A variety of shared care models have been developed, which aim to stratify glaucoma patients according to risk of disease progression. However, there is limited published data on the rate of glaucoma ...progression in the hospital vs community setting. Here we aimed to compare rates of glaucomatous visual field progression in the Cambridge Community Optometrist Glaucoma Scheme (COGS) and Addenbrooke's Hospital Glaucoma Clinic (AGC).
A retrospective comparative cohort review was performed. Patients with five or more visual field tests were included. Zeiss Forum software was used to calculate the MD progression rate (dB/year). Loss of sight years (LSY) were also calculated for both COGS and AGC.
Overall, 8465 visual field tests from 854 patients were reviewed. In all, 362 eyes from the AGC group and 210 eyes from COGS were included. The MD deterioration rate was significantly lower in the COGS patients compared with the AGC group (-0.1 vs -0.3 dB/year; p < 0.0001). No patients in the COGS group were predicted to become blind within their lifetime by LSY analysis. Fifteen patients were at risk in the AGC group.
This service evaluation shows that COGS is an effective scheme to stratify lower risk glaucoma patients, increasing the capacity within hospital eye services. COGS patients have a lower rate of visual field deterioration compared to AGC patients. Effective communication between community and tertiary schemes is essential to facilitate transfer of patients requiring further hospital management reliably and efficiently, with the potential for low-risk patients to be followed safely in the community.
Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a rare monogenic disorder caused by mutations in the NOTCH3 gene. The clinical features are ...primarily neurological, which include recurrent transient ischaemic attacks, strokes, and migraines. However, psychiatric manifestations which mainly include mood disturbances have also been reported in CADASIL. Manic symptoms and bipolar disorders are rarely documented in CADASIL and existing reports generally lack detailed descriptions of the psychiatric evaluation. We discuss a case of Bipolar Affective Disorder (BD) in a British woman with a family history of CADASIL. This case provides insight into the diagnosis and management of BD as well as the possible underlying aetiologies that should be considered. The similarities between BD and CADASIL in terms of imaging, genetic, and therapeutic aspects raise the possibility of common dysfunctional pathways. BD in CADASIL may warrant greater consideration by both psychiatrists as well as non-psychiatric specialists and further studies are required to understand the pathological significance.
This article reports the effect of a nanoscale addition of TiOsub.2 on the structure and superconducting parameters of the high-temperature superconductor YBasub.2Cusub.3Osub.7-δ (Y123). ...Polycrystalline compounds of Y123 with different percentages of TiOsub.2, x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0, were fabricated using the thermal treatment method. An analysis using X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of Y123 phases for all composite samples. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis revealed the growth of grain size and decrease in porosity, with a sign of partial melting of grains for the samples with TiOsub.2 addition. The magnetic and electric transport properties were investigated using AC susceptibility measurement and the four-probe method, respectively. It was observed that the superconducting transition temperature, Tsub.c-onset, for a pure sample determined by ACS and 4PP was 95.6 K and 95.4 K, respectively. These values were found to decrease with the addition of TiOsub.2, while the superconducting transition (∆Tsub.c) improved with TiOsub.2 addition except for the sample at x = 0.2 wt.%, which showed the broadest transition width. The sharpest superconducting transition (∆Tsub.c) was observed for the sample at x = 1.0 wt.%, indicating that the addition of TiOsub.2 nanoparticles is expected to serve as artificial pinning centres and strengthen the connection among the grains in the Y123 ceramic.
This article reports the effect of a nanoscale addition of TiO2 on the structure and superconducting parameters of the high-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7-δ (Y123). Polycrystalline compounds of ...Y123 with different percentages of TiO2, x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0, were fabricated using the thermal treatment method. An analysis using X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of Y123 phases for all composite samples. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis revealed the growth of grain size and decrease in porosity, with a sign of partial melting of grains for the samples with TiO2 addition. The magnetic and electric transport properties were investigated using AC susceptibility measurement and the four-probe method, respectively. It was observed that the superconducting transition temperature, Tc-onset, for a pure sample determined by ACS and 4PP was 95.6 K and 95.4 K, respectively. These values were found to decrease with the addition of TiO2, while the superconducting transition (∆Tc) improved with TiO2 addition except for the sample at x = 0.2 wt.%, which showed the broadest transition width. The sharpest superconducting transition (∆Tc) was observed for the sample at x = 1.0 wt.%, indicating that the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles is expected to serve as artificial pinning centres and strengthen the connection among the grains in the Y123 ceramic.
Asian blepharoplasty is a well-established and popular surgical procedure among individuals of East Asian descent, primarily concerned with creating a well-defined upper eyelid crease. The academic ...literature on this procedure has been mainly dedicated to surgical techniques and anatomical considerations. However, the popularity of this procedure that purports to modify race-typical features among Asians has generated debates on its wider social implications. This review discusses the anatomy of the Asian upper eyelid as well as ethnocultural and ethical implications of the Asian blepharoplasty.
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![Orthorhombic YBa[sub.2]Cu[s...](http://api.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/image/issn/XR4PS5YY4K/2079-6412/small "Orthorhombic YBa[sub.2]Cu[sub.3]O[sub.7−δ] Superconductor with TiO[sub.2] Nanoparticle Addition: Crystal Structure, Electric Resistivity, and AC Susceptibility")
