LAB bacteriocin applications in the last decade López-Cuellar, Ma. del Rocío; Rodríguez-Hernández, Adriana-Inés; Chavarría-Hernández, Norberto
Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment,
11/2016, Letnik:
30, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
In the early 2000s, the expectations about bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria (LABs) were aimed at food applications. However, the effectiveness of bacteriocins against undesirable ...micro-organisms opened endless possibilities for innovative research. In the present review, we collected a database including 429 published papers and 245 granted patents (from 2004 to 2015). Based on bibliometric analysis, the progress of bacteriocin research in the last 11 years was discussed in detail. It was found that 164 patents were granted in 2010-2015, which is equivalent to 60% in comparison with previous years (i.e. only 81 patents were granted in 2004-2009). Currently, the research on bacteriocins is still gaining importance. In the realm of therapeutic strategies, about a 37% of the published research was focused on biomedical applications in the last decade. This vein of research is currently seeking for alternative solutions to problems such as cancer, systemic infections, oral-care, vaginal infections, contraception and skincare. On the other hand, food preservation, bio-nanomaterial and veterinary applications represent 29%, 25% and 9%, respectively. All this technology is being applied and will surely grow in the future, since about 31% of the patents granted since 2004 are focused on the biomedical area, 29% on food preservation, 5% on veterinary use; whereas 13% and 16% correspond to patents granted on production-purification systems and recombinant proteins or molecular modifications in the producer strains. This review contributes to the analysis of recent LAB bacteriocin applications and their role in safety, quality and improvement of human health.
Initiatives to reduce plastic waste are currently under development worldwide. As a part of it, the European Union and private and public organizations in several countries are designing and ...implementing regulations for single-use plastics. For example, by 2030, plastic packaging and food containers must be reusable or recyclable. In another approach, researchers are developing biopolymers using biodegradable thermoplastics, such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), to replace fossil derivatives. However, their production capacity, high production costs, and poor mechanical properties hinder the usability of these biopolymers. To overcome these limitations, biomaterials reinforced with natural fibers are acquiring more relevance as the world of bioplastics production is increasing. This review presents an overview of PHA-vegetal fiber composites, the effects of the fiber type, and the production method's impact on the mechanical, thermal, barrier properties, and biodegradability, all relevant for biopackaging. To acknowledge the behaviors and trends of the biomaterials reinforcement field, we searched for granted patents focusing on bio-packaging applications and gained insight into current industry developments and contributions.
Microorganisms have developed quorum sensing (QS) systems to detect small signaling molecules that help to control access to additional nutrients and space in highly competitive polymicrobial niches. ...Many bacterial processes are QS-regulated; two examples are the highly related traits of the natural genetic competence state and the production of antimicrobial peptides such as bacteriocins. The
Streptococcus
genus is widely studied for its competence and for its ability to produce bacteriocins, as these antimicrobial peptides have significant potential in the treatment of infections caused by multiple-resistant pathogens, a severe public health issue. The transduction of a two-component system controls competence in streptococci: (1) ComD/E, which controls the competence in the Mitis and Anginosus groups, and (2) ComR/S, which performs the same function in the Bovis, Mutans, Salivarius, and Pyogenic groups. The cell-to-cell communication required for bacteriocin production in the
Streptococcus
groups is controlled mainly by a paralog of the ComD/E system. The relationships between pheromone signals and induction pathways are related to the bacteriocin production systems. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in the understanding of signaling and the induction of bacteriocin biosynthesis by QS regulation in streptococci. This information could aid in the design of better methods for the development and production of these antimicrobial peptides. It could also contribute to the analysis and emerging applications of bacteriocins in terms of their safety, quality, and human health benefits.
A survey is presented concerning original research articles published in well-reputed scientific journals on the isolation of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from cheeses worldwide, where researchers ...evaluated the bacteriocin production by such isolates in searching for novel functional peptides that can exhibit potential for biotechnological applications. Seventy-one articles were published in the period of study, with contributions being American (45%), Asiatic (28%), and European (21%), being Brazil-USA-Mexico, Turkey-China, and France-Italy the countries that contributed the most for each said continent, respectively. Most of the isolated LAB belong to the genera
Enterococcus
(35%),
Lactobacillus
(30%),
Lactococcus
(14%), and
Pediococcus
(10%), coming from soft (64%), hard (27%), and semi-hard (9%) cheeses, predominantly. Also, scholars focused mainly on the food biopreservation (81%) and pharmaceutical field (18%) potential applications.
The acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (FadE) and (R)-specific enoyl-CoA hydratase (PhaJ) are functionally related to the degradation of fatty acids and the synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). To verify ...this, a recombinant Cupriavidus necator H16 harboring the plasmid -pMPJAS03- with fadE from Escherichia coli strain K12 and phaJ1 from Pseudomonas putida strain KT2440 under the arabinose promoter (araC-PBAD) was constructed. The impact of co-expressing fadE and phaJ genes on C. necator H16/pMPJAS03 maintaining the wild-type synthase on short-chain-length/medium-chain-length PHA formation from canola or avocado oil at different arabinose concentrations was investigated. The functional activity of fadEE.c led to obtaining higher biomass and PHA concentrations compared to the cultures without expressing the gene. While high transcriptional levels of phaJ1P.p, at 0.1% of arabinose, aid the wild-type synthase to polymerize larger-side chain monomers, such as 3-Hydroxyoctanoate (3HO) and 3-Hydroxydecanoate (3HD). The presence of even small amounts of 3HO and 3HD in the co-polymers significantly depresses the melting temperature of the polymers, compared to those composed of pure 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB). Our data presents supporting evidence that the synthesis of larger-side chain monomers by the recombinant strain relies not only upon the affinity of the wild-type synthase but also on the functionality of the intermediate supplying enzymes.
•First report on the production and characterization of exopolysaccharide produced by Haloferax mucosum.•Haloferax mucosum showed high exopolysaccharide (EPS) production of 7.15 g/L.•EPS had a high ...molecular mass of 152.•EPS exhibited high emulsion stability to extreme conditions and with different nonpolar solvents.
The physicochemical characterization and emulsifying functional properties of a novel exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by haloarchaea Haloferax mucosum (DSM 27191) were investigated. This biopolymer has a high molecular weight of 152 kDa and important protein content of 10%. Different culture media compositions were investigated taking the ATCC 2185 medium as a base and supplementing with varying concentrations of yeast extract and glucose or sucrose as carbon sources to produce the EPS in a liquid medium. The highest EPS production (7.15 ± 0.44 g/L) was obtained at 96 h. EPS aqueous dispersions showed a non-Newtonian rheological behavior which was well fitted to the Cross equation. The EPS (at 0.32% w/w) was capable of stabilizing water-in-oil emulsions with different nonpolar solvents, including n-hexane, kerosene, chloroform, castor oil and mineral oil. EPS retained its emulsifying activity after to be incubated for one hour in a wide range of temperatures (25, 40, 70 and 100 °C), pH (4, 6.5, 7 and 12) and NaCl concentrations (0, 2.0 and 4.0 M). The viscoelastic behavior and stability of hexane-in-water emulsion were examined through oscillatory shear measurements.
Sea urchins are a group of benthic invertebrates characterized by having rigid globose bodies, covered in spines, and have an innate immune system that has allowed them to survive in the environment ...and defend against many pathogens that affect them. They are consumed for their unique flavor, but also for possessing a rich source of bioactive compounds which make them a source for a wide array of medicinal properties. Thus, these may be used to discover and develop new drugs such as anti-bacterials, anti-carcinogenics and anti-virals. Precisely for those reasons, this revision is centered on the known biological activities in various sea urchin species. Recently, the potential pharmacological benefits of nine sea urchin species
(Philippi 1845),
(de Blainville),
(Valenciennes),
(Agassiz, 1863),
(Lamarck, 1816),
(Agazzis, 1863),
(Lamarck, 1816),
(Agassiz, 1863), and
(Lamarck, 1816) have been evaluated. Our work includes a comprehensive review of the anti-fungal, anti-parasitic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anti-viral, anti-diabetic, anti-lipidemic, gastro-protective and anti-cardiotoxic effects. Furthermore, we revised the compounds responsible of these pharmacological effects. This work was intended for a broad readership in the fields of pharmacology, drugs and devices, marine biology and aquaculture, fisheries and fish science. Our results suggest that organic extracts, as well as pure compounds obtained from several parts of sea urchin bodies are effective
and
pharmacological models. As such, these properties manifest the potential use of sea urchins to develop emergent active ingredients.
