Bearing failure is one of the dominant causes of failure and breakdowns in rotating machinery, leading to huge economic loss. Aiming at the nonstationary and nonlinear characteristics of bearing ...vibration signals as well as the complexity of condition-indicating information distribution in the signals, a novel rolling element bearing fault diagnosis method based on multifractal theory and gray relation theory was proposed in the paper. Firstly, a generalized multifractal dimension algorithm was developed to extract the characteristic vectors of fault features from the bearing vibration signals, which can offer more meaningful and distinguishing information reflecting different bearing health status in comparison with conventional single fractal dimension. After feature extraction by multifractal dimensions, an adaptive gray relation algorithm was applied to implement an automated bearing fault pattern recognition. The experimental results show that the proposed method can identify various bearing fault types as well as severities effectively and accurately.
Active learning (AL) is an approach that can reduce the dependence on the labeled set significantly. However, most current active-learning methods are only concerned with the first two columns of the ...posterior probability matrix during the sampling phase. When the difference between the first and second-largest posterior probabilities of several samples is proximate, these approaches fail to distinguish them further. To improve these deficiencies, we propose an active-learning algorithm, joint posterior probabilistic active learning combined with conditional random field (JPPAL_CRF). In the active-learning sampling phase, a new sampling decision function is built by jointing all the information in the posterior probability matrix. By doing so, the variability between different samples is refined, which makes the selected samples more meaningful for classification. Then, a conditional random field (CRF) approach is applied to mine the regional spatial information of the hyperspectral image and optimize the classification results. Experiments on two common hyperspectral datasets validate the effectiveness of JPPAL_CRF.
Deciphering the mechanisms of meiosis has important implications for potential applications in plant breeding programmes and species evolution. However, the process of meiosis is poorly understood in ...carnation, which is famous for its cut flowers.
We report that Dianthus caryophyllus parallel spindle 1 (DcPS1) regulates omission of second division like a (OSDLa) during pollen development and 2n gamete production in carnation meiosis. In DcPS1 and OSDLa RNAi lines, an absence of the second meiotic division and the abnormal orientation of spindles at meiosis II might be the main reason for dyad/triad formation, resulting in unreduced gametes. We also found that carnation OSDLa interacted with DcPS1 and DcRAD51D. In the DcPS1 RNAi lines, a decrease in OSDLa and DcRAD51D expression was observed. In the OSDLa RNAi lines, a decrease in DcPS1 and DcRAD51D expression was also observed. We propose that DcPS1 regulates OSDLa expression, allowing entry into meiosis II and the proper orientation of the metaphase II spindle in meiosis II. We also propose that OSDLa regulates DcRAD51D expression, allowing for homologous recombination.
These results suggest a critical role for DcPS1 and OSDLa in diplogamete production during meiosis and open a new pathway for meiosis-related studies.
Uncertainty is common in miscellaneous decision-making problems, including bi-matrix games. The uncertainty of bi-matrix games is caused by the complexity of the game environment and the limitations ...of players’ cognition rather than the asymmetry of information. Therefore, it is hard for players to precisely give their crisp payoff values. In this paper, a new method considering the acceptance degree that the general intuitionistic fuzzy constraints may be violated is developed to solve general intuitionistic fuzzy bi-matrix games (GIFBMGs). In the method, a new asymmetric general intuitionistic fuzzy number (GIFN) and its cut sets are firstly defined. Then, the order relationship of GIFNs and the definitions of α and β-bi-matrix games are proposed. Afterwards, the constructed general intuitionistic fuzzy quadratic program is converted into an interval bi-objective program on the basis of the order relationship of GIFNs. Furthermore, the interval bi-objective program is converted into a multi-objective quadratic program based on the combination of interval order relationship and the player’s acceptance degree. A goal programming approach is put forward to solve the multi-objective quadratic program. Finally, the validity of the proposed method is verified with a numerical example for corporate environmental behavior (CEB), and some comparative analyses are conducted to show the superiority of the proposed method.
