Flavonoids are widely distributed in plants, but their biological functions are still unclear. In the present study, in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to demonstrate the inhibitory ...activities of rutin, wogonin, and quercetin on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E
2 production in RAW 264.7 macrophages, primary peritoneal macrophages, and Balb/c mice, respectively. In vitro results showed that wogonin and quercetin dose-dependently suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages and primary peritoneal macrophages without a notable cytotoxic effect on either cell types associated with a decrease in inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression in both cells. Rutin, at 80 μM only, had a slight but obvious inhibitory effect on lipopolysaccharide-induced NO production in primary peritoneal macrophages. Both wogonin and quercetin attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced prostaglandin E
2 production in vitro. Intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide (10 mg/kg, i.v.) resulted in a time-dependent induction of NO production in serum, and pretreatment with the
l-arginine analog
N-nitro-
l-arginine methyl ester (
l-NAME) blocked this induction. Intravenous pretreatment of Balb/c mice with rutin, wogonin or quercetin for 1 h followed by lipopolysaccharide treatment significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced NO production, but no inhibition of prostaglandin E
2 production was found. A decrease in iNOS protein, but not cyclooxygenase-2 protein, was detected in liver and lung specimens of lipopolysaccharide-treated Balb/c mice in the presence of rutin, wogonin or quercetin. In conclusion, data obtained both in vitro and in vivo suggest that wogonin and quercetin exert inhibitory activity on lipopolysaccharide-induced NO production through suppression of iNOS expression.
Magnetic abrasive finishing (MAF) is a fast and high-precision polishing method. However, the magnetic force acting on abrasive particles will decrease remarkably when polishing stainless steel tubes ...with the property of non-permeability, such as the SUS304 stainless steel. Moreover, the abrasive particles will be moved off the surface of machining area due to the centrifugal force of rotation, resulting in reducing the stability of polishing process. Therefore, this study developed a novel approach by adopting different gels as the bonding materials to combine the magnetic abrasive particles with hard abrasive particles to create a series of magnetic abrasive gels. Generally, those abrasive gels have higher viscosity to dominate the flow property that will constrain uniform motion of the abrasive particles in MAF, and the abrasive gels can be tightly contacted to the wall surface to increase the stability of polishing. This investigation utilized the optimal parameters out of Taguchi method to polish SUS304 stainless steel tube for 30 minutes—the value of surface roughness can be reduced from 0.636μm Ra to 0.05μm Ra, which can be improved by 92.1%, and the amount of material remove rate is as high as 218.4mg.
Prenatal exposure to perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) increases fetus’ metabolic risk; however, the investigation of the underlying mechanism is limited. In this study, pregnant mice in the ...gestational days (GD, 4.5–17.5) were exposed to PFOS (0.3 and 3 μg/g of body weight). At GD 17.5, PFOS perturbed maternal lipid metabolism and upregulated metabolism-regulating hepatokines (Angptl4, Angptl8, and Selenop). Mass-spectrometry imaging and whole-genome bisulfite sequencing revealed, respectively, selective PFOS localization and deregulation of gene methylation in fetal livers, involved in inflammation, glucose, and fatty acid metabolism. PCR and Western blot analysis of lipid-laden fetal livers showed activation of AMPK signaling, accompanied by significant increases in the expression of glucose transporters (Glut2/4), hexose-phosphate sensors (Retsat and ChREBP), and the key glycolytic enzyme, pyruvate kinase (Pk) for glucose catabolism. Additionally, PFOS modulated the expression levels of PPARα and PPARγ downstream target genes, which simultaneously stimulated fatty acid oxidation (Cyp4a14, Acot, and Acox) and lipogenesis (Srebp1c, Acaca, and Fasn). Using human normal hepatocyte (MIHA) cells, the underlying mechanism of PFOS-elicited nuclear translocation of ChREBP, associated with a fatty acid synthesizing pathway, was revealed. Our finding implies that in utero PFOS exposure altered the epigenetic landscape associated with dysregulation of fetal liver metabolism, predisposing postnatal susceptibility to metabolic challenges.
The 900 °C isothermal section of Ti-Ni-V alloys Chen, Sinn-Wen; Ho, Chun-Sheng; Lin, Chih-Hao ...