Every year, new organisms that survive and colonize adverse environments are discovered and isolated. Those organisms, called extremophiles, are distributed throughout the world, both in aquatic and ...terrestrial environments, such as sulfurous marsh waters, hydrothermal springs, deep waters, volcanos, terrestrial hot springs, marine saltern, salt lakes, among others. According to the ecosystem inhabiting, extremophiles are categorized as thermophiles, psychrophiles, halophiles, acidophiles, alkalophilic, piezophiles, saccharophiles, metallophiles and polyextremophiles. They have developed chemical adaptation strategies that allow them to maintain their cellular integrity, altering physiology or improving repair capabilities; one of them is the biosynthesis of extracellular polysaccharides (EPS), which constitute a slime and hydrated matrix that keep the cells embedded, protecting from environmental stress (desiccation, salinity, temperature, radiation). EPS have gained interest; they are explored by their unique properties such as structural complexity, biodegradability, biological activities, and biocompatibility. Here, we present a review concerning the biosynthesis, characterization, and potential EPS applications produced by extremophile microorganisms, namely, thermophiles, halophiles, and psychrophiles. A bibliometric analysis was conducted, considering research articles published within the last two decades. Besides, an overview of the culture conditions used for extremophiles, the main properties and multiple potential applications of their EPS is also presented.
•Extremophiles have developed adaptation strategies to maintain their cellular integrity.•Biosynthesis of extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) is one of their strategies.•EPS' structural diversity makes them competitive with current commercial polysaccharides.•EPS from extremophiles can be considered as new promising “green gold” in biotechnology.
It was investigated the microbial protection of corn tortilla, traditional Mexican food with high acceptance, for food safety. We elaborated a functional film (FF) prepared with 0.4% (w/v) gellan ...gum, 2% (w/v) citrus pectin, 0.5% (w/v) glycerol, 0.0003% (w/v) natamycin, 0.03% (v/v) essential clove oils, and 0.1% (v/v) tween 80. The FF impeded the growth of indicator microorganisms in corn tortilla medium: Staphylococcus aureus (i.e., 35 °C, 50% RH, 7 days) and Candida parapsilosis (i.e., 27 °C, 42% RH, 7 days; and 9 °C, 95% RH, 30 days). In packaged artisanal corn tortilla storage at 22 °C and 50% RH for 30 days, the FF-treatments showed 5.5 log CFU/g total aerobes and 4.8 log CFU/g yeasts and moulds, being two and three logs lower than the concentrations recorded in the controls with no film, respectively. Some physical-mechanical properties of FF were Young's modulus, 500 MPa; elongation at break, 10%; stress at break, 18.5 MPa; oxygen permeability, 4 × 10−13 g m Pa−1 s−1 m−2; and water vapour permeability, 4.8 × 10−11 g m Pa−1 s−1 m−2. Also, the sensory evaluation of wrapped tortilla suggested no negative effects. The obtained results envisage potential food-packaging applications with the elaborated films.
•First report on the preservation of tortilla with functional biodegradable films.•First film combining gellan, pectin, glycerol, natamycin and clove-oil.•100% inhibition against S. aureus and C. parapsilosis in tortilla medium.•2 logs (CFU/g) reduction in total aerobes growth in film-wrapped tortilla.•3 logs (CFU/g) lower growth of yeasts and moulds in film-wrapped tortilla.
Films were prepared by casting 2% w/v apple pectin, 0.5% w/v low-acyl gellan and 2.2% w/v glycerol as plasticizer. Bioactive film (BF, films with 3912 International Units (IU) nisin/cm
2
) and ...control films (CF, films without nisin) were elaborated. The objective was to analyze the release kinetics of nisin from films to a food model, to determine the period of film bioactivity and potential use as antimicrobial packaging. The release of nisin from BF to a food model was determined at 5 °C and 30 °C. The release kinetics of nisin was fitted to the analytical solution of the Fick’s second law for an infinite plate. The diffusion coefficients of nisin (D) were 5.22 × 10
–14
and 7.36 × 10
–14
m
2
/s for 5 °C and 30 °C, respectively. Besides, both films were characterized in their mechanical properties and gas permeabilities oxygen (PO
2
) and water vapour permeability (WVP). The mechanical properties were reduced by the nisin incorporation, whereas PO
2
was increased, and no significant effect on WVP was observed.
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