This study investigated environmental efficiency considering heterogeneity for 192 thermal power plants in the Yangtze River Delta of China from 2009 to 2011. We evaluated environmental efficiency ...using metafrontier directional slacks-based measure. We also testify whether heterogeneity for environmental technology increased or decreased among different provinces. We proposed a regional, time, and coal intensity effects hypothesis to explore the determinants of environmental efficiency through bootstrapped truncated regression. We found that heterogeneity for environmental technology widened from 2010 to 2011. Shanghai had the highest environmental efficiency. Environmental efficiency increased from 2009 to 2010, and declined in 2011. Coal consumption intensity negatively impacted environmental efficiency. It is critical that we should decrease the rate of coal use, and expand technology spillover of production technology and environmental technology among different provinces and power plants.
China has become the largest producer and consumer of cement worldwide. In 2011, carbon emissions of China’s cement industries accounted for 60.6% of cement carbon emissions worldwide. In this ...context, this paper mainly investigates whether eco-efficiency of China’s cement manufacturers has converging tendency or not. First, we evaluated eco-efficiency under directional distance function (DDF) and the directional slack-based measure (DSBM) to compare their biases. Furthermore, we also implement unit root test of panel data to testify convergence analysis upon eco-efficiency in different regions of China in order to overcoming the demerit of conventional convergence approach, which might have invalid inferences. Our empirical analysis revealed that eco-efficiency under DDF has gaps with that under DSBM due to excess input or output shortages. Eco-efficiency in the east, middle and west converged. It is necessary to substitute raw material, increase additive and improve waste use for China’s cement manufacturers.
•We verify the convergence of eco-efficiency through unit root test.•Eco-efficiency in cement manufacturers converged in the east, middle and west.•China’s cement manufacturers should substitute raw material.
This paper mainly compares total factor productivity and eco-efficiency in China's cement manufactures from 2005 to 2010. First, we evaluate total factor productivity and eco-efficiency of China's ...cement manufactures through distance function and directional slack-based measure (DSBM) respectively. Furthermore, we also explore the difference of total factor productivity and eco-efficiency. Last, we investigate the determinants of Malmquist, Mamlquist–Luenberger of China's cement manufactures through random-effect Tobit and bootstrap truncated econometric methods. We find that there are some gaps between Malmquist and Mamlquist–Luenberger of China's cement manufactures. Per labor cement industry value has U-shape relationship with both Malmquist and Malmquist–Luenberger. It is necessary to adopt advanced technology to reduce pollutant emissions.
•Eco-efficiency of cement manufactures is evaluated through slack-based measure.•Eco-efficiency of China's cement manufactures has biases with total factor productivity.•Environmental Kuznets curve is existed for China's cement manufactures.
This paper mainly investigates how 2008's Beijing Olympic Games affects environmental efficiency of China's cities. First, we evaluate environmental efficiency through metafrontier directional ...distance function (DDF), and compare environmental efficiency in different region from static and dynamic perspectives. We also analyze the different treatment of before Olympic Games, during Olympic Games, after Olympic Games on different groups. We find that TGR in the east is the highest, which indicates that environmental production technology in the east has relatively less difference than other three regions. During Olympic Games positively affected environmental efficiency in Beijing, which negatively affected on environmental efficiency under metafrontier in neighbor cities. After Olympic Games positively affected environmental efficiency in Beijing and co-host cities, however, which has insignificant effect on environmental efficiency in neighbor cities. We try to propose some policy implication. First, it is import to develop high-end industry and lengthen value chain of China's secondary industry. Furthermore, it is necessary to improve environmental threshold of FDI and attract clean FDI, which can decrease environmental pollution. Last, China will host 2022 Winter Olympic Games. It is important to use more environmental-soundly building material, and increase clean renewable energy public bus, which can promote green Olympic Games.
In China, agriculture produces the greatest chemical oxygen demand (COD) emissions in wastewater and the most methane (CH
4
) emissions. It is imperative that agricultural pollution in China be ...reduced. This study investigated the influencing factors of the CO
2
emission intensity of Chinese agriculture from 1997 to 2014. We analyzed the influencing factors of the CO
2
emission intensity through the first-stage least-square regression. We also analyzed determinants of innovation through the second-stage least-square regression. We found that innovation negatively affected the CO
2
emission intensity in the model of the nation. FDI positively affected innovation in China. It is important to enhance indigenous innovation for green agriculture through labor training and collaboration between agriculture and academia.
