The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of exposure to endotoxin on the reproductive performance of humans and animals in pregnancy and delivery period. Mucin is considered to play ...a critical role in protecting the tissue epithelium. At pregnancy period, the MUC2 expression of uterus in the High LPS group was significantly higher than that in the Control group. The glycosaminoglycans of gland cells were secreted into the uterine cavity to protect the uterus. Then, the MUC2 layer became thinner, and LPS entered the lamina propria of the uterus. The mRNA expression of tight junction proteins showed a marked drop, and morphological damage of the uterus occurred. Subsequently, the glycosaminoglycans of gland cells in the High LPS and Low LPS groups increased with the increasing LPS dose, and the damage to the endometrial epithelium was repaired in female mice at Day 5 postdelivery. A low dose of LPS activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathways to increase the glycosaminoglycans particles, while a high dose of LPS inhibited the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to decrease the glycosaminoglycans particles. Taken together, our results suggest that gland cells secreted glycosaminoglycans particles into the uterine cavity by exocytosis to increase the thickness of the mucus layer to protect the uterus and that this process was regulated by PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.
•Mucopolysaccharides and MUC2 secrection were regulated by PI3K/AKT signal pathways.•The thickness of MUC2 layer take self-protection for the uterus.•The endotoxin could reduce the conception rate and survival rate of young rats.
Despite the excellent photodynamic and photothermal properties of organic molecular photosensitizers (PSs) and photothermal agents (PTAs), such as porphyrin and naphthalocyanine, their poor water ...solubility severely impedes their biological applications. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), as an emerging class of organic crystalline porous materials, possess free active end groups (bonding defects) and large inner pores, which make them an ideal type of nanocarriers for loading hydrophobic organic molecular PSs and PTAs by both bonding defect functionalization (BDF) and guest encapsulation approaches to obtain multifunctional nanomedicines for PDT/PTT combination therapy. In this work, we report a nanoscale COF (NCOF) prepared via a facile synthetic approach under ambient conditions. Furthermore, a dual-modal PDT/PTT therapeutic nanoagent, VONc@COF-Por (3), is successfully fabricated by stepwise BDF and guest encapsulation processes. The covalently grafted porphyrinic PS (Por) and the noncovalently loaded naphthalocyanine PTA (VONc) are independently responsible for the PDT and PTT functionalities of the nanoagent. Upon visible (red LED) and NIR (808 nm laser) irradiation, VONc@COF-Por (3) displayed high 1O2 generation and photothermal conversion ability (55.9%), consequently providing an excellent combined PDT/PTT therapeutic effect on inhibiting MCF-7 tumor cell proliferation and metastasis, which was well evidenced by in vitro and in vivo experiments. We believe that the results obtained herein can significantly promote the development of NCOF-based multifunctional nanomedicines for biomedical applications.
Hematite (α-Fe 2 O 3 ) with well-defined plate, cube and rod morphologies has been successfully synthesized, which predominantly exposes the (001), (012) and (110) facets, respectively. Rod-like α-Fe ...2 O 3 with exposed (110) facets showed a greater CO catalytic activity than catalysts with all other morphologies. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results and theoretical calculation analysis revealed that the different catalytic activities over the catalysts with various morphologies could be attributed to various catalytic mechanisms caused by different surface structures, leading to different activation energies in CO oxidation catalysis by α-Fe 2 O 3 (001), (012) and (110) facets.
The utilization of a porous Cd( ii )-MOF (Cd(L) 2 (ClO 4 ) 2 ·H 2 O) (L = 4-amino-3,5-bis(4-pyridyl-3-phenyl)-1,2,4-triazole) with good thermal/chemical stability for solid-phase micro-extraction ...(SPME) is reported. The Cd( ii )-MOF thin films are expediently in situ grown on quartz fiber in solution, exhibiting high sensitivity and selectivity towards volatile benzene, toluene, o -, m -, p -xylene, and ethylbenzene (termed as BTEX) aromatics. The limits of detection for BTEX are 0.01–0.001 μg L −1 .
