In this study, we use the concept of materiality to re-evaluate traditional approaches to song translation. Materiality conceptualises a text as a complex unity of matter, form, and meaning, and ...songs provide an example of the interconnectedness of a material text and its verbal content. In our analysis of Hank Williams’ song Ramblin’ Man and its Finnish translation, we utilise notation to illuminate the intricate relationship between the original melody and the translated lyrics. By showing how the Finnish song’s lyrics and melody have been shaped to support one another, we demonstrate how different translation solutions are not just attempts to replicate the source text’s meanings but factors in the interplay of language and its material medium. We argue that materiality enables an all-encompassing view on how different levels of meaning interact in a text and thereby allows translation studies to move beyond juxtapositions of semantic fidelity and interpretative adaptation.
Green Generation Shifts Especially if hidden co-ownership Laakkonen Emma 1988- , Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Rättsvetenskap; Laakkonen Emma 1988-, International School of Business, University of Jönköping, IHH, Legal Science
02/2011
Web Resource
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Varsakasvatus Suomessa Hyyppä, Seppo; Särkijärvi, Susanna; Tolvanen, Niina ...
Suomen Maataloustieteellisen Seuran Tiedote,
01/2010
26
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
Suomen hevosmäärä on kasvanut viime vuosikymmenet tasaisesti ja nyt hevosia on noin 70000. Suomenhevosista kaikki ja lämminveriravureistakin pääosa on kotimaista kasvatusta. Ratsujen kasvatus on ...ollut vähäistä, mutta kiinnostus siihenkin on lisääntynyt viime vuosina. Valtaosalla kasvattajista on vain 1 tai 2 siitostammaa ja aloittelevia kasvattajia on paljon. Kantavan tamman hoito ja ruokinta, varsominen sekä varsan hoito ja ruokinta vaativat kuitenkin kasvattajalta paljon osaamista ja huolellisuutta, jotta kaikki menisi hyvin. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoitus oli selvittää varsojen kasvatusolosuhteita, ruokintaa ja hoitokäytäntöjä Suomessa. Työ liittyy yhteispohjoismaiseen NKJ tutkimushankkeeseen: Group Housing Horses under Nordic conditions, jonka tavoitteena on parantaa hevosten ryhmäkasvatusolosuhteita. Tutkimusaineistoa kerättiin tilakäynnein, jotka tehtiin 2009 helmi-maaliskuussa 20 hevostilalle Etelä-Suomessa. Tiloilla oli vuonna 2008 syntyneitä varsoja yhteensä 165 (2–23/tila). Varsat olivat suomenhevosia, lämminverisiä, puoliverisiä, arabeja, poneja sekä risteytyksiä. Ne olivat iältään 8-12 kk. Osalla tiloista talli tai pihatto oli hevosen pitoon suunniteltu ja rakennettu rakennus. Joissakin paikoissa pihaton virkaa hoiti kolmiseinäinen katos. Rakennuksen iällä ei ollut aina suoraa yhteyttä tallin hevosystävällisyyteen ja viihtyvyyteen. Vaikka parannettavaakin oli, useimmat tilat täyttivät lain asettamat vaatimukset hevosten pitopaikoille. Useimmilla tiloilla varsoilla oli hyvät mahdollisuudet liikkua ryhmässä. Tarhojen puhdistuksessa on osalla parannettavaa. Varsat olivat hyväkuntoisia muutamaa poikkeusta lukuun ottamatta. Tilaratkaisu tuntui vaikuttavan käsittelymääriä enemmän varsojen lähestyttävyyteen tarhassa, sillä lähes kaikki pihattovarsat tulivat tutkimaan uusia ihmisiä, kun taas muutama yksittäiskarsinassa asuva ei päästänyt lähellekään. Korsirehuruokinnassa noudatetaan hyvin varsojen luontaista syömiskäyttäytymistä pitämällä sitä vapaasti saatavilla tai jakamalla sitä useita kertoja päivässä. Korsirehun rehuanalyysejä pitäisi tehdä ja hyödyntää nykyistä useammin, jotta varsat saavat parhaat mahdolliset lähtökohdat kasvuun. Väkirehuruokinnassa olisi parannettavaa tiloilla, joilla varsojen ruokailurauhaa ei taattu väkirehuruokinnan ajaksi. Varsojen juotto oli yllättävän usein kantoveden varassa. Kesäisin laiduntaminen on erittäin suositeltavaa kasvaville varsoill, mutta laidunten viljavuustutkimuksissa, kalkituksissa ja lannoituksissa on osalla tiloista parannettavaa. Puutteellinen vasta-aineiden saanti tammanmaidosta voi johtaa jopa varsan menehtymiseen. Silti vain harvalla tilalla varmistetaan jokaiselta varsalta vasta-aineiden riittävä taso. Lähes kaikilla tiloilla huolehdittiin siitostammojen ja varsojen loishäädöistä ja rokotuksista hyvin. Lanta-analyysien teettäminen loisten varalta oli harvinaista. Monella tilalla on parannettavaa varsojen kavioiden hoidossa.
Objectives:
In thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) of the ascending aorta (AA), AA is progressively dilating due to the weakening of the aortic wall. Predicting and preventing aortic dissections and ...ruptures in TAA continues to be challenging, and more accurate assessment of the AA dilatation, identification of high-risk patients, and timing of repair surgery are required. We investigated whether wall shear stress (WSS) predicts pathological and biomechanical changes in the aortic wall in TAA.
