U radu se analiziraju neki od elemenata rada i stanovanja znanstvene populacije u Hrvatskoj dobiveni internetskom anketom koja je provedena 2017. godine. Anketa je upućena na adrese elektroničke ...pošte 7 269 znanstvenika, a odgovorilo ih je 1 966. Radne i stambene uvjete smješta se u suvremeni informatizacijski i postsocijalistički kontekst društva te ističe neke osnovne procese i fenomene koji na njih utječu, kao što su privatizacija stanovanja i fleksibilizacija rada. Nesigurnost radnih uvjeta koji iz njih proizlaze vidljiva je naročito kod mlađih znanstvenika. Testirane su razlike u zadovoljstvu znanstvenika radnim i stambenim uvjetima prema spolu, radnom statusu, tipu ustanove, mjestu rada i području bavljenja. Zadovoljniji su radnim uvjetima oni zaposleni izvan Zagreba od onih zaposlenih u Zagrebu te su muškarci zadovoljniji od žena. Stalno zaposleni ispitanici zadovoljniji su od ispitanika zaposlenih na određeno vrijeme. U boljem su stambenom položaju znanstvenici zaposleni na neodređeno, koji su i više sudjelovali u subvencioniranoj kupnji vlastitog stana. Za razliku od njih, zaposlene na određeno često prate nesigurni radni uvjeti, a uzrok tomu može se naći i u novoj znanstvenoj politici sve više okrenutoj tržištu. Zaključno, prema osnovnim stambenim kriterijima znanstvenu populaciju temeljno obilježava nastavak i jačanje modela privatizacije stanovanja započetog u tranzicijskom razdoblju u kojem je posjedovanje vlastitog stana poželjan stambeni status. U radnom smislu mora se istaknuti podijeljena situacija te kako postoji određeno zadovoljstvo radom, ali i iscrpljenost i nesigurnost koju u većoj mjeri osjećaju žene i mlađi znanstvenici.
Radni i stambeni uvjeti znanstvenika u Hrvatskoj Svirčić Gotovac, Anđelina; Petrović, Nikola; Krištofić, Branimir
Revija za sociologiju,
2019, Letnik:
49, Številka:
1
Journal Article, Web Resource
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The paper analysed some of the aspects of work and housing among the scientific population in Croatia using data from a 2017 on-line survey. The survey was e-mailed to 7 269 scientists, of which ...1,966 responded. The working and housing conditions were set in the contemporary context of information-based and post-socialist society while highlighting some fundamental processes and phenomena affecting them, such as the privatisation of housing and the flexibilisation of work. The consequent uncertainty of working conditions was evident, especially among younger scientists. Differences in scientists’ satisfaction with the working and housing conditions were tested by gender, employment status, institution type, work location and research area. Those employed outside of Zagreb were more content with the working conditions than those employed in Zagreb, as were men compared to women. The permanently employed were more content than fixed-term employees, had a better housing status and were more involved in the subsidised purchase of their own apartments. In contrast, fixed-term employees experienced precarious working conditions more often, possibly due to the new, increasingly market-oriented scientific policy. In conclusion, the scientific population in Croatia – according to objective housing criteria – is fundamentally characterised by the continuation and strengthening of the model of housing privatisation initiated during the transitional period, where owning an apartment is a desirable housing status. The situation regarding work is divided. Certain work satisfaction is present, but also exhaustion and uncertainty, which are felt mostly by women and the younger scientists.
West Nile virus (WNV) immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies have been shown to persist for up to 500 days in certain patients. To evaluate the usefulness of immunoglobulin G (IgG) avidity assessment in ...the diagnosis of WNV infection, we analyzed 54 WNV IgM- and/or IgG-positive serum samples from 39 patients with neuroinvasive disease and 15 asymptomatic cases tested during a seroprevalence investigation.
Serological tests (WNV IgM/IgG antibody detection, IgG avidity) were performed using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.
WNV IgM antibodies were detected in 47 (87%) samples. Acute/recent WNV infection was confirmed based on low/borderline avidity index (AI) in 44 IgM-positive samples (93.6%). In three IgM-positive samples (6.4%), high IgG AIs were detected, thus indicating persisting IgM antibodies from previous infections. All IgM-negative samples showed high AIs. Patients with WNV neuroinvasive disease tested within 30 days showed low AIs. In six patients tested 34-50 days after disease onset, AI was borderline (42%-60%), suggesting earlier WNV IgG maturation. Samples with the highest IgM values were associated with the lowest AIs (Spearman's rho coefficient -0.767, p < 0.001).
Our results indicate that IgG avidity differentiates current/recent WNV infection from persistent IgM seropositivity from the previous WNV transmission season both in patients with WNV neuroinvasive disease and in asymptomatic persons. A strong negative correlation between IgM antibody levels and AI indicates that in cases with very high IgM levels, determination of IgG avidity may not be necessary. As many patients showed rapid avidity maturation, low IgG avidity is indicative of WNV infection within the previous month.
The fall of the communist orders introduced a problem of the development of these societies and initiated a new wave of modernization theories. At the same time, the ideological proclamation of the ...victory of neo-liberalism resulted in the inauguration of the neo-liberal development model as the mode of modernization that will include the post-communist countries in the process of globalization. In this context, the World Bank study of the ten-year development of the transitional countries has been analyzed. With the example of Slovenia, as the economically most successful transitional country, it is shown that the study encounters the problem of constructing a general model of the development, which could be applied to all transitional countries. Additionally, it is shown that the World Bank model, as well as classic modernization theories, cannot predict how certain country will react to economic reform. Therefore, an issue of reform support arises as a significant one. Controversy of the neo-liberal modernization model indicates a need for articulating alternative modes of development.
