ABSTRACT. Background: Tension-type headache (TTH) is a disease with a great incidence on quality of life and with a significant socioeconomic impact. Objectives: The aim of this review is to ...determine the effectiveness of physical therapy by using manual therapy (MT) for the relief of TTH. Data sources: A review was done identifying randomized controlled trials through searches in MEDLINE, PEDro, Cochrane and CINAHL (January 2002 - April 2012). Study selection: English-language studies, with adult patients and number of subjects not under 11, diagnosed with episodic tension-type headache (ETTH) and chronic tension-type headache (CTTH) were included. Data extraction: Initial search was undertaken with the words Effectiveness, Tension-type headache, and Manual therapy (39 studies). In addition, a search which included terms related to treatments such as physiotherapy, physical therapy, spinal manipulation was performed (25 studies). Results: From the two searches 9 studies met the inclusion criteria and were analysed finding statistically significant results: 1) myofascial release, cervical traction, neck muscles trigger points in cervical thoracic muscles and stretching; 2) Superficial heat and massage, connective tissue manipulation and vertebral Cyriax mobilization; 3) cervical or thoracic spinal manipulation and cervical chin-occipital manual traction; 4) massage, progressive relaxation and gentle stretching, program of active exercises of shoulder, neck and pericranial muscles; 5) massage, passive rhythmic mobilization techniques, cervical, thoracic and lumbopelvic postural correction and cranio-cervical exercises; 6) progressive muscular relaxation combined with joint mobilization, functional, muscle energy, and strain/counterstrain techniques, and cranial osteopathic treatment; 7) massage focused on relieving myofascial trigger point activity; 8) pressure release and muscle energy in suboccipital muscles; 9) combination of mobilizations of the cervical and thoracic spine, exercises and postural correction. All studies used a combination of different techniques and none analyzed treatments separately, also all the studies have assessed aspects related to TTH beyond frequency and intensity of pain. Conclusions: The findings from these studies showed evidence that physiotherapy with articulatory MT, combined with cervical muscle stretching and massage are effective for this disease in different aspects related with TTH. No evidence was found of the effectiveness of the techniques applied separately.
Atherogenic indices predict cardiovascular disease, as they provide a good reflection of the clinical and metabolic interactions of lipid fractions.
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted ...on 60,798 workers in the Spanish Mediterranean area on whom different atherogenic indices (cholesterol/HDL, LDL/HDL, triglycerides/HDL) were determined, and the influence they have in the different productive work sectors.
In women, the mean values of the different atherogenic indices are better in the health sector, while they are better in men in the primary sector. The percentage of working women with low values is also greater in the healthcare sector, while in men there is no clear predominant sector, with the best values being shown in the hospitality and primary sector.
The distribution of cardiovascular risk factors and the values of the different atherogenic indices analyzed vary in different industrial sectors.
Plant development relies on the capacity of cells to interpret positional information and translate it into proliferation, elongation, and differentiation programs.
ALTERED MERISTEM PROGRAM 1 (AMP1)
...encodes a putative glutamate carboxypeptidase involved in embryo development, plant growth, and phytohormone homeostasis. Here, we show that mutations of
AMP1
cause defective seed coat formation, which correlates with increased frequency of embryo abortion, low seed production, and retarded germination. Seed alterations in
amp1
mutants were related to decreased production of trichomes on leaves and increased ratio of short or bifurcated root hairs in primary roots and primary root growth inhibition. Expression analyses of hormone-related gene constructs
TCS::GFP
,
DR5:uidA
, and
pABI4:uidA
indicated that slow root growth is likely independent of cytokinin and auxin signaling and involves changes in abscisic acid responsiveness. Our data show that
AMP1
is necessary for normal seed coat and embryo establishment during seed development and plays an important role in post-embryonic root growth and epidermal cell elongation.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
The newly defined metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) 1 is a multifactorial state that could influence multiple extra-hepatic diseases. ...Glomerular hyperfiltration (GHF) is an important early determinant of diabetic kidney disease onset and progression in a subgroup of patients, and recently it was reported that prediabetes stage is an independent risk for incident GHF 2. Currently, no data are available on the association between MAFLD and GHF. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of MAFLD and whether and to which extent it is associated with GHF in prediabetic subjects with abdominal obesity and without evidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD).