Methods:
The study included 12 patients with bicuspid (BAV) and 20 patients with the tricuspid aortic valve (TAV). 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed a day before aortic replacement surgery. Biomechanical and histological parameters, including assessing of wall strength, media degeneration, elastin, and cell content were analyzed from the resected AA samples.
Results:
WSSs were greater in the outer curves of the AA compared to the inner curves in all TAA patients. WSSs correlated with media degeneration of the aortic wall (
ρ =
-0.48,
p
< 0.01), elastin content (
ρ
= 0.47,
p
< 0.01), and aortic wall strength (
ρ =
-0.49,
p =
0.029). Subsequently, the media of the outer curves was thinner, more rigid, and tolerated lower failure strains. Failure values were shown to correlate with smooth muscle cell (SMC) density (
ρ
= -0.45,
p
< 0.02), and indicated the more MYH10
+
SMCs the lower the strength of the aortic wall structure. More macrophages were detected in patients with severe media degeneration and the areas with lower WSSs.
Conclusion:
The findings indicate that MRI-derived WSS predicts pathological and biomechanical changes in the aortic wall in patients with TAA and could be used for identification of high-risk patients.
Ascending aortic dilatation is a well-known risk factor for aortic rupture. Indications for aortic replacement in its dilatation concomitant to other open-heart surgery exist; however, cut-off values ...based solely on aortic diameter may fail to identify patients with weakened aortic tissue. We introduce near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as a diagnostic tool to nondestructively evaluate the structural and compositional properties of the human ascending aorta during open-heart surgeries. During open-heart surgery, NIRS could provide information regarding tissue viability in situ and thus contribute to the decision of optimal surgical repair.
Samples were collected from patients with ascending aortic aneurysm (n = 23) undergoing elective aortic reconstruction surgery and from healthy subjects (n = 4). The samples were subjected to spectroscopic measurements, biomechanical testing, and histological analysis. The relationship between the near-infrared spectra and biomechanical and histological properties was investigated by adapting partial least squares regression.
Moderate prediction performance was achieved with biomechanical properties (r = 0.681, normalized root-mean-square error of cross-validation = 17.9%) and histological properties (r = 0.602, normalized root-mean-square error of cross-validation = 22.2%). Especially the performance with parameters describing the aorta's ultimate strength, for example, failure strain (r = 0.658), and elasticity (phase difference, r = 0.875) were promising and could, therefore, provide quantitative information on the rupture sensitivity of the aorta. For the estimation of histological properties, the results with α-smooth muscle actin (r = 0.581), elastin density (r = 0.973), mucoid extracellular matrix accumulation(r = 0.708), and media thickness (r = 0.866) were promising.
NIRS could be a potential technique for in situ evaluation of biomechanical and histological properties of human aorta and therefore useful in patient-specific treatment planning.
The prevalence of tail lesions evaluated at the slaughterhouse varies considerably between herds. These lesions result mainly from tail biting, a harmful behavior with multifactorial origin. This ...study sought to investigate if a batchwise inspection of tails at slaughterhouse could be a useful method to estimate the animal welfare situation in finishing pig herds, and if so, what type and detail of tail scoring such an inspection should utilize. We investigated the distribution of different types of tail lesions and how well their scoring at slaughterhouse was associated with the situation recorded on-farm by a veterinarian as part of routine herd health visits. We also wanted to determine if animal welfare-related herd-level parameters, recorded by herd veterinarians during herd health visits, are associated with tail scoring at the slaughterhouse. A total of 10,517 pigtails from 84 herds were scored for this study. Herd data were collected from the national health classification register for pig farms in Finland and also included annual herd production quality data collected by the slaughterhouse. The scores of the tails varied considerably between the herds. On average, 48.1% (sd = 19.3) of the tails with an average length of 30.4 cm (sd = 2.7) were fully intact, 37.3% (13.9) had healed (length = 26.4, sd = 5.1 cm), 12.4% (9.0) (length = 28.9, sd = 4.3 cm) had minor acute wounds, and 2.3% (2.1) (length = 24.2, sd = 6.0 cm) had major acute wounds. Proportions of different tail lesions at slaughterhouse were associated with or tended to be associated with the following herd-level parameters in regression models: use of wood as enrichment (
p
< 0.1), one health parameter (leg problems other than arthritis,
p
< 0.05), and long-term animal welfare estimate (annual mortality,
p
< 0.05). Detailed tail evaluation at the slaughterhouse shows potential in estimating the tail lesions and long-term welfare level on the farm. By recording only one type of tail condition (such as tails with major acute lesions) at the slaughterhouse, it is not possible to estimate the total tail lesion situation in the herds before slaughter. A more detailed scoring similar to the one used in this trial is recommended.
The aim of this study was to characterize the methylation level of a polymorphically imprinted gene,
/
, in human populations and somatic tissues.48 datasets, consisting of more than 30 tissues and ...>30,000 individuals, were used.
methylation status is associated with twin status and ethnic background, but the variation between populations is limited. Monozygotic twin pairs present concordant methylation, whereas ∼30% of dizygotic twin pairs present discordant methylation in the
locus. The methylation levels of
are uniform across somatic tissues, except in cerebellum and skeletal muscle.
The
imprint may be established in the oocyte, and, after implantation, the methylation status is stable, excluding a few specific tissues.
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