On account of the scarcity of molecules with a satisfactory second near-infrared (NIR-II) response, the design of high-performance organic NIR photothermal materials has been limited. Herein, we ...investigate a cocrystal incorporating tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) and tetrachloroperylene dianhydride (TCPDA) components. A stable radical was generated through charge transfer from TTF to TCPDA, which exhibits strong and wide-ranging NIR-II absorption. The metal-free TTF-TCPDA cocrystal in this research shows high photothermal conversion capability under 1064 nm laser irradiation and clear photothermal imaging. The remarkable conversion ability-which is a result of twisted components in the cocrystal-has been demonstrated by analyses of single crystal X-ray diffraction, photoluminescence and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy as well as theoretical calculations. We have discovered that space charge separation and the ordered lattice in the TTF-TCPDA cocrystal suppress the radiative decay, while simultaneously strong intermolecular charge transfer enhances the non-radiative decay. The twisted TCPDA component induces rapid charge recombination, while the distorted configuration in TTF-TCPDA favors an internal non-radiative pathway. This research has provided a comprehensive understanding of the photothermal conversion mechanism and opened a new way for the design of advanced organic NIR-II photothermal materials.
we incorporated redox-active tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) and tetrachloroperylene dianhydride (TCPDA) into a cocrystal and its effective NIR-II photothermal which results from the twisted conformation was characterized and analysed.
Abstract
Methionine restriction, a dietary regimen that protects against metabolic diseases and aging, represses cancer growth and improves cancer therapy. However, the response of different cancer ...cells to this nutritional manipulation is highly variable, and the molecular determinants of this heterogeneity remain poorly understood. Here we report that hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) dictates the sensitivity of liver cancer to methionine restriction. We show that hepatic sulfur amino acid (SAA) metabolism is under transcriptional control of HNF4α. Knocking down HNF4α or SAA enzymes in HNF4α-positive epithelial liver cancer lines impairs SAA metabolism, increases resistance to methionine restriction or sorafenib, promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and induces cell migration. Conversely, genetic or metabolic restoration of the transsulfuration pathway in SAA metabolism significantly alleviates the outcomes induced by HNF4α deficiency in liver cancer cells. Our study identifies HNF4α as a regulator of hepatic SAA metabolism that regulates the sensitivity of liver cancer to methionine restriction.
Aim
Adherence to dietary recommendations has been linked to a reduced risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and dying of chronic liver disease. However, its role in the prognosis of HCC ...is still unclear. We prospectively investigated the association of two dietary quality indices, the Chinese Healthy Eating Index (CHEI) and the Healthy Eating Index‐2015 (HEI‐2015), with all‐cause and HCC‐specific mortality in a large prospective cohort of HCC survivors.
Methods
We included 887 patients with newly diagnosed, previously untreated HCC enrolled in the Guangdong Liver Cancer Cohort (GLCC) between September 2013 and April 2017 in the analysis. CHEI and HEI‐2015 scores were calculated based on the dietary intake in the year before diagnosis of HCC. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each index.
Results
During a median follow‐up of 797 days, 389 deaths were identified, including 347 from HCC. Higher CHEI scores, reflecting favorable adherence to the 2016 Dietary Guidelines for Chinese, were associated with a lower risk of all‐cause mortality (T3 vs. T1: HR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.58–0.98) and HCC‐specific mortality (T3 vs. T1: HR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.56–0.98). Non‐significant, inverse associations of HEI‐2015 score with all‐cause mortality (T3 vs. T1: HR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.67–1.11) and HCC‐specific mortality (T3 vs. T1: HR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.71–1.21) were suggested.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that better adherence to the 2016 Dietary Guidelines for Chinese may reduce the risk of all‐cause and HCC‐specific mortality in patients with HCC.
Metallic zinc is a promising anode material for rechargeable aqueous multivalent metal‐ion batteries due to its high capacity and low cost. However, the practical use is always beset by severe ...dendrite growth and parasitic side reactions occurring at anode/electrolyte interface. Here we demonstrate dynamic molecular interphases caused by trace dual electrolyte additives of D‐mannose and sodium lignosulfonate for ultralong‐lifespan and dendrite‐free zinc anode. Triggered by plating and stripping electric fields, the D‐mannose and lignosulfonate species are alternately and reversibly (de‐)adsorbed on Zn metal, respectively, to accelerate Zn2+ transportation for uniform Zn nucleation and deposition and inhibit side reactions for high Coulombic efficiency. As a result, Zn anode in such dual‐additive electrolyte exhibits highly reversible and dendrite‐free Zn stripping/plating behaviors for >6400 hours at 1 mA cm−2, which enables long‐term cycling stability of Zn||ZnxMnO2 full cell for more than 2000 cycles.
Hybrid aqueous electrolyte of ZnSO4 with trace dual electrolyte additives of D‐mannose and sodium lignosulfonate enables ultralong‐lifespan and dendrite‐free Zn metal anode by virtue of D‐mannose and lignosulfonate species alternately and reversibly adsorb on Zn surface to form dynamical molecular interphases and enter Zn2+ solvation sheath to boost de‐solvation kinetics. Zn anode in such dual‐additive electrolyte exhibits exceptional stability for >6400 hours.
Formic acid (HCOOH) is one of the most promising chemical fuels that can be produced through CO2 electroreduction. However, most of the catalysts for CO2 electroreduction to HCOOH in aqueous solution ...often suffer from low current density and limited production rate. Herein, we provide a bismuth/cerium oxide (Bi/CeOx) catalyst, which exhibits not only high current density (149 mA cm−2), but also unprecedented production rate (2600 μmol h−1 cm−2) with high Faradaic efficiency (FE, 92 %) for HCOOH generation in aqueous media. Furthermore, Bi/CeOx also shows favorable stability over 34 h. We hope this work could offer an attractive and promising strategy to develop efficient catalysts for CO2 electroreduction with superior activity and desirable stability.