METHOD
Data from a total of 6697 civil servants, aged 18–65 years, with prediabetes (fasting plasma glucose ≥100 ≤ 125 mg/dL, American Diabetes Association criteria), abdominal obesity (waist circumference ≥94 cm for men and ≥80 cm for women, International Diabetes Federation criteria) and an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 mL/min, belonging to a large Spanish database of routine occupational health visits (January 2008–December 2010), were included in the analyses. The presence of MAFLD was defined according to the criteria of an international expert consensus statement 1. Liver steatosis, the first component of MAFLD, was determined by the validated fatty liver index (FLI) with a cut-off value of ≥603. An eGFR was calculated by Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation 4, deindexed for body surface area (BSA) to avoid underestimation in patients with obesity 5. Hyperfiltration was defined as an eGFR above the age- and gender-specific 95th percentile. The association between MAFLD and GHF was evaluated by multivariable logistic regression.
RESULTS
Overall, the prevalence of subjects with MAFLD was 62.9% (n = 4213). Hyperfiltering subjects (n = 330, 4.9%), as compared with non-hyperfiltering subjects, had a higher prevalence of MAFLD (86.4% versus 61.7%, P < .001), higher BMI, waist circumference for both genders, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure (MAP), higher prevalence of arterial hypertension, lower total cholesterol and serum creatinine (P < .05 for all comparisons) (Table 1). In multivariable logistic regression, the presence of MAFLD was independently associated with GHF after adjusting for age, gender, obesity, MAP and smoking status (adjusted OR 3.36, 95% CI 2.33–4.84; P < .001) (Table 2). Receiving operator characteristic curve analysis confirmed the predictive power of MAFLD (area under the curve of 0.623, 95% CI 0.60–0.65; P < .001).
CONCLUSION
Prediabetic subjects with abdominal obesity are characterized by an increased prevalence of MAFLD that emerges as a possible early risk marker of GHF. This could help general practitioners to timely identify patients at high risk and to start weight loss with appropriate calorie restriction and lifestyle modification strategies. Longitudinal studies are needed to investigate whether MAFLD in prediabetes is associated with a later decline in eGFR.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Whereas metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) reflects multisystem disorders 1, many aspects of the association between MAFLD and extra-hepatic ...diseases are the issues to study. Glomerular hyperfiltration (GHF) is an early manifestation of kidney damage in diabetic patients and predicts its further progression. Recently it was reported that an initial increase of plasma glucose in subjects with prediabetes is an independent risk for incident GHF 2. However, it remains unknown whether GHF could also occur in subjects with normoglycaemia and whether it is associated with MAFLD.
The study aimed to compare the prevalence of MAFLD in subjects with normoglycaemia, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus without evidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and then explore its association with GHF in the study groups.
METHOD
A cohort of 125 070 people aged 18–65 years, without CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 mL/min, belonging to a large Spanish database of routine occupational health visits (January 2008–December 2010), has been explored. Subjects were divided into three groups according to their fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels—subjects with normoglycaemia (FPG < 100 mg/dL), prediabetes (FPG ≥ 100–≤125 mg/dL) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (FPG ≥ 126 mg/d or use of antidiabetic drugs), according to the American Diabetes Association criteria. The presence of MAFLD was defined according to the new criteria of an international expert consensus statement 1. Liver steatosis was determined by the validated Fatty liver index (FLI) with a cut-off value of ≥ 60 3. eGFR was calculated by the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation 4, deindexed for body surface area (BSA) to avoid underestimation in patients with obesity 5. Hyperfiltration was defined as an eGFR above the age- and gender-specific 95th percentile. The association between MAFLD and GHF was evaluated by multivariable logistic regression.