Metallurgical and materials transactions. A, Physical metallurgy and materials science,
06/2000, Letnik:
31, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The experimental determination of the isothermal section of the Ti-Ni-V system at 900 C, completing the work started by Eremenko et al. (1984), is reported. The microstructure of the system is shown ...and discussed. (AIAA)
Abstract Background Percutaneous ventricular restoration therapy using left ventricle (LV) partitioning Parachute device has emerged as a clinical treatment option for LV apical aneurysm post ...extensive anterior myocardial infarction (AMI). We assessed changes of diastolic mechanics and accompanied functional improvements following LV parachute device implantation by cardiac computed tomography (CCT). Methods and Results CCT data from 28 patients in the pre- and post-implantation of LV parachute device implantation. Diastolic functional indices were obtained by quantitative CCT assessment: 1) transmitral velocities in early (E) and late (A) diastole and ratio (E/A); 2) early diastolic mitral septal tissue velocity (Ea) and E/Ea; and 3) vortex formation time (VFT). Functional improvements were assessed by NYHA classification. Among study patients, there were no significant differencesin all transmitral velocities and E/A, though there was significantly increased Ea, reduced E/Ea and greater VFT at 6 months after LV parachute device implantation. Finally, the improvement of diastolic functional indices post Parachute treatment correlated with observed clinical functional alterations ( delta E/Ea and delta NYHA class, r = 0.563, p = 0.002; delta VFT and delta NYHA, r = -0.507, p = 0.006). Conclusions LV parachute device implantation therapy by utilizing Parachute device delivery in heart failure caused by AMI and LV apical aneurysm formation showed improvements in several diastolic functional mechanics from CCT-based measures.
Abstract Background Inhibiting the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is an important issue, but the renoprotective effect of metformin is still controversial. Objective To ...assess the renoprotective effect of metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods This retrospective observational multicenter cohort study included 316 693 patients with type 2 diabetes from 7 hospitals. After matching for age, gender, medical year, baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urine protein (dipstick), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and propensity score; a total of 13 096 metformin and 13 096 non-metformin patients were included. The main results were doubling of serum creatinine, eGFR ≤ 15 mL/min/1.73 m2 and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Results After conducting a multivariable logistic regression analysis on the variables, the metformin group was revealed to have better renal outcomes than the non-metformin group, including a lower incidence of doubling of serum creatinine (hazard ratio HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.65-0.77), eGFR ≤ 15 mL/min/1.73 m2 (HR 0.61; 95% CI, 0.53-0.71), and ESKD (HR 0.55; 95% CI, 0.47-0.66). The subgroup analyses revealed a consistent renoprotective effect across patients with various renal functions. Furthermore, when considering factors such as age, sex, comorbidities, and medications in subgroup analyses, it consistently showed that the metformin group experienced a slower deterioration in renal function across nearly all patient subgroups. Conclusion Metformin decreased the risk of renal function deterioration.
We experimentally demonstrate W-band radio-over-fiber system employing single-sideband single-carrier modulation with lower PAPR than OFDM. Up to 50-Gbps wireless transmission with the highest ...spectral efficiency of 5-bit/s/Hz at 103GHz can be achieved over 25-km fiber.
With the increasing global popularity of self-driving cars, there is an immediate need for challenging real-world datasets for benchmarking and training various computer vision tasks such as 3D ...object detection. Existing datasets either represent simple scenarios or provide only day-time data. In this paper, we introduce a new challenging A*3D dataset which consists of RGB images and LiDAR data with a significant diversity of scene, time, and weather. The dataset consists of high-density images (≈ 10 times more than the pioneering KITTI dataset), heavy occlusions, a large number of nighttime frames (≈ 3 times the nuScenes dataset), addressing the gaps in the existing datasets to push the boundaries of tasks in autonomous driving research to more challenging highly diverse environments. The dataset contains 39K frames, 7 classes, and 230K 3D object annotations. An extensive 3D object detection benchmark evaluation on the A*3D dataset for various attributes such as high density, day-time/night-time, gives interesting insights into the advantages and limitations of training and testing 3D object detection in real-world setting.
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