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•The EniRicerche-Boralite-1 (ERB-1) precursor has been synthesized by SEC route firstly.•The ERB-1 has been used for Ti-MWW which shows same catalytic performance with typical ...Ti-MWW.•The SEC route can save a great deal of raw materials and reduce environmental pollution.•The steam-SDA model has been proved to be an effective crystallization model.
Sustainable synthesis of MWW zeolites have been the focus of attention but still a significant challenge. In this study, an innovative synthesis strategy of the EniRicerche-Boralite-1 (ERB-1) precursor is reported via an interesting steam-environment crystallization method (SEC). Compared with the conventional hydrothermal synthesis, this method not only simplified the synthetic process but also reduced 85% amount of boric acid and solvent and half amount of the piperidine (PI, SDA, structure-directing agent). Moreover, the crystallization time was also reduced from 7 d to 2 d. The Ti-MWW prepared with this ERB-1 precursor showed the same catalytic performance as typical post-synthesized Ti-MWW (Ti-MWW-PS) in the liquid-phase epoxidation of 1-hexene with H2O2. XRD and SEM techniques explained the effects of boron content and crystallization time on the preparation of ERB-1. The physicochemical properties of the ERB-1 and corresponding Ti-MWW in different preparation conditions were investigated systematically by the FT-IR, UV–vis, ICP, NH3-TPD and N2 absorption-desorption techniques. This method is both eco-friendly for the synthesis of ERB-1 and effective for the preparation of MWW-type zeolites in industrial production on a large scale in the future.
Obesity is a widespread health problem that brings about various adipose tissue dysfunctions. The balance of energy storage and energy expenditure is critical for normal fat accumulation and lipid ...metabolism. Therefore, understanding the molecular basis of adipogenesis and thermogenesis is essential to maintain adipose development and lipid homeostasis. Increasing evidence demonstrated that lncRNAs (long non-coding RNAs), a class of non-protein coding RNAs of >200 nucleotides in length, are identified as key regulators in obesity-related biological processes through diverse regulatory mechanisms. In this review, we concentrate on recent and relevant studies on the roles of lncRNAs in regulation of white adipogenesis, brown adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism. In addition, the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of lncRNAs is highlighted, and that will make recommendations for the future application of lncRNAs in the treatment of obesity.
•The transcriptional and regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs are illustrated by figure.•Roles of lncRNAs in regulation of white/brown adipogenesis and lipid metabolism are summarized.•The potential lncRNAs involved in adipogenesis and lipid metabolism are represented.•The diagnostic and therapeutic potential of lncRNAs is highlighted.
Pest infestations on wheat, corn, soybean, and other crops can cause substantial losses to their yield. Classification of crop pests is of considerable importance for accurate and intelligent pest ...control. Ensemble models can effectively improve the accuracy of crop pests classification and different ensemble models can produce different results. To study the advantages and disadvantages of ensemble models under different agricultural production environments, six basic models are trained on a D0 dataset. Then, three models with the best classification performance are selected. Finally, the ensemble models, i.e., linear ensemble named SAEnsemble and nonlinear ensemble SBPEnsemble, are designed to combine the basic models for crop pests classification. The accuracies of SAEnsemble and SBPEnsemble improved by 0.85% and 1.49% respectively compared to the basic model with the highest accuracy. Comparison of the two proposed ensemble models shows that the accuracy of SAEnsemble is lower when the pests are very similar to the background, while SBPEnsemble is more likely to make wrong predictions under the condition of huge difference between pests and background. Therefore, in practical agricultural production, choosing linear or nonlinear ensemble methods according to different situations can effectively improve the accuracy of crop pests classification.
Biallelic pathogenic variants in PIP5K1C (MIM #606,102) lead to lethal congenital contractural syndrome 3 (LCCS3, MIM #611,369), a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by small ...gestational age, severe multiple joint contractures and muscle atrophy, early death due to respiratory failure. Currently, 5 individuals with LCCS3 were reported and 5 pathogenic variants in PIP5K1C were identified. Here, we reported the two fetuses in a Chinese pedigree who displayed multiple joint contractures and other congenital anomalies.
Trio-based whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed for the parents and the recent fetus to detect the genetic cause for fetus phenotype.
A novel variant, NM_012398.3: c.949_952dup, p.S318Ifs*28 and a previously reported variant, c.688_689del, p.G230Qfs*114 (ClinVar database) in PIP5K1C, were detected in the individuals, and these variants were inherited from the mother and father, respectively. We described the features of multiple joint contractures in our fetuses, including bilateral talipes equinovarus, stiffness in the limbs, extended knees, persistently closed hands and overlapping fingers, which have not been delineated detailedly in previously reported LCCS3 individuals. Furthermore, novel phenotype, bilateral dilated lateral ventricles, was revealed in one fetus.
These findings expanded the genetic variant spectrum of PIP5K1C and enriched the clinical features of LCCS3, which will help with the prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling for this family.