Botanical oils are staple consumer goods globally, but as a by-product of oil crops, meal is of low utilization value and prone to causing environmental problems. The development of proteins in meal ...into bioactive peptides, such as
peptide, through biotechnology can not only solve environmental problems, but also create more valuable nutritional additives. In the present work, the hydrolysis process of
meal protein suitable for industrial application was optimized with the response surface methodology (RSM) on the basis of single-factor experiments. Alcalase was firstly selected as the best-performing among four proteases. Then, based on Alcalase, the optimal hydrolysis conditions were as follows: enzyme concentration of 7%, hydrolysis temperature of 61.4 °C, liquid-solid ratio of 22.33:1 (mL/g) and hydrolysis time of 4 h. Under these conditions, the degree of hydrolysis (DH) of
meal protein was 26.23 ± 0.83% and the DPPH scavenging capacity of hydrolysate was 94.15 ± 1.12%. The soluble peptide or protein concentration of
meal protein hydrolysate rose up to 5.24 ± 0.05 mg/mL, the ideal yield of which was estimated to be 17.9%. SDS-PAGE indicated that a large proportion of new bands in hydrolysate with small molecular weights appeared, which was different from the original
meal protein. The present data contributed to further, more specific research on the separation, purification and identification of antioxidant peptide from the hydrolysate of
meal protein. The results showed that the hydrolysis of
meal protein could yield peptides with high antioxidant activity and potential applications as natural antioxidants in the food industry.
Deer antler base (Cervus, Lu Jiao Pan ▪) has been recorded in the Chinese medical classics Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing (▪) 2000 years ago and is believed to nourish the Yin, tonify the kidney, invigorate ...the spleen, strengthen bones and muscles, and promote blood flow. In China, deer antler base has been extensively used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to treat a variety of diseases including mammary hyperplasia, mastitis, uterine fibroids, malignant sores and children's mumps.
We provide an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of the traditional uses, chemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and clinical trials of deer antler base in order to explore its therapeutic potentials and future research needs.
The pharmacological value of deer antler base was ignored for many years while researchers concentrated on the pharmacological value of velvet antler. However, more recently, scientists have carried out a great number of chemical, pharmacological and clinical studies on deer antler base. The present review covers the literature available from 1980 to 2012. All relevant information on deer antler base was collected from ancient Chinese herbal classics, pharmacopoeias, formularies, scientific journals, books, theses and reports via a library and electronic search by using PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, and CNKI (in Chinese).
Both in vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies have demonstrated that deer antler base possess immunomodulatory, anti-cancer, anti-fatigue, anti-osteoporosis, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-stress, anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, hematopoietic modulatory activities and the therapeutic effect on mammary hyperplasia. Although the mechanism of actions is still not clear, the pharmacological activities could be mainly attributed to the major bioactive compounds amino acids, polypeptides and proteins. Based on animal studies and clinical trials, deer antler base causes no severe side effects.
Deer antler base has emerged as a good source of traditional medicine. However, further investigations are needed to explore individual bioactive compounds responsible for these in vitro and in vivo pharmacological effects and its mechanism of actions. Further safety assessments and clinical trials in humans need to be performed before it can be integrated into medicinal practices. The present review has provided preliminary information for further studies and commercial exploitations of deer antler base.
Display omitted
Abstract
Background
Ulcerative colitis is a common non-specific chronic disease. Supplementing probiotics has become an important method for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. This study aimed to ...explore the effect of supplementing bifid triple viable capsules on background mesalazine plus somatostatin on plasma inflammatory factors and T cell frequency in ulcerative colitis patients.
Methods
A total of 130 ulcerative colitis patients admitted to our hospital from August 2018 to March 2020 were included and divided into the experimental group (65 patients with mesalazine plus somatostatin and bifid triple viable capsules for treatment) and the control group (65 patients treated with mesalazine plus somatostatin) using the random number table method. Bifid triple viable bacteria capsules were given orally, 420 mg each time, with 3 times a day for 2 months.
Results
Before treatment, the plasma levels of IL-6, IL-8, hs-CRP, TNF-α, D-lactic acid, and endotoxin (ET), CD4+, CD8+, CD4/CD8 ratio, diamine oxidase (DA0), emotional ability, social ability, intestinal and systemic symptoms were not significantly different between the two groups (all
P
> 0.05). After treatment, the plasma levels of IL-6, IL-8, hs-CRP, and TNF-α decreased in both groups, and were lower in the experimental group than those in the control group (all
P
< 0.05). The levels of CD4+ and CD4/CD8 ratio increased, and were higher in the experimental group than those in the control group (
P
< 0.05); the CD8+ levels were reduced, and were lower in the experimental group than those in the control group (
P
< 0.05). The plasma D-lactic acid, ET, and DA0 levels were decreased, and were lower in the experimental group than those in the control group; emotional ability, social ability, intestinal and systemic symptoms were improved, and were higher in the experimental group than those in the control group (all
P
< 0.05). During the course of treatment, 2 cases of abdominal discomfort and 1 case of rash occurred in the experimental group, with an adverse event rate of 4.62% (3/65); 3 cases of abdominal discomfort and 2 cases of rash occurred in the control group, with an adverse event rate of 7.69% (5/65).
