With the globalization of education, an increasing number of studies have been carried out in the English as a medium of instruction (EMI) classes. However, as the review of earlier studies revealed, ...most of the studies have exclusively focused on the challenges and opportunities of this mode of instruction. That is, few investigations have examined students' classroom behaviors and their determinants in EMI courses. More precisely, limited attention has been dedicated to EMI students' classroom engagement and its potential predictors. Accordingly, studying EMI students' classroom engagement and its personal, interpersonal, and situational predictors seems essential. To respond to this necessity, the present research examined the role of rapport and classroom climate in predicting Chinese EMI students' classroom engagement. In doing this, using random sampling strategy, a total of 416 university students was recruited from Chinese EMI classes. To collect the dataset, an online survey comprising three self-report questionnaires was administered to participants. The results of correlation test and multiple regression analysis divulged positive, significant correlations among rapport, classroom climate, and classroom engagement. The analysis outcomes also displayed that rapport and classroom climate were significant predictors of EMI students' classroom engagement. The study outcomes may have some beneficial and insightful implications for all instructors teaching different academic subjects through English.
•This study examined the relationship among student engagement, classroom rapport, and classroom climate.•The research examined the role of rapport and classroom climate in predicting Chinese EMI students' classroom engagement.•The study may have some beneficial implications for all instructors teaching different academic subjects through English.
Teachers have the main role in cultivating the future members of the community by their effort in the educational space, and indeed, the quality of education would not be accomplished without the ...ultimate determinations of enthusiastic and committed educators. Henceforth, there is a need for more investigation regarding the conception of teacher commitment and the aspects that affect it. Educator commitment has an important function in influencing educators' presentation; thus, it is necessary to determine the fundamental elements that contribute to educator commitment. Moreover, buoyancy is another fundamental construct in a psycho-educational environment helping people with academic challenges. Psychological health is another term considered as a significant dimension in an academic environment. The present review tries to focus on psychological health and buoyancy that affect educators' job commitment using the theoretical agenda of positive psychology and the sociocognitive theory. Succinctly, this review of the literature has implications for scholars, theorists, and practitioners seeking for inspecting the roles of buoyancy and psychological health on teachers' professional commitment.
SARS-CoV-2 carries the largest single-stranded RNA genome and is the causal pathogen of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. How the SARS-CoV-2 RNA genome is folded in the virion remains unknown. To fill ...the knowledge gap and facilitate structure-based drug development, we develop a virion RNA in situ conformation sequencing technology, named vRIC-seq, for probing viral RNA genome structure unbiasedly. Using vRIC-seq data, we reconstruct the tertiary structure of the SARS-CoV-2 genome and reveal a surprisingly "unentangled globule" conformation. We uncover many long-range duplexes and higher-order junctions, both of which are under purifying selections and contribute to the sequential package of the SARS-CoV-2 genome. Unexpectedly, the D614G and the other two accompanying mutations may remodel duplexes into more stable forms. Lastly, the structure-guided design of potent small interfering RNAs can obliterate the SARS-CoV-2 in Vero cells. Overall, our work provides a framework for studying the genome structure, function, and dynamics of emerging deadly RNA viruses.
Virus infection may induce excessive interferon (IFN) responses that can lead to host tissue injury or even death. β-arrestin 2 regulates multiple cellular events through the G protein-coupled ...receptor (GPCR) signaling pathways. Here we demonstrate that β-arrestin 2 also promotes virus-induced production of IFN-β and clearance of viruses in macrophages. β-arrestin 2 interacts with cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and increases the binding of dsDNA to cGAS to enhance cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) production and the downstream stimulator of interferon genes (STING) and innate immune responses. Mechanistically, deacetylation of β-arrestin 2 at Lys171 facilitates the activation of the cGAS-STING signaling and the production of IFN-β. In vitro, viral infection induces the degradation of β-arrestin 2 to facilitate immune evasion, while a β-blocker, carvedilol, rescues β-arrestin 2 expression to maintain the antiviral immune response. Our results thus identify a viral immune-evasion pathway via the degradation of β-arrestin 2, and also hint that carvedilol, approved for treating heart failure, can potentially be repurposed as an antiviral drug candidate.
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•A novel energetic acrylate-terminated oligomer was designed and prepared.•A new 3D-printed gun propellant with higher energy was fabricated by SLA.•The suitability of this new ...material and its composites on SLA was demonstrated.
Propellants are the main energy source in the internal ballistic process. The use of 3D printing has promised to produce propellants with complex geometries. However, due to the degraded energy properties of propellants using an inert binder, there is a critical need to develop a printable energetic resin. In this paper, a novel energetic acrylate-terminated poly–3–nitratomethyl–3–methyloxetane (APNIMMO) oligomer was prepared and characterized. The performance of a new composite propellant composed of APNIMMO and CL-20 (Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane Dodecane) was also demonstrated. The new energetic printable resin and its composites are suitable for stereolithography (SLA) 3D printing, offering not only an improved thermodynamic energy, but also a substantially improved burn rate. Compared with the inert binder, the energetic binder offers the possibility to improve the thermodynamic energy by 15% and the burn rate at 100 MPa by 480% for 3D printed propellants.