RESULTS
The overall prevalence of subjects with MAFLD was 19.3% (n = 24 112) and it significantly increased from 14.7% (n = 14 809) to 33.2% (n = 5697) and 48,9% (n = 3606), in subjects with normoglycaemia, prediabetes and diabetes, respectively (Table 1), (P < 0.001 between all paired groups). By definition, the overall presence of hyperfiltration was 5% (n = 6249) and it significantly increased from 4.5% (n = 4553) to 5.7% (n = 978) and 9.7% (n = 718) in subjects with normoglycaemia, prediabetes and diabetes, respectively (P < 0.001 between all paired groups). In multivariable logistic regressions, along with age, gender, overweight, obesity (common risk factors in the three groups), the presence of MAFLD was independently associated with GHF, after adjusting for the following confounding variables—age, gender, overweight, obesity, FPG, mean arterial pressure, triglycerides, gamma-glutamyl transferase, presence of arterial hypertension, drug therapy and smoking status: adjusted odds ratio (OR), 1.96; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.78–2.15, P < 0.001; adjusted OR, 2.83; 95% CI, 2.31–3.47, P < 0.001 and adjusted OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.58–2.66, P < 0.001 for the subjects with normoglycaemia, prediabetes and diabetes, respectively (Table 2).
CONCLUSION
The increase of FPG levels in subjects with normoglycaemia, prediabetes and diabetes is accompanied by an increase of the prevalence of MAFLD, which in turn, raises a possible independent early risk marker of GHF in the three study groups, together with other metabolic risk factors. Timely identifying subjects with MAFLD might be helpful to early setup calorie restriction and lifestyle modification strategies. Longitudinal studies are needed to investigate whether and to which extent MAFLD is associated with an increased risk of a future kidney function decline among subjects with normoglycaemia and prediabetes.
El concepto de accidente de trabajo en España se engloba dentro del más amplio de daño laboral e incluye cualquier alteración de la salud relacionada, causada o agravada por condiciones laborales.
Introducción. El consumo de alcohol tiene una elevada prevalencia en la sociedad y su consumo crónico es uno de los principales factores relacionados con el estado de salud de los individuos, junto a ...otros aspectos concernientes al estilo de vida. Debido a su importancia, este tema ha sido objeto tradicional de estudio desde diferentes perspectivas epidemiológicas y en diversos colectivos poblacionales.Objetivo. Realizar una comparativa de patrones de consumo y variables relacionadas en dos colectivos diferenciados: pacientes de unidades de salud mental y trabajadores en general.Materiales y métodos. Estudio transversal realizado en una población de 1 180 trabajadores del sector servicios de la administración pública y 304 pacientes de una unidad de salud mental. Se analizaron variables sociodemográficas y laborales y el patrón de consumo de alcohol.Resultados. Existen diferencias en ambos colectivos en cuanto al número de consumidores, cantidad de consumo y tipo de bebidas consumidas, diferencias que desaparecen en parte cuando se comparan colectivos de trabajadores de ambas muestras poblacionales.Conclusiones. Las diferencias en el patrón de consumo de ambas poblaciones orientan hacia actuaciones preventivo-asistenciales distintas en ambos grupos y hacia una necesidad de implementar actuaciones coordinadas entre todos los afectados mediante programas específicos.