The limited current density, production rate as well as selectivity hinder the improvement of HCOOH production from CO2 electroreduction. Here, bismuth/cerium oxide (Bi/CeOx) displays outstanding performances for CO2 electroreduction to HCOOH, which not only shows excellent selectivity, but also achieves a high current density (149 mA cm−2) and especially the maximum HCOOH production rate (2600 μmol h−1 cm−2) ever reported.
Abstract Recently pseudorabies outbreaks have occurred in many vaccinated farms in China. To identify genetic characteristics of pseudorabies virus (PRV) strains, we obtained the genomic sequences of ...PRV strains HeN1 and JS, which were compared to 4 PRV genomes and 729 partial gene sequences. PRV strains isolated in China showed marked sequence divergence compared to European and American strains. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that for the first time PRV can be divided into 2 distinct clusters, with Chinese strains being genotype II and PRVs isolated from other countries being genotype I. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis confirmed differences between HeN1 and Bartha strains, as did the presence of unique insertion/deletion polymorphisms and microsatellites. This divergence between the two genotypes may have been generated from long-term, independent evolution, which could also explain the low efficacy of the Bartha vaccine in protecting pigs infected with genotype II PRV.
Self‐healing is the way by which nature repairs damage and prolongs the life of bio entities. A variety of practical applications require self‐healing materials in general and self‐healing polymers ...in particular. Different (complex) methods provide the rebonding of broken bonds, suppressing crack, or local damage propagation. Here, a simple, versatile, and cost‐effective methodology is reported for initiating healing in bulk polymers and self‐healing and anticorrosion properties in polymer coatings: introduction of carbon dots (CDs), 5 nm sized carbon nanocrystallites, into the polymer matrix forming a composite. The CDs are blended into polymethacrylate, polyurethane, and other common polymers. The healing/self‐healing process is initiated by interfacial bonding (covalent, hydrogen, and van der Waals bonding) between the CDs and the polymer matrix and can be optimized by modifying the functional groups which terminate the CDs. The healing properties of the bulk polymer–CD composites are evaluated by comparing the tensile strength of pristine (bulk and coatings) composites to those of fractured composites that are healed and by following the self‐healing of scratches intentionally introduced to polymer–CD composite coatings. The composite coatings not only possess self‐healing properties but also have superior anticorrosion properties compared to those of the pure polymer coatings.
This work utilizes a novel, simple, and versatile approach to produce self‐healing polymers by introduction of surface functionalized carbon dots to the polymer. The concept is successfully validated for several common bulk polymers and standard polymer coatings. The introduction of carbon dots not only induces self‐healing but also significantly improves the anticorrosion resistance of the polymer coatings.
The widely used pseudorabies virus (PRV) Bartha-K61 vaccine has played a key role in the eradication of PRV. Since late 2011, however, a disease characterized by neurologic symptoms and a high number ...of deaths among newborn piglets has occurred among Bartha-K61-vaccinated pigs on many farms in China. Clinical samples from pigs on 15 farms in 6 provinces were examined. The PRV gE gene was detectable by PCR in all samples, and sequence analysis of the gE gene showed that all isolates belonged to a relatively independent cluster and contained 2 amino acid insertions. A PRV (named HeN1) was isolated and caused transitional fever in pigs. In protection assays, Bartha-K61 vaccine provided 100% protection against lethal challenge with SC (a classical PRV) but only 50% protection against 4 challenges with strain HeN1. The findings suggest that Bartha-K61 vaccine does not provide effective protection against PRV HeN1 infection.
Abstract
Rational design of heterostructures opens up new opportunities as an ideal catalyst system for lithium polysulfides conversion in lithium-sulfur battery. However, its traditional fabrication ...process is complex, which makes it difficult to reasonably control the content and distribution of each component. In this work, to rationally design the heterostructure, the atomic layer deposition is utilized to hybridize the TiO
2
-TiN heterostructure with the three-dimensional carbon nanotube sponge. Through optimizing the deposited thickness of TiO
2
and TiN layers and adopting the annealing post-treatment, the derived coaxial sponge with uniform TiN-TiO
2
heterostructure exhibits the best catalytic ability. The corresponding lithium-sulfur battery shows enhanced electrochemical performance with high specific capacity of 1289 mAh g
−1
at 1 C and capacity retention of 85% after 500 cycles at 2 C. Furthermore, benefiting from the highly porous structure and interconnected conductive pathways from the sponge, its areal capacity reaches up to 21.5 mAh cm
−2
.
Derived from structurally similar precursors, two different azidodiboranes went through distinct aryl migration reactions triggered by different boron‐boron separation distances. Biphenylene based ...diborane with a shorter boron‐boron distance underwent heterolateral aryl migration to form a seven‐membered azadiborepin, while xanthrene based diborane with a longer boron‐boron distance afforded a stable bis‐azidoborane scaffold. The pyrolysis of such a bis‐azidoborane led to eight‐membered oxazadiborocine through homolateral aryl migration and subsequent 3+2 cycloaddition. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations unveiled that the boron‐boron separation distances were the intrinsic factors for the distinct migrations.
Two bis‐haloboranes fused by biphenylene and xanthrene were employed to construct azidodiboranes but resulted in different products. The boron‐boron separation distances were identified as the intrinsic factors for the pathway‐selectivity.
PDF
