In this paper, we propose a novel gesture recognition system based on a smartphone. Due to the limitation of Channel State Information (CSI) extraction equipment, existing WiFi-based gesture ...recognition is limited to the microcomputer terminal equipped with Intel 5300 or Atheros 9580 network cards. Therefore, accurate gesture recognition can only be performed in an area relatively fixed to the transceiver link. The new gesture recognition system proposed by us breaks this limitation. First, we use nexmon firmware to obtain 256 CSI subcarriers from the bottom layer of the smartphone in IEEE 802.11ac mode on 80 MHz bandwidth to realize the gesture recognition system's mobility. Second, we adopt the cross-correlation method to integrate the extracted CSI features in the time and frequency domain to reduce the influence of changes in the smartphone location. Third, we use a new improved DTW algorithm to classify and recognize gestures. We implemented vast experiments to verify the system's recognition accuracy at different distances in different directions and environments. The results show that the system can effectively improve the recognition accuracy.
Background
Thoracic spinal stenosis is a common vertebral degenerative disease, and treatment remains challenging. In recent years, transforaminal endoscopic decompression has been widely used for ...treating lumbar degenerative diseases. However, the efficacy of this procedure for thoracic spinal stenosis has yet to be established. Herein, we report a case of thoracic spinal stenosis treated with transforaminal endoscopic decompression under local anesthesia.
Case report
An 88-year-old man presented with a 1-month history of progressive paralysis and dysesthesia in the bilateral lower extremities. A diagnosis of thoracic spinal stenosis was made, based on physical examination. A two-step percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic thoracic decompression was performed for spinal canal decompression. Over a follow-up of 1 year, a favorable outcome was noted.
Conclusion
Transforaminal endoscopic decompression is a safe and an effective surgical approach for the treatment of thoracic spinal stenosis. For patients with thoracic spinal stenosis, accurate diagnosis and elaborate surgical planning should be highlighted, and the surgical outcome can be favorable.
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health emergency. Various omics results have been reported for COVID-19, but the molecular hallmarks of COVID-19, especially in those ...patients without comorbidities, have not been fully investigated. Here we collect blood samples from 231 COVID-19 patients, prefiltered to exclude those with selected comorbidities, yet with symptoms ranging from asymptomatic to critically ill. Using integrative analysis of genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic and lipidomic profiles, we report a trans-omics landscape for COVID-19. Our analyses find neutrophils heterogeneity between asymptomatic and critically ill patients. Meanwhile, neutrophils over-activation, arginine depletion and tryptophan metabolites accumulation correlate with T cell dysfunction in critical patients. Our multi-omics data and characterization of peripheral blood from COVID-19 patients may thus help provide clues regarding pathophysiology of and potential therapeutic strategies for COVID-19.
Purpose The efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) plus surgery for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains controversial. In this trial, we compared the survival ...and safety of NCRT plus surgery with surgery alone in patients with locally advanced ESCC. Patients and Methods From June 2007 to December 2014, 451 patients with potentially resectable thoracic ESCC, clinically staged as T1-4N1M0/T4N0M0, were randomly allocated to NCRT plus surgery (group CRT; n = 224) and surgery alone (group S; n = 227). In group CRT, patients received vinorelbine 25 mg/m
intravenously (IV) on days 1 and 8 and cisplatin 75 mg/m
IV day 1, or 25 mg/m
IV on days 1 to 4 every 3 weeks for two cycles, with a total concurrent radiation dose of 40.0 Gy administered in 20 fractions of 2.0 Gy on 5 days per week. In both groups, patients underwent McKeown or Ivor Lewis esophagectomy. The primary end point was overall survival. Results The pathologic complete response rate was 43.2% in group CRT. Compared with group S, group CRT had a higher R0 resection rate (98.4% v 91.2%; P = .002), a better median overall survival (100.1 months v 66.5 months; hazard ratio, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.96; P = .025), and a prolonged disease-free survival (100.1 months v 41.7 months; hazard ratio, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.43 to 0.78; P < .001). Leukopenia (48.9%) and neutropenia (45.7%) were the most common grade 3 or 4 adverse events during chemoradiotherapy. Incidences of postoperative complications were similar between groups, with the exception of arrhythmia (group CRT: 13% v group S: 4.0%; P = .001). Peritreatment mortality was 2.2% in group CRT versus 0.4% in group S ( P = .212). Conclusion This trial shows that NCRT plus surgery improves survival over surgery alone among patients with locally advanced ESCC, with acceptable and manageable adverse events.
Carbon dioxide capture and transformation are of great importance to make cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Nanometal–organic frameworks (NMOFs) could serve as ideal fillers for polymer membranes ...owing to their structural diversity and regulable microenvironment of the nanocage. Herein, a bifunctional, robust, and chemically cross-linked NMOF-based membrane was successfully constructed by the postsynthetic polymerization of imidazolium-based ionic liquid (IL)-decorated UiO-66 type nanoparticles (NPs) and the isocyanate-terminated polyurethane oligomer under mild conditions. The IL-modified MOF–polymer membranes exhibit a highly selective adsorption for CO2 over N2 and CH4. In addition, the obtained membrane can also be a highly active heterogeneous catalyst for CO2 transformation by cycloaddition with epoxide under an ambient pressure.