Raspad socijalistickih poredaka postavio je problem razvoja tih drustava i potaknuo novi val teorija modernizacije. Istodobno, ideologijsko proglasavanje pobjede neoliberalizma rezultiralo je uspostavom neoliberalnog modela razvoja kao onog oblika modernizacije kojim ce se postsocijalisticke zemlje ukljuciti u procese globalizacije. U tom kontekstu analizira se studija Svjetske banke koja se bavi desetogodisnjim razvojem tranzicijskih zemalja. Na primjeru Slovenije, kao ekonomski najuspjesnije tranzicijske zemlje, pokazano je da studija ima problema s izgradnjom opceg modela razvoja koji bi bio primjenjiv na sve tranzicijske zemlje. Takodjer je pokazano da model Svjetske banke, kao i klasicne teorije modernizacije, ne moze odgovoriti na to kako ce pojedine zemlje reagirati na ekonomske reforme. Stoga se kao bitan pojavljuje problem podrske reformama. Upitnost neoliberalnog modela modernizacije upucuje na potrebu za artikuliranjem alternativnih oblika razvoja.
Historical reasons have led to knowledge that would not have been possible to obtain through research without gross violations of ethical norms. Quantification of macro- and micro-nutrient intake is ...hampered by a number of barriers. It has been observed that changes in fetal nutrition and its endocrine status can result in developmental adjustments that permanently alter the structure, physiology, and metabolism of children, thus exposing individuals to the risk of metabolic, endocrine, and cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. In research on the process better known as "fetal programming", the influence of the in utero environment on the epigenetic mechanisms of the fetus has been observed. Decreased or increased amounts of food intake may interfere with placental function and interfere with fetal growth. Altered placental function can lead to endothelial dysfunction, leading to changes in fetal growth and development. More recently, there has been increasing research on the impact of dietary supplementation on pregnant women and perinatal outcome. Among the more frequently examined variables are micronutrients such as folic acid, antioxidants, iron, magnesium and zinc, but also polyunsaturated fatty acids. The Covid-19 pandemic further highlighted the need to create disease registries and systematically monitor data, especially given the differences in health care availability on one hand and the incredible global differences in nutrient availability on the other.
The fall of the communist orders introduced a problem of the development of these societies and initiated a new wave of modernization theories. At the same time, the ideological proclamation of the ...victory of neo-liberalism resulted in the inauguration of the neo-liberal development model as the mode of modernization that will include the post-communist countries in the process of globalization. In this context, the World Bank study of the ten-year development of the transitional countries has been analyzed. With the example of Slovenia, as the economically most successful transitional country, it is shown that the study encounters the problem of constructing a general model of the development, which could be applied to all transitional countries. Additionally, it is shown that the World Bank model, as well as classic modernization theories, cannot predict how certain country will react to economic reform. Therefore, an issue of reform support arises as a significant one. Controversiality of the neo-liberal modernization model indicates a need for articulating alternative modes of development.
According to the results of empirical studies, the Croatian post-socialist executive elite contains an equal number of old socialist directors and new managers. The data presented therefore provide ...equal support for the thesis of survival and for the thesis of change in the elite. The thesis of conversion of power is supported by data on share ownership. Through the process of privatisation the majority of directors converted the power they had under socialism into shares. Since the new elite is younger and less educated than the socialist cadres the thesis of technocratic continuity cannot be accepted. Changes in ideology are reflected in the data on party membership. Under socialism, about 15% of directors were not members of the Communist Party, and today almost two-thirds of managers are not members of any party. But among those who are party members, most are in the ruling HDZ party. Regardless of party (dis)affiliation, the vast majority of both the elite and citizens accepted the new ideology which gives priority to the nation over the individual. This resulted in a delay in solving the problems which have appeared in the process of privatisation.
U tekstu je riječ o sociološkom empirijskom istraživanju, studiji slučaja
razvoja turizma u općini Lovinac. Razvoj turizma shvaća se kao mijenjanje prostora, transformacija kraja u krajolik kojom se ...želi izgraditi turistička destinacija. Taj proces rezultat je djelovanja aktera i povezan je s funkcioniranjem lokalne zajednice i promjenama društvene strukture potaknutim procesima globalizacije, lokalizacije i
tranzicije. Općina Lovinac odabrana je zbog projekta “Centar planinskog turizma Sveto brdo” koji je zamišljen i proveden u toj općini. Projekt je financiran iz CARDS 2004 programa EU-a i najveći je turistički razvojni projekt u Ličko-senjskog županiji. U rad na projektu uključeni su nad-državni, državni, lokalni i izvan-lokalni akteri
pa izabrani “slučaj” omogućuje da se analizira djelovanje različitih aktera i pokaže kako se globalni procesi prihvaćaju i (pre)oblikuju na lokalnoj razini.
In this article we are presenting about 40 tobacco-related pathographies among more than 1 000 general pathographies that we examined, dealing with composers who died of fatal diseases such as ...cancer, pneumonia and vascular episodes (stroke, heart attack-failure), which were all connected to their tobacco and other addictions.
PDF