Introduccion: las fracturas osteoporoticas constituyen una problematica de creciente trascendencia en salud publica, por lo que la utilizacion de herramientas que permitan una valoracion precoz y ...adecuada del riesgo de fractura y el establecimiento de politicas preventivas deberian ser prioritarios. En este trabajo se valora el riesgo de sufrir diferentes tipos de fractura, tanto en trabajadores varones, como en mujeres menopausicas y no menopausicas. Materiales y metodos: se realizo un estudio descriptivo transversal en poblacion general trabajadora del sector socio-sanitario espanol con edades comprendidas entre 40 y 65 anos. El riesgo de fractura de cadera y mayor osteoporotica se calculo mediante la herramienta FRAX para poblacion espanola. Se incluyeron en el estudio 749 trabajadores seleccionados aleatoriamente: 251 varones, 251 mujeres no menopausicas y 247 mujeres menopausicas. Resultados: las edades medias fueron de 46,8 anos en varones, 43,9 anos en mujeres no menopausicas y 52,3 anos en las menopausicas. El riesgo medio de fractura de cadera y mayor osteoporotica fue de 2,1 + o - 1,33 y de 0,22 + o - 0,36 en varones, 2,65 + o - 2,16 y 0,27 + o - 0,94 en mujeres no menopausicas y 3,1 + o - 2,93 y 0,44 + o - 0,88 en mujeres menopausicas. Presentaron criterios positivos de tratamiento segun la National Osteoporosis Foundation el 0,8 % de las mujeres no menopausicas, un 2 % de las menopausicas y ninguno de los hombres. Conclusiones: el riesgo de sufrir fracturas osteoporoticas en este colectivo es muy bajo, sin embargo, el uso de la herramienta FRAX puede ser muy util para detectar el riesgo en sus estadios iniciales y establecer politicas de prevencion y actuacion precoz que permitan un ahorro en costes y mejorar la salud de nuestra poblacion general mediante captacion en su etapa laboral. PALABRAS CLAVE Osteoporosis Riesgo de fractura Fractura osteoporotica Salud laboral Purpose: Osteoporotic fractures are a significant growing problem of public health, so the use of tools that allow a proper risk assessment and establishing preventive policies should be a priority. This paper assesses the risk of different types of fractures as much in men as in menopausal and non menopausal women. Patients and methods: A descriptive crosssectional study in working population from the Spanish health system aged between 40 and 65. The risk of increased osteoporotic hip fracture is calculated using the FRAX tool for the Spanish population. 749 randomly selected workers were included in the study, 251 men, 251 non menopausal women and 247 post-menopausal women. Results: Mean ages were 46.8 years in men, 43.9 years in non-menopausal women and 52.3 years in the menopausal. The average risk of hip fracture and major osteoporotic was 2.1 + o - 1.33 and 0.22 + o - 0.36 in males, 2.65 + o - 2.16 and 0.27 + o - 0.94 in non-menopausal women 3.1 + o - 2.93 and 0.44 + o - 0.88 in menopausal women. No men, 0.8 % of menopausal women and 2 % of menopausal treatment had positive criteria for treatment according to the National Osteoporosis Foundation. Conclusion: The risk of osteoporotic fractures in this group is very low, however the use of the FRAX tool can be very useful to detect the risk in its early stages and establishing prevention policies that allow cost savings and improve the health of our workforce. KEY WORDS Osteoporosis Fracture risk Osteoporotic fracture Occupational Health
Ebola virus disease. Short history, long impact Mª Teófila Vicente-Herrero; Ángel Arturo López-González; Mª Victoria Ramírez-Iñiguez de la Torre ...
Duazary,
07/2015, Letnik:
12, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Ebola Virus infection is at present times a growing worldwide concern, although its history goes back to 1967, with subsequent outbreaks in 1979, 1980 and 1987, all of them by contact in workers in ...affected areas. The concern of the scientific community about this issue is partially reflected in publications included in MEDLINE (PUBMED database) and in which, taking as a keyword in the search box “Ebola virus”, 2.151 publications are found, belonging 984 of them to the last 5 years (45.7%) and 527 of these publications (53.5%) to the years 2014-2015. The earliest publication dates back to 1977, attaching no listed authors either reference abstract, and the most recent to January of current year 2015. This means Ebola infection is a global problem and that concern the international scientific community. A review of some of the studies published in this matter, considered of interest and discussed by the authors, is performed in this work.