The relationship between haze pollution and insurance development is investigated based on the concentration of PM2.5 of 268 Chinese cities during 2009~2018. Subsequently, the effect of haze ...pollution on the development of insurance and the underlying mechanisms are also explored. The regional governance of haze pollution and its impact on insurance development is estimated by using a unified framework of two-stage least squares. The machine learning method-elastic network is adopted to filter the control variables and avoid multi-collinearity. The results show that haze pollution has an adverse effect on the insurance development through two important underlying mechanisms, residents' emotions and economic development. Haze pollution affects residents' emotions, and the impact coefficient is approximately equal to -0.18, which further inhibits residents' participation in insurance. Moreover, pollution restricts residents' budgets by hindering economic development, the impact coefficient is about -0.07, thus, the development of insurance is suppressed. These two negative effects exhibit regional variations, which gradually attenuate from eastern, western to the Chinese central region. The regional governance has a positive effect on haze pollution with the coefficient of -0.07, while impact coefficient of haze pollution on insurance development decreases to -0.02. The policy implication is that government supervision can formulate reasonable environmental and insurance policies based on the heterogeneity of regional development to alleviate haze pollution and promote insurance development.
Red blood cell distribution width (RDW), a parameter that used to differentiate the type of anemia for several decades, recent studies suggest it was a prognostic factor in various types of cancer ...patients. However, the prognostic value of RDW in cancer patients remains controversial. Here, we performed a meta-analysis and systematic review to evaluate the prognostic value of RDW in cancer patients. Relevant studies were picked out from the databases of Web of Science, Embase, Pubmed and Cochrane Library. A total of 16 papers with 4267 patients were included in this meta-analysis, and the combined results indicated that elevated RDW was associated with poor over survival (OS) (HR = 1.47, 95%CI:1.29-1.66), poor cancer-specific survival (CSS) (HR = 1.46, 95%CI:1.08-1.85), poor disease-free survival (DFS) (HR = 1.91, 95%CI:1.27-2.56), poor event-free survival (EFS) (HR = 2.98, 95%CI:0.57-5.39) and poor progress-free survival (PFS) (HR = 3.21, 95%CI:0.33-6.75) after treatment. Furthermore, the similar results were observed in subgroup analysis stratified by cancer type, cutoff value of RDW, sample size and ethnicity. In conclusion, this meta-analysis demonstrated that RDW may be a potential prognostic marker in patients with cancer, and high RDW may also be associated with poor outcomes.
The birth of beyond 5G (B5G) and emerge of 6G have made personal and industrial operations more reliable, efficient, and profitable, accelerating the development of the next-generation Internet of ...Things (IoT). We know, one of the most important key performance indicators in 6G is smart network architecture, and in massive IoT applications, energy-efficient ubiquity networks rely mainly on the intelligence and automation for industrial applications. This article addresses the energy consumption problem with a massive IoT system model with dynamic network architecture or clustering using a multiagent system (MAS) for industrial 6G applications. The work uses distributed artificial intelligence (DAI) to cluster the sensor nodes in the system to find the main node and predict its location. The work initially uses the backpropagation neural network (BPNN) and convolutional neural network (CNN), which are, respectively, introduced for optimization. Furthermore, the work analyzes the correlation of mutual clusters to allocate resources to individual nodes in each cluster efficiently. The simulation results show that the proposed method reduces the waste of resources caused by redundant data, improves the energy efficiency of the whole network, along with information preservation.
The imaginary Poynting momentum (IPM) of light has been captivated as an unusual origin of optical forces. However, the IPM force is predicted only for dipolar magnetoelectric particles that are ...hardly used in optical manipulation experiments. Here, we report a whole family of high-order IPM forces for not only magnetoelectric but also generic Mie particles, assisted with their excited higher multipoles within. Such optomechanical manifestations derive from a nonlocal contribution of the IPM to the optical force, which can be remarkable even when the incident IPM is small. We observe the high-order optomechanics in a structured light beam, which, despite carrying no angular momentum, is able to set normal microparticles into continuous rotation. Our results provide unambiguous evidence of the ponderomotive nature of the IPM, expand the classification of optical forces, and open new possibilities for levitated optomechanics and micromanipulations.
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women. Up to 99% of cervical cancer cases are associated with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV). Sexual behavior is a direct risk factor for HPV ...infection, and sexually active college students, therefore, receive attention for HPV vaccination. At present, most Chinese studies lack of in-depth research on influencing factors, and are limited to cervical cancer, HPV, or HPV vaccine, without comprehensive consideration. This study investigated Chinese college students' cervical cancer prevention and treatment knowledge level, and explored the influencing factors, and understood their willingness to receive HPV vaccination. The findings of this study will lay a foundation for promoting the early screening of cervical cancer and vaccination process.
A total of 800 college students from four universities in Zhengzhou, China were selected by multistage random sampling method. A self-administered questionnaire on the knowledge of cervical cancer prevention and treatment, and willingness to receive HPV vaccination was carried out. A logistic regression model was conducted to analyze factors influencing knowledge of cervical cancer prevention and treatment among college students.
Up to 87.9% of college students said they had heard of cervical cancer. The proportion of college students with good knowledge of cervical cancer prevention and treatment was 46.7%. Logistic regression showed that gender, major, grade, level of education, the father's level of education, premarital sex attitude, and mother cervical cancer screening participation had a significant influence on cervical cancer prevention and treatment knowledge level (P < 0.05). In addition, 589 (74.0%) of college students had heard of HPV vaccine, and 92.8% of college students said they were willing to get vaccinated or recommended that their relatives and friends get vaccinated.
The knowledge level of cervical cancer prevention and treatment knowledge among college students in Zhengzhou is low. Many of them had poor knowledge about HPV vaccine, but their willingness to vaccination is high. Various health education modes should be carried out for people with different characteristics, to improve their knowledge of cervical cancer prevention and promote the vaccination process.
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