Lithium metal has been deemed as the most attractive anode due to its high theoretical capacity and low anode potential. Unfortunately, its development still faces various challenges, including ...dendritic Li growth and low Coulombic efficiency. Here, we demonstrate that a light-weight, flexible, and free-standing 3D hollow carbon fiber (3D-HCF) container with high electroactive surface area can significantly reduce local current density and improve the Li deposition behavior. Li is confined within the interspace among the fibers and inside the hollow tubular fibers without uncontrollable Li dendrites. The Li anode in the 3D-HCFs exhibits high Coulombic efficiency (∼99.5% over 350 cycles), large areal capacity, and long-running lifespan (>1,200 hr) with an exceptionally low overpotential (<20 mV). A full cell with a LiFePO4 cathode shows flat voltage profiles and good cycle life. We expect this work to inspire other Li container designs to promote the development of Li metal anodes.
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•A flexible and free-standing 3D hollow carbon fiber container was constructed•The container with porous skeleton can accommodate Li and suppress Li dendrite growth•High Coulombic efficiency, large areal capacity, and long lifespan can be achieved•A full cell with a LiFePO4 cathode shows flat voltage profiles and good cycle life
Li metal anodes have inspired ever-increasing interest in high-energy-density batteries due to the high theoretical capacity and low anode potential. However, their application still faces various significant challenges, especially dendritic lithium growth, which would have serious safety concerns and poor electrochemical performance. Here, we demonstrate that a light-weight, flexible, and free-standing 3D hollow carbon fiber container with high electroactive surface area can significantly improve the electrochemical deposition behavior of Li. By confining Li within the interspace among the fibers and the inner hollow space of the tubular fibers, dendrite-free plating/stripping, high and stable Coulombic efficiency (∼99.5% over 350 cycles), large areal capacity, and long-running lifespan (>1,200 hr) can be achieved. We expect this work to inspire other 3D current collector designs to accommodate large areal capacity Li without Li dendrites for high-energy-density batteries.
Lithium metal has been deemed the most attractive anode for high-energy-density batteries due to its high theoretical capacity and low anode potential. Unfortunately, its development still faces various challenges, mainly including dendritic Li growth and low Coulombic efficiency. Here, we constructed a flexible and free-standing 3D hollow carbon fiber container with porous skeleton, which can suppress Li dendrite growth and bring about high Coulombic efficiency, large areal capacity, long lifespan, and good full cell performance.
Pantropical climate interactions Cai, Wenju; Wu, Lixin; Lengaigne, Matthieu ...
Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science),
03/2019, Letnik:
363, Številka:
6430
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), which originates in the Pacific, is the strongest and most well-known mode of tropical climate variability. Its reach is global, and it can force climate ...variations of the tropical Atlantic and Indian Oceans by perturbing the global atmospheric circulation. Less appreciated is how the tropical Atlantic and Indian Oceans affect the Pacific. Especially noteworthy is the multidecadal Atlantic warming that began in the late 1990s, because recent research suggests that it has influenced Indo-Pacific climate, the character of the ENSO cycle, and the hiatus in global surface warming. Discovery of these pantropical interactions provides a pathway forward for improving predictions of climate variability in the current climate and for refining projections of future climate under different anthropogenic forcing scenarios.
The conductive framework is generating considerable interest for lithium metal anodes to accommodate Li+ deposition, due to its ability to reduce electrode current density by increasing the ...deposition area. However, in most cases, the electroactive surface area is not fully utilized for the nucleation of Li in 3D current collectors, especially under high current densities. Herein, uniform nucleation of Li in the conductive skeleton is achieved by a two-step synergetic process arising from CuBr- and Br-doped graphene-like film. The modified electrode regulates Li nucleating in uniform pancake-like seeds and growing into a granular Li metal ascribed to the excellent lithiophilicity of CuBr- and Br-doping sites and the low Li diffusion barrier on the surface of generated LiBr, as confirmed by the experimental and computational results. Therefore, the modified anode endows small nucleation overpotential, a high-reversibility Li plating/stripping process, and excellent performance in full batteries with industrially significant cathode loading. This work suggests that a two-step cooperative strategy opens a viable route to the development of a Li anode with high reversibility for stable cycling Li metal batteries.
Liver cancer is a common malignant tumor, and its incidence is increasing yearly. Millions of people suffer from liver cancer annually, which has a serious impact on global public health security. ...Licochalcone A (Lico A), an important component of the traditional Chinese herb licorice, is a natural small molecule drug with multiple pharmacological activities. In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effects of Lico A on hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (HepG2 and Huh-7), and explored the inhibitory mechanism of Lico A on hepatocellular carcinoma. First, we evaluated the inhibitory effects of Lico A on hepatocellular carcinoma, and showed that Lico A significantly inhibited and killed HepG2 and Huh-7 cells in vivo and in vitro. Transcriptomic analysis showed that Lico A inhibited the expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), which induced ferroptosis. We confirmed through in vivo and in vitro experiments that Lico A promoted ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by downregulating SLC7A11 expression, thereby inhibiting the glutathione (GSH)-glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) pathway and inducing activation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we suggest that Lico A is a potential SLC7A11 inhibitor that induces ferroptotic death in hepatocellular carcinoma cells, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the development of natural small molecule drugs against hepatocellular carcinoma.
AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the comparative efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) on glycaemic control, body weight, and lipid profile in adults with type 2 ...diabetes.DesignSystematic review and network meta-analysis.Data sourcesPubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Embase from database inception to 19 August 2023.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesEligible randomised controlled trials enrolled adults with type 2 diabetes who received GLP-1RA treatments and compared effects with placebo or any GLP-1RA drug, with a follow-up duration of at least 12 weeks. Trials with a crossover design, non-inferiority studies comparing GLP-1RA and other drug classes without a placebo group, using withdrawn drugs, and non-English studies were deemed ineligible.Results76 eligible trials involving 15 GLP-1RA drugs and 39 246 participants were included in this network meta-analysis; all subsequent estimates refer to the comparison with placebo. All 15 GLP-1RAs effectively lowered haemoglobin A1c and fasting plasma glucose concentrations. Tirzepatide induced the largest reduction of haemoglobin A1c concentrations (mean difference −2.10% (95% confidence interval −2.47% to −1.74%), surface under the cumulative ranking curve 94.2%; high confidence of evidence), and fasting plasma glucose concentrations (−3.12 mmol/L (−3.59 to −2.66), 97.2%; high confidence), and proved the most effective GLP-1RA drug for glycaemic control. Furthermore, GLP-1RAs were shown to have strong benefits to weight management for patients with type 2 diabetes. CagriSema (semaglutide with cagrilintide) resulted in the highest weight loss (mean difference −14.03 kg (95% confidence interval −17.05 to −11.00); high confidence of evidence), followed by tirzepatide (−8.47 kg (−9.68 to −7.26); high confidence). Semaglutide was effective in lowering the concentration of low density lipoprotein (−0.16 mmol/L (−0.30 to −0.02)) and total cholesterol (−0.48 mmol/L (−0.84 to −0.11)). Moreover, this study also raises awareness of gastrointestinal adverse events induced by GLP-1RAs, and concerns about safety are especially warranted for high dose administration.ConclusionsGLP-1RAs are efficacious in treating adults with type 2 diabetes. Compared with the placebo, tirzepatide was the most effective GLP-1RA drug for glycaemic control by reducing haemoglobin A1c and fasting plasma glucose concentrations. GLP-1RAs also significantly improved weight management for type 2 diabetes, with CagriSema performing the best for weight loss. The results prompt safety concerns for GLP-1RAs, especially with high dose administration, regarding gastrointestinal adverse events.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42022342845.
Although the major risk factors for liver cancer have been established, preventive factors for liver cancer have not been fully explored. We evaluated the association between raw garlic consumption ...and liver cancer in a large population-based case-control study in Eastern China. The study was conducted in Jiangsu, China, from 2003 to 2010. A total of 2011 incident liver cancer cases and 7933 randomly selected population-controls were interviewed. Epidemiological data including raw garlic intake and other exposures were collected, and serum markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection were assayed. Overall, eating raw garlic twice or more per week was inversely associated with liver cancer, with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 0.77 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.62-0.96) compared to those ingesting no raw garlic or less than twice per week. In stratified analyses, high intake of raw garlic was inversely associated with liver cancer among Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative individuals, frequent alcohol drinkers, those having history of eating mold-contaminated food or drinking raw water, and those without family history of liver cancer. Marginal interactions on an additive scale were observed between low raw garlic intake and HBsAg positivity (attributable proportion due to interaction (AP) = 0.31, 95% CI: -0.01-0.62) and heavy alcohol drinking (AP = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.00-0.57). Raw garlic consumption is inversely associated with liver cancer. Such an association shed some light on the potential etiologic role of garlic intake on liver cancer, which in turn might provide a possible dietary intervention to reduce liver cancer in Chinese population.
Energy and environmental issues have given rise to the development of advanced energy‐storage devices worldwide. Electrochemical energy technologies, such as rechargeable batteries, are considered to ...be the most reliable and efficient candidates. Compared with other batteries, zinc‐based batteries seem promising due to their advantages, including inherent safety, cost‐effectiveness, and environmentally friendliness. As potential alternatives to conventional inorganic cathodes, organic cathodes for Zn–organic batteries have become a hot topic for research, owing to their favorable characteristics, such as easy structure design, controllable synthesis, and environmental benignancy. Herein, a systematic overview on the fundamentals of organic cathode materials for zinc batteries, including material design, electrochemical mechanisms, technical advances, and challenging analysis, is provided. Furthermore, perspectives and corresponding research directions are offered to facilitate the future development of organic cathode materials for zinc batteries toward practical applications.
Environmentally friendly storage: As promising alternatives to conventional inorganic cathodes, organic cathodes for zinc batteries have gained increased attention due to their favorable characteristics, including easy structural design, controllable synthesis, and environmental benignancy. Herein, a comprehensive overview of organic cathode materials for zinc batteries is provided.
Thermally conductive polymer composites (TCPCs) are highly desirable for thermal management in electronic devices and modern electrical systems. However, it still remains a great challenge to ...reconciliate the conflict between thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of TCPCs. Herein, we realized the development of multilayer gradient boron nitride nanosheet/aramid nanofiber (BNNS/ANF) films with excellent thermal conductivity and improved tensile strength. The multilayer gradient BNNS/ANF films achieved a superior in-plane thermal conductivity of 19.13 W/(m K) and a high tensile strength of 59.3 MPa, with 23.6% and 61.6% increases compared to the single-layer BNNS/ANF film at the same BNNS content. Finite element analysis was used to clarify the enhanced mechanism of the multilayer gradient structure on thermal conductivity and tensile strength. These desirable properties demonstrate that the multilayer gradient structure is an efficient strategy to address the conflict between thermal conductivity and mechanical properties, and paves the way for the design and preparation of high-performance TCPCs for thermal management applications.
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