Objetivo: Incapacidad laboral se define como el estado transitorio o permanente de una persona que, por accidente o enfermedad, queda mermada en su capacidad laboral. En Espana, la declaracion de la ...incapacidad temporal de un trabajador la realiza el Medico de Atencion Primaria del Sistema Publico de Salud correspondiente a cada Comunidad Autonoma, expidiendo el correspondiente parte medico de baja. Para codificar clinicamente las causas de incapacidad temporal, se toman como base los Codigos CIE, acronimo de la Clasificacion internacional de enfermedades. Materiales y metodos: Se recogen los datos de incapacidad temporal en Espana por cefaleas con cargo al INSS durante el ano 2012, tomando como base los Codigos CIE de codificacion clinica relacionados con el concepto cefalea de forma global: numero de procesos, dias perdidos por incapacidad temporal y duracion media de los procesos, siempre en referencia a aquellos que se consideran cerrados dentro del ano de estudio. Resultados: El mayor numero de procesos corresponde a los codigos que se relacionan con la migrana y sus distintos tipos. Las cefaleas tipo tension, a pesar de ser el grupo con menor numero de procesos, son los de mayor duracion media (17 dias) en todos los meses del ano. El grupo mixto de cefaleas engloba mas de la mitad de los dias totales perdidos, con 74.119 dias, ocupando el segundo lugar el grupo de migrana con 58.295 dias de incapacidad temporal. Conclusion: Una correcta codificacion clinica permite obtener mayor precision y especificidad diagnostica y terapeutica y evita o limita la perdida de informacion. Palabras clave: Ausencia por enfermedad, trastornos con cefaleas, trastornos migranosos, salud laboral. Objective: Incapacity is defined as the temporary or permanent state of a person who, by accident or illness, is impaired in its ability to work. In Spain, the declaration of a sick leave worker is made by the Primary Care Public Health System doctor, corresponding to each region, issue the corresponding sick leave report. To encode the clinical causes of sick leave, the ICD code is taken as basis, acronym for international Classification of Diseases. Materials and methods: Sick leave data are collected under the INSS headaches during 2012, based on ICD codes related to clinical coding concept globally headache: number of processes, lost days due to sick leave, have the longest mean average duration of processes, always in reference to those who are considered closed within one year of study. Results: The greater number of processes is correlated with the codes that relate to migraine and its various types. Tension-type headaches, despite being the group with the lowest number of processes, are the most average duration (17 days) in each month of the year. The mixed group of headaches encompasses more than half of the total lost days, 74,119 days, ranking second group of migraine with 58,295 days of sick leave. Conclusion: A correct clinical coding allows for greater accuracy and diagnostic and therapeutic specificity and avoids or limits the loss of information. Key words: Sick leave, headache disorders, migraine disorders, occupational health. Objetivo. Incapacidade e definida como o estado temporario ou permanente de uma pessoa que, por acidente ou doenca, e prejudicada em sua capacidade de trabalho. Na Espanha, a declaracao de incapacidade temporaria de um trabalhador e feita pelo Sistema Unico de Saude de Atencao Basica correspondente a cada regiao, a emissao do correspondente licenca medica. Para codificar as causas clinicamente incapacidade temporaria sao codigos da CID base, acronimo para Classificacao Internacional de Doencas. Materiais e metodos. Dados incapacidade temporaria e coletado em Espanha sob as dores de cabeca do INSS em 2012, com base nos codigos da CID relacionados ao conceito de codificacao clinica globalmente dor de cabeca: numero de processos, dias de incapacidade temporaria perdido e duracao media processo, sempre em referencia aqueles que consideram fechado dentro de um ano de estudo. Resultados. A codificacao clinica correta permite uma maior precisao e especificidade diagnostica e terapeutica e evitar ou limitar a perda de informacoes. Palavras chave: Licenca medica, transtornos da cefaleia, transtornos de enxaqueca, saude do trabalhador.
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