This paper investigated the role of environmental innovation behavior in the economic and environmental performance of 182 Chinese firms. We established an extended theory of planned behavior (TPB) ...model and proposed seven hypotheses by combining TPB and environmental innovation theory. Through structure equation model, we found that attitude toward environment behavior, subjective environmental norm, perceived environment behavioral control positively impact environmental innovation intention. Environmental innovation behavior had a 0.232 larger effect on environmental performance than on economic performance. Production processes have a 0.028 greater positive influence on environmental performance than on economic performance. Enhancing environmental innovation promotes sustainable development. It is important to strengthen cleaner production processes to reduce environmental pollution. It is a significant obligation to conduct environment-related education or training for personnel within firms.
With the rapid increase in household waste, environmental degradation becomes more serious. It is imperative to promote household waste sorting in China. Therefore, this paper mainly studies the ...influencing factors of intention and behavior for household waste sorting. An extended theory of planned behavior (TPB) theoretical model is established by integrating TPB with the theory of environmental regulation. We investigate the moderating roles of knowledge, moral obligation and personal involvement on the relationship between perceived behavior control and low-carbon household waste sorting behavior. Based on 441 valid questionnaires data and structure equation model and multiple regression analysis and differencing analysing, we found that environmental regulation has the highest effect on behavioral intention for household waste sorting, followed by perceived behavioral control and attitude toward house waste sorting in the extended TPB model. In addition, intention and perceived behavior control for household waste sorting positively impact on behavior, followed by perceived behavior control. Knowledge, personal involvement, and moral responsibility have a positive moderating effect on the mechanism between perceived behavior control and household waste sorting behavior, respectively. It is important to enhance the residents' responsibility, personal involvement, and knowledge for household waste soring in China.
Considering government and market failure of environmental regulation to combat increasing GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions, green innovation can mitigate pollution through production processes and ...clean production. This paper aims to investigate endogenous green innovation efficiency and its convergence across China’s 30 provinces from 2004 to 2014. Due to factor endowment heterogeneity, it is important to explore the convergence of green innovation efficiency among China’s different regions, which can compare green innovation efficiency spatially and propose scientific policy implications for regions with relatively weaker green innovation efficiency. Green innovation efficiency is evaluated through epsilon-based measure (EBM) global Malmquist-Luenberger (ML) in order to overcome the demerits of radial model and slacks-based measure (SBM). Panel unit root test is implemented to explore the convergence of green innovation efficiency across different provinces of China, which addresses the invalid inference of conventional
β
convergence. The empirical analysis revealed that green innovation efficiency in the east is the highest among four regions of China. Unit root test of panel data revealed that the northeast had the highest convergence among China’s four regions. It is important to enhance green innovation capacity, and expand knowledge spillover of green innovation technology in order to mitigate GHG emissions.
This article mainly compares different effects of political stability, corruption control and rule of law on CO2 emissions across 65 belt and road initiative countries from 2000-2016. We utilize ...across low income (LI), lower middle(LM), upper middle(UM) and high income (HI)countries. The results show that institutional factors such as political stability, corruption control and rule of law are highly important in lowering carbon emissions and improving environmental quality. The interacting effect between political stability and rule of law can reduce CO2 emissions. Foreign direct investment (FDI) shows a heterogeneous effect on carbon emissions across different income groups, confirming “Pollution Haven” and “Pollution Halo” hypothesis. Trade openness reduces CO2 emissions in low income and high income countries, which increases CO2 emissions in lower-middle income countries. It is important to enhance the enforcement of environmental law to decrease CO2 emissions.
Thermal power plants are the main source of carbon dioxide emissions in China. Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and their neighborhood provinces are the most polluted regions in China. Environmental ...efficiencies of 528 thermal power plants were evaluated through metafrontier epsilon-based measure, which aimed to overcome the invalid inferences of radial or non-radial model. We also analyzed the heterogeneity of environmental efficiency across different regions by considering environmental technology differences. Bootstrap regression was used in order to testify three different hypotheses to address the disadvantages of conventional regression. We found that environmental efficiency in Beijing and Tianjin is higher than the other regions and is becoming divergent. In addition, coal consumption intensity negatively affects environmental efficiency. Large-scale power stations are more environmental efficient than smaller ones. Longer equipment utilization hour can enhance energy performance of power stations, which can decrease carbon emissions and increase environmental efficiency. It is better to promote technology transfer from regions with higher environmental efficiency to regions with lower environmental efficiency. Low-carbon technologies should be promoted to decrease carbon emissions.