Conclusion
The supplementary treatment of bifid triple viable capsules can effectively enhance the curative effect in ulcerative colitis patients, reduce plasma inflammatory factors, and regulate T cell frequency, which is worthy of clinical application.
Abstract Background Cough is one of the most common complications of opioids. Many studies have evaluated the effect of various drugs in preventing opioid-induced cough (OIC). However, there is ...existing controversy about those reports. The present study was performed to assess the efficacy of different interventions on OIC. Methods We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, and Embase to identify randomized controlled trials on the efficacy of different drugs in the prevention of OIC. Opioids included fentanyl, sufentanil, and remifentanil. We mainly investigated the incidence and severity of OIC after different interventions. Results Thirty-four trials including 9906 patients were analyzed in this study. Twenty different drugs were reported, and 10 drugs were indentified in more than 2 articles. These drugs, including lidocaine, ketamine, dexmedetomidine, priming of fentanyl, propofol, dezocine, dexamethasone, dextromethorphan, and magnesium sulfate (MgSO4 ), showed a significant efficacy compared with controls. There were insufficient numbers of trials for salbutamol, clonidine, tramadol, pentazocine, rocuronium, midazolam, atropine, terbutaline, sodium chromoglycate, beclomethasone, and ephedrine. From these data, we found that salbutamol, tramadol, midazolam, and atropine were ineffective. Conclusions This meta-analysis suggested that the prophylactic administration of lidocaine, ketamine, dexmedetomidine, priming of fentanyl, propofol, and dezocine was effective in preventing OIC.
have been frequently used for clinical application in China, and the herb residues of
turn out to be a waste of resources. To escape from this, the medicine value of
herb residues is mined in this ...article. We isolated hemicellulose polysaccharide AX-I-3b from
herb residues by fractional extraction. Monosaccharide-composition analysis revealed that AX-I-3b consisted of arabinose, xylose, and glucose with a molar ratio of 10.4:79.3:1.1. Methylation, NMR and FT-IR analyses showed that AX-I-3b monosaccharide residue was linked as follows: →2,3,4)-β-d-Xylp-(1→, →4)-β-d-Arap-(1→, →4)-β-d-Glcp-(1→. Then, we found that AX-I-3b exhibited antitumor activity against lung cancer in vitro and vivo through MTT assay and xenograft tumor model. Mechanistically, AX-I-3b induced apoptosis in lung cancer cells and xenograft tumors, which is evidenced by the up-regulation of p53, Bax and cleaved caspase-3, and the down-regulation of Bcl-2. Moreover, AX-I-3b synergistically improved the therapeutic ability of cisplatin in xenograft tumors model. Furthermore, AX-I-3b treatment effectively improved the immune organ index, the percentage of spleen lymphocyte subsets and serum cytokine levels in lung cancer mice, supporting that AX-I-3b showed immunomodulatory activity. In conclusion, our results identified AX-I-3b as an antitumor and immunomodulatory agent, providing a new insight into the reutilization of
herb residue.
Band selection is one of the main methods of reducing the number of dimensions in a hyperspectral image. Recently, various methods have been proposed to address this issue. However, these methods ...usually obtain the band subset in the perspective of a locally optimal solution. To achieve an optimal solution with a global perspective, this paper developed a novel method for hyperspectral band selection via optimal combination strategy (OCS). The main contributions are as follows: (1) a subspace partitioning approach is proposed which can accurately obtain the partitioning points of the subspace. This ensures that similar bands can be divided into the same subspace; (2) two candidate representative bands with a large amount of information and high similarity are chosen from each subspace, which can fully represent all bands in the subspace; and (3) an optimal combination strategy is designed to acquire the optimal band subset, which achieves an optimal solution with a global perspective. The results on four public datasets illustrate that the proposed method achieves satisfactory performance against other methods.
PDF
