude toward Twitter - predominated among the interviewed audience members. `Twitter critics' expressed highly negative attitudes toward Twitter and its use in journalism. `Twitter enthusiasts' regularly used Twitter and had positive attitudes toward it and its use in journalism. Journalists and editors were polarised in attitudes toward the use of Twitter in journalism. `Twitter critics' who had negative attitudes toward Twitter use in journalism considered it political propaganda, because journalists publish favourably the messages of those politicians who use Twitter. Arguments against the use of Twitter in journalism include the lack of news and discussion, elimination of journalists from communication between politicians and citizens and, conversely, the overburdening of journalists. `Twitter enthusiasts' had a favourable attitude towards the use of Twitter in journalism, arguing that it provides quick and cheap publication, brevity, transparency, self-promotion, and a greater reach. Reprinted by permission of European Institute for Communication and Culture
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