Six of 16 patients presented with an elevated white blood cell count (38%), whereas 11 of 16 patients had hypochromic microcytic anemia (69%). In 11 cases, computed tomography (CT) revealed tumors ...with clear borders that were excised completely using the following procedures: lung lobectomy (left lung; n = 1, right middle and lower lobe; n = 1), excision of the left superior mediastinum tumor and partial rib (n = 1), total excision of the mass with adjacent bowel (n = 3), partial cystectomy (n = 2), and total excision of the neck mass (n = 3). Figure 1 Features of a liver inflammatory myofibroblastoma (IMT) on coronal computed tomography (CT) images, demonstrating invasion of the portal vein, including the left branch, with tumor embolus (A).
A porous heteroatom-rich Cd(II)-polymeric framework which is generated from an ethylene glycol ether-bridging dicarboxylate ligand L, 4,4′-bipy and Cd(II) ion is reported. It contains one-dimensional ...tubes (9–11 Å) which are able to trap cationic lanthanide hydrates such as Eu(H2O)8 3+, Tb(H2O)8 3+, and Nd(H2O)8 3+ under ambient conditions to generate Ln(H2O)8 3+-loaded materials. In addition, the heteroatom-rich host material can effectively protect and sensitize the encapsulated Ln3+ emitters in their hydrate form in both air and aqueous media. Furthermore, the dual- and bimodal-emissions are successfully realized by intercalation of the different Ln3+-hydrates based on a guest-driven approach.
Synergistic phototherapy combining photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) based on near-infrared (NIR) dyes using a single light source offers the opportunity to treat diseases at ...deep locations. In this study, we reported human serum albumin (HSA)-involving tetra(butylamino)phthalocyanine (Pc)-based nanomaterials of
HSA-α-Pc
and
HSA-β-Pc
as highly efficient dual-phototherapy agents, namely 1(4),8(11),15(18),22(25)-tetra(butylamino)phthalocyanine (
α-Pc
) and 2(3),9(10),16(17),23(24)-tetra(butylamino)phthalocyanine (
β-Pc
). Both
HSA-α-Pc
and
HSA-β-Pc
showed excellent photothermal effects under a single NIR (808 nm) laser irradiation due to the
S
1
fluorescence emission quenching of Pcs. Compared to
HSA-β-Pc
,
HSA-α-Pc
exhibited better singlet oxygen generation ability and its highly efficient PDT/PTT dual-phototherapy was also well evidenced
via in vitro
and
vivo
experiments under a single 808 nm laser irradiation. Overall, this approach would be viable for the fabrication of more new Pc-based metal-free nano agents for PDT/PTT synergistic phototherapy upon a single NIR light source.
Two new HSA-involved tetra(butylamino)phthalocyanine composite nanoparticles, as highly efficient dual-phototherapy agents upon a single NIR laser irradiation, were reported.
We report herein a new ZIF-90-based PDT agent which was synthesized by in situ assembly of imidazole-2-carboxaldehyde (IcaH), Zn(NO3)2, and heavy atom iodine-attached Bodipy. The obtained ...2I-BodipyPhNO2@ZIF-90 (1) host–guest photosensitive system featured low cytotoxicity, good biocompatibility, pH-driven selective cancer cell uptake and release, mitochondria targeting, and highly efficient pH-triggered 1O2 generation. Therefore, it can be used as a high-performing PDT agent to selectively kill tumor cells. In comparison to free 2I-BodipyPhNO2, 1 exhibits a much higher antitumor efficacy and selectivity, which was confirmed by in vitro cell experiments.
A bifunctional robust and highly porous imidazolium-based ionic liquid decorated UiO-67 type MOF (UiO-67-IL, 1) was successfully constructed via solvothermal assembly of the imidazolium-based ligand ...and Zr(IV) ions. It exhibits a highly selective adsorption for CO2 over CH4 and N2. Furthermore, 1 herein can be used as a highly active heterogeneous catalyst for CO2 cycloaddition with epoxides under atmospheric pressure with or without cocatalyst TBAB (n-Bu4NBr).
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