The coupled quantum dynamics of electrons and protons is ubiquitous in many dynamical processes involving light-matter interaction, such as solar energy conversion in chemical systems and ...photosynthesis. A first-principles description of such nuclear-electronic quantum dynamics requires not only the time-dependent treatment of nonequilibrium electron dynamics but also that of quantum protons. Quantum mechanical correlation between electrons and protons adds further complexity to such coupled dynamics. Here we extend real-time nuclear-electronic orbital time-dependent density functional theory (RT-NEO-TDDFT) to periodic systems and perform first-principles simulations of coupled quantum dynamics of electrons and protons in complex heterogeneous systems. The process studied is an electronically excited-state intramolecular proton transfer of o-hydroxybenzaldehyde in water and at a silicon (111) semiconductor-molecule interface. These simulations illustrate how environments such as hydrogen-bonding water molecules and an extended material surface impact the dynamical process on the atomistic level. Depending on how the molecule is chemisorbed on the surface, excited-state electron transfer from the molecule to the semiconductor surface can inhibit ultrafast proton transfer within the molecule. This Letter elucidates how heterogeneous environments influence the balance between the quantum mechanical proton transfer and excited electron dynamics. The periodic RT-NEO-TDDFT approach is applicable to a wide range of other photoinduced heterogeneous processes.
By systematically summarizing horizontal well fracturing technology abroad for shale oil and gas reservoirs since the “13th Five-Year Plan”, this article elaborates new horizontal well fracturing ...features in 3D development of stacked shale reservoirs, small well spacing and dense well pattern, horizontal well re-fracturing, fracturing parameters optimization and cost control. In light of requirements on horizontal well fracturing technology in China, we have summarized the technological progress in simulation of multi-fracture propagation, horizontal well frac-design, electric-drive fracturing equipment, soluble tools and low-cost downhole materials and factory-like operation. On this basis, combined with the demand analysis of horizontal well fracturing technology in the “14th Five-Year Plan” for unconventional shale oil and gas, we suggest strengthening the research and development in the following 7 aspects: (1) geology-engineering integration; (2) basic theory and design optimization of fracturing for shale oil and gas reservoirs; (3) development of high-power electric-drive fracturing equipment; (4) fracturing tool and supporting equipment for long horizontal section; (5) horizontal well flexible-sidetracking drilling technology for tapping remaining oil; (6) post-frac workover technology for long horizontal well; (7) intelligent fracturing technology.
Agricultural runoff is an important antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) dissemination pathway from farmlands to water environment, however few studies have focused on the influence of agricultural ...land-use change on the pattern of ARGs in runoff and assess the health risk to public. Lake Tai Basin which experiences agricultural land-use change was selected to elucidate this concern. Our findings revealed that the pattern of ARGs was more diverse and the gene abundance was higher in orchard runoffs by comparison with conventional cropland runoffs. Co-occurrence network analysis between mobile genetic elements and ARGs demonstrated that after agricultural land-use change, ARG dissemination via runoffs became more threatened. In addition, this study illustrated the correlations between the antibiotic resistome and microbiome in runoffs, finding that non-dominant microbial taxa were the limiting factor which determined the pattern of ARGs in surface runoffs. In summary, the pattern and dissemination risk of ARGs in the surface runoff after agricultural land-use change in Lake Tai Basin were clarified via this study.
Display omitted
•Orchard runoffs harbor more diverse and abundant ARGs than traditional cropland runoffs.•After land-use change, runoffs possess a strong ability for disseminating ARGs in Lake Tai Basin.•Non-dominant bacterial taxa are closely correlated with the antibiotic resistome in runoffs.•The effect of agricultural land-use change on the ARG contamination in Lake Tai Basin should not be underestimated.
This review summarizes the research outcomes and findings documented in 45 journal papers using a shared tunnel boring machine (TBM) dataset for performance prediction and boring efficiency ...optimization using machine learning methods. The big dataset was collected during the Yinsong water diversion project construction in China, covering the tunnel excavation of a 20 km-section with 199 items of monitoring metrics taken with an interval of one second. The research papers were the result of a call for contributions during a TBM machine learning contest in 2019 and covered a variety of topics related to the intelligent construction of TBM. This review comprises two parts. Part I is concerned with the data processing, feature extraction, and machine learning methods applied by the contributors. The review finds that the data-driven and knowledge-driven approaches in extracting important features applied by various authors are diversified, requiring further studies to achieve commonly accepted criteria. The techniques for cleaning and amending the raw data adopted by the contributors were summarized, indicating some highlights such as the importance of sufficiently high frequency of data acquisition (higher than 1 second), classification and standardization for the data preprocessing process, and the appropriate selections of features in a boring cycle. The review finds that both supervised and unsupervised machine learning methods have been utilized by various researchers. The ensemble and deep learning methods have found wide applications. Part I highlights the important features of the individual methods applied by the contributors, including the structures of the algorithm, selection of hyperparameters, and model validation approaches.
Salts containing triarylphosphine radical cations 1 •+ and 2 •+ have been isolated and characterized by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and UV–vis absorption spectroscopy as well as ...single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Radical 1 •+ exhibits a relaxed pyramidal geometry, while radical 2 •+ becomes fully planar. EPR studies and theoretical calculations showed that the introduction of bulky aryl groups leads to enhanced p character of the singly occupied molecular orbital, and the radicals become less pyramidalized or fully flattened.
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