Considerable attention has been paid to the utilization of CO2, an abundant carbon source in nature. In this regard, porous catalysts have been eagerly explored with excellent performance for ...photo‐/electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to high valued products. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), featuring large surface area, high porosity, tunable composition and unique structural characteristics, have been widely exploited in catalytic CO2 reduction. This Minireview first reports the current progress of MOFs in CO2 reduction. Then, a specific interest is focused on MOFs in photo‐/electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 by modifying their metal centers, organic linkers, and pores. Finally, the future directions of study are also highlighted to satisfy the requirement of practical applications.
Go photo! Benefitting from the adjustable pores, tunable composites and unique structure, MOFs have been extensively applied in photo‐/electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 with outstanding performances.
An electrochromic fiber‐shaped supercapacitor is developed by winding aligned carbon nanotube/polyaniline composite sheets on an elastic fiber. The fiber‐shaped supercapacitors demonstrate rapid and ...reversible chromatic transitions under different working states, which can be directly observed by the naked eye. They are also stretchable and flexible, and are woven into textiles to display designed signals in addition to storing energy.
An all‐solid‐state, coaxial and self‐powered “energy fiber” is demonstrated that simultaneously converts solar energy to electric energy and further stores it. The “energy fiber” is flexible and can ...be scaled up for the practical application by the well‐developed textile technology, and may open a new avenue to future photoelectronics and electronics.
Twisted, aligned carbon nanotube/silicon composite fibers with remarkable mechanical and electronic properties are designed to develop novel flexible lithium‐ion batteries with a high cyclic ...stability. The core‐sheath architecture and the aligned structure of the composite nanotube offer excellent combined properties.
Light my wire: Aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) fibers are wrapped around a TiO2 nanowire that is several centimeters long. Treating the ends of the nanotube wire with a light‐sensitive dye and an ...electrolyte, creates photoelectric‐conversion and energy‐storage regions in the same device (see scheme). The “wire” shows a high overall photoelectric conversion and storage efficiency of 1.5 %.
Inspired by the fantastic and fast-growing wearable electronics such as Google Glass and Apple iWatch, matchable lightweight and weaveable energy storage systems are urgently demanded while remaining ...as a bottleneck in the whole technology. Fiber-shaped energy storage devices that can be woven into electronic textiles may represent a general and effective strategy to overcome the above difficulty. Here a coaxial fiber lithium-ion battery has been achieved by sequentially winding aligned carbon nanotube composite yarn cathode and anode onto a cotton fiber. Novel yarn structures are designed to enable a high performance with a linear energy density of 0.75 mWh cm–1. A wearable energy storage textile is also produced with an areal energy density of 4.5 mWh cm–2.
Super-stretchy, fiber-shaped lithium-ion batteries with a record strain of 600% are developed by winding two highly aligned carbon nanotube composite fibers. The fiber-shaped battery exhibits high ...specific capacity, energy density and power density that can be well-maintained under stretching.
Rapid development of wearable electronics with various functionalities has stimulated the demand to construct functional fiber devices due to their merits of mechanical flexibility, weavability, ...miniaturization, and integrability. To this end, fiber components which can realize the functions of energy storage and conversion, actuating plus sensing have gained increasing concerns. Herein, we summarize the recent progress with respect to fiber material preparation, innovative structure design, and device performance in this review, also highlighting the possibility of integrated fiber electronics as an extension of application, the remaining challenges and future perspectives toward next‐generation smart systems and to facilitate their commercialization.
Stimulated by the rapid development of wearable electronics, conductive fibers featuring high electrical conductivity and structural flexibility offer the great promise as essential building blocks for constructing flexible devices with functions of energy storage and conversion, actuating plus sensing functions. In this article, Jixin Zhu, Wei Huang, and co‐workers give an overview of fiber material preparation, innovative structure design, and device performance, also highlight the possibility of integration system.
An all-solid-state and integrated device in which photoelectric conversion and energy storage are simultaneously realized has been developed from free-standing and aligned carbon nanotube films or ...carbon nanotube-polyaniline composite films. Due to the aligned structure and excellent electronic property of the film electrode, the integrated device exhibits a high entire photoelectric conversion and storage efficiency of similar to 5.12%. The novel devices can also be flexible, and show promising applications in a wide variety of fields, particularly for portable electronic equipment.
By using Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) to simulate a southwest vortex precipitation process, this work studies the correlations between entrainment rate (λ) and dynamical parameters in ...the cloud and further fit λ. We relate the probability density distribution (PDF) to the parameterization of λ and find that the greater the probability, the larger the slope of the logarithmic liner function. The slope of the log-linear fitting function in fitting decreases for developing and enhancing cumulus clouds, which is related to the increase in updraft motion and the decrease in λ. Then, we group clouds according to cloud top heights and calculate average λ and dynamic parameters, and the results indicate that when only one dynamic parameter is used, vertical wind velocity (w) is more suitable than buoyancy (B) to be used to fit λ. The fitting functions combing one single parameter and more parameters by principal components regression are compared with two traditional schemes, and we found that λ obtained by our fitting schemes are between the two traditional schemes. Because the principal component regression method takes into account the interaction between more dynamic factors and entrainment, the fitting function, including w and B, is suitable to be applied to fit λ in the parameterization scheme for cumulus clouds.
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