The presented paper investigates the problem of endoscopic bleeding detection in endoscopic videos in the form of a binary image classification task. A set of definitions of high-level visual ...features of endoscopic bleeding is introduced, which incorporates domain knowledge from the field. The high-level features are coupled with respective feature descriptors, enabling automatic capture of the features using image processing methods. Each of the proposed feature descriptors outputs a feature activation map in the form of a grayscale image. Acquired feature maps can be appended in a straightforward way to the original color channels of the input image and passed to the input of a convolutional neural network during the training and inference steps. An experimental evaluation is conducted to compare the classification ROC AUC of feature-extended convolutional neural network models with baseline models using regular color image inputs. The advantage of feature-extended models is demonstrated for the Resnet and VGG convolutional neural network architectures.
Chiral Brønsted base catalysis is a fascinating and highly explored field of research. For many years catalysts based on chincona alkaloid chiral scaffolds have constituted privileged systems widely ...employed in numerous base‐promoted organic transformations. Recently, a novel group of chiral base catalysts has been successfully introduced. The application of organosuperbases, namely cyclopropenimines, guanidines, and iminophosphoranes, as chiral catalysts is receiving increasing attention. The aim of this Concept article is to summarize recent progress in the field of chiral iminophosphorane superbase organocatalysis. Catalysts design, different approaches to their synthesis, and applications in asymmetric synthesis are outlined and discussed in detail.
All about that base! Recently, chiral iminophosphoranes (see scheme) have emerged as a new class of organosuperbase catalysts. This Concept article summarizes recent progress in this field of research. Catalyst design, different approaches to synthesis, and applications in asymmetric synthesis are outlined and discussed in detail.
240 Years have passed since the discovery of elemental phosphorus. During that time organophosphorus chemistry has emerged as an interesting and exciting field of research. Recently organophosphorus ...chemistry has been raised to a new level. Organophosphorus compounds have found applications in asymmetric organocatalysis for the synthesis of optically active compounds of synthetic or biological importance. The aim of this review article is to present recent contributions to this developing field of chemistry and to point out synthetic advantages of methodologies developed so far.
From the philosopher's stone to phosphorus: Organophosphorus compounds have found applications in asymmetric organocatalysis for the synthesis of optically active compounds of synthetic or biological importance. The aim of this review article is to present recent contributions to this developing field of chemistry and to point out synthetic advantages of methodologies developed so far.
Sailboat weather routing is a highly complex problem in terms of both the computational time and memory. The reason for this is a large search resulting in a multitude of possible routes and a ...variety of user preferences. Analysing all possible routes is only feasible for small sailing regions, low-resolution maps, or sailboat movements on a grid. Therefore, various heuristic approaches are often applied, which can find solutions within an acceptable time, sacrificing their optimality and accuracy. In this study, we propose a different approach based on the parallel implementation of an exact algorithm. Specifically, we present a Sailing Assistance Application (SAA) utilizing a deterministic approach and show how it can be parallelized in a cloud environment to reduce its execution time. The potential of the proposed parallelization method goes beyond the particular presented solution; it can be used to improve the performance of other weather routing tools such as collision avoidance and related applications.
Using mobile devices such as smartphones or iPads for various interactive applications is currently very common. In the case of complex applications, e.g. chess games, the capabilities of these ...devices are insufficient to run the application in real time. One of the solutions is to use cloud computing. However, there is an optimization problem of mobile device and cloud resources allocation. An iterative heuristic algorithm for application distribution is proposed. The algorithm minimizes the energy cost of application execution with constrained execution time.
The recently deployed supercomputer Tryton, located in the Academic Computer Center of Gdansk University of Technology, provides great means for massive parallel processing. Moreover, the status of ...the Center as one of the main network nodes in the PIONIER network enables the fast and reliable transfer of data produced by miscellaneous devices scattered in the area of the whole country. The typical examples of such data are streams containing radio-telescope and satellite observations. Their analysis, especially with real-time constraints, can be challenging and requires the usage of dedicated software components. We propose a solution for such parallel analysis using the supercomputer, supervised by the KASKADA platform, which with the conjunction with immerse 3D visualization techniques can be used to solve problems such as pulsar detection and chronometric or oil-spill simulation on the sea surface.
The paper presents a cyberspace model where different categories of IT services are offered and used largely. A general cybersecurity policy is considered and the corresponding cybersecurity ...strategies are shown. The role of such technologies as: Internet of Things, Cloud Computing and Big Data is analyzed in order to improve the cybersecurity of a cyberspace. A new kind of service oriented cyberspace is proposed and its main properties are emphasized. Two simple examples of such cyberspaces are given and briefly discussed.
Various understanding of human wisdom is discussed, from common-sense approaches through cognitive considerations to scientific analysis. The main cognitive levels are considered such as: filtering ...the available information about the appearing situation, comprehensive assessment of the situation, awareness of the consequences about the existing situation and reaction to the existing situation. The basic set of essential attributes like knowledge, skills, and inspirations are also analyzed. Based on these considerations some relations between cognitive levels and wisdom attributes are presented. It leads to a definition of the wisdom quotient which is a representative measure of human wisdom behaviors. Some representative cases of such behavior are specified and discussed as human attitudes. It is also shown how computer science approaches can support calculation of some wisdom indexes and, in consequence, allow understanding human wisdom.
Multiple algorithms classifying frames in video sequences consider them only as separate images. After pointing out the properties of real-life recordings and classifications of their frames, we ...propose a new shifting time window approach for improving binary classifications. It proceeds in two steps: First, well-known classification algorithms are used separately for each frame to acquire preliminary classifications. Secondly, the results of the previous step are analyzed in relatively short sequences of consecutive images (the shifting time window). Taking into account the continuous nature of analyzed real-life videos, the preliminary binary classification sequences can be corrected. In consequence, the classification quality is improved. Furthermore, we offer a systematic approach where all parameters of the proposed algorithm (such as the window length or vote weight distribution in the window) are considered and their optimal values are determined. Experiments on representative examples confirm the advantages of the proposed approach.
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