Critical-sized maxillofacial bone defects have been a tough clinical challenge considering their requirements for functional and structural repair. In this study, an injectable in-situ forming double ...cross-linked hydrogel was prepared from gelatin (Gel), 20 mg/mL alginate dialdehyde (ADA), 4.5 mg/mL Ca2+ and borax. Improved properties of composite hydrogel might well fit and cover irregular geometric shape of facial bone defects, support facial structures and conduct masticatory force. We innovatively constructed a bioactive poly-porous structure by decoration with nano-sized hydroxyapatite (nHA). The highly ordered, homogeneous and size-confined porous surface served as an interactive osteogenic platform for communication and interplay between macrophages and bone marrow derived stem cells (BMSCs). Effective macrophage-BMSC crosstalk well explained the remarkable efficiency of nHA-loaded gelatin/alginate hydrogel (nHA@Gel/ADA) in the repair of critical-size skull bone defect. Collectively, the composite hydrogel constructed here might serve as a promising alternative in repair process of complex maxillofacial bone defects.
Schematic diagram of a composite ADA-Gel hydrogel double cross-linked by Ca2+ and chemical bond and decorated with nHA. Dynamic dissociated PO43− and Ca2+ from nHA interacted with biopolymer to form a tight and compact structure. Improved biomedical and mechanical properties were achieved for its application in maxillofacial bone defect. By interactive modulation between macrophages and BMSCs, the composite hydrogel significantly accelerated bone repair process. Display omitted
Previous studies generally used land use and travel flow to investigate the efficiency of the railway system in Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) cities. Furthermore, to study the association of ...land use and jobs-housing distribution of commuters, we can find out the potential development of rail commuting. In this research, four railway lines in Wuhan, China, were selected to explore the land use in promoting practical commuting population according to the smart-card data obtained. For land use issues, except the road density and building density, a Normalized Location-Weighted Landscape Index (NLWLI) based on the source - sink theory in landscape ecology was established to assess the jobs-housing land use around rail transit stations. Meanwhile, employment and housing details of commuters around rail transit stations were identified using smart-card data. We found that the generation of commuting flow was affected by building density and the land use of employment in the immediate vicinity of rail transit stations. The distribution of building density and commuters in a mature rail line was roughly a normal distribution. However, due to the inconsistency of land use and jobs - housing distribution around stations, the requirement of the balance of land use and jobs - housing distribution should be reduced at the scale of rail stations in the TOD planning systems. This study is the application of massive smart-card data in the field of urban research. It identifies land use issues that affect rail transit commuting flow, and can help urban planners improve the efficiency of rail transit through planning and design.
The catalytic behavior of transition metals (Sc to Zn) combined in polymeric phthalocyanine (Pc) is investigated systematically by using first‐principles calculations. The results indicate that CoPc ...exhibits the highest catalytic activity for CO oxidation at room temperature with low energy barriers. By exploring the two well‐established mechanisms for CO oxidation with O2, namely, the Langmuir–Hinshelwood (LH) and the Eley–Rideal (ER) mechanisms, it is found that the first step of CO oxidation catalyzed by CoPc is the LH mechanism (CO + O2 → CO2 + O) with energy barrier as low as 0.65 eV. The second step proceeds via both ER and LH mechanisms (CO + O → CO2) with small energy barriers of 0.10 and 0.12 eV, respectively. The electronic resonance among Co‐3d, CO‐2π*, and O2‐2π* orbitals is responsible for the high activity of CoPc. These results have significant implications for a novel avenue to fabricate organometallic sheet nanocatalysts for CO oxidation with low cost and high activity.
The catalytic behavior of transition metals (Sc to Zn) combined in polymeric phthalocyanine (Pc) is investigated systematically using first‐principles calculations. CoPc exhibits the highest catalytic activity for CO oxidation at room temperature and its underlying catalytic mechanism is explored. The results have implications for the fabrication of organometallic sheet nanocatalysts with low cost and high activity.
Active learning (AL) is designed to construct a high-quality labeled dataset by iteratively selecting the most informative samples. Such sampling heavily relies on data representation, while recently ...pre-training is popular for robust feature learning. However, as pre-training utilizes low-level pretext tasks that lack annotation, directly using pre-trained representation in AL is inadequate for determining the sampling score. To address this problem, we propose a downstream-pretext domain knowledge traceback (DOKT) method that traces the data interactions of downstream knowledge and pre-training guidance for selecting diverse and instructive samples near the decision boundary. DOKT consists of a traceback diversity indicator and a domain-based uncertainty estimator. The diversity indicator constructs two feature spaces based on the pre-training pretext model and the downstream knowledge from annotation, by which it locates the neighbors of unlabeled data from the downstream space in the pretext space to explore the interaction of samples. With this mechanism, DOKT unifies the data relations of low-level and high-level representations to estimate traceback diversity. Next, in the uncertainty estimator, domain mixing is designed to enforce perceptual perturbing to unlabeled samples with similar visual patches in the pretext space. Then the divergence of perturbed samples is measured to estimate the domain uncertainty. As a result, DOKT selects the most diverse and important samples based on these two modules. The experiments conducted on ten datasets show that our model outperforms other state-of-the-art methods and generalizes well to various application scenarios such as semantic segmentation and image captioning.
Dynamic loading of the hat-shaped specimen of 2195-T6 aluminum lithium alloy was carried out with a split Hopkinson pressure bar at ambient temperature. The formation and evolution mechanisms of ...adiabatic shear band (ASB) in this alloy were investigated and then microstructure was further observed. The microstructure within ASB in 2195 aluminum alloy was characterized by means of optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The width of ASB was about 20–30 um. Nano-grains (50–100 nm) were observed in the middle of shear zone. Experimental results show that the diffusive transformation took place within ASB during high strain rate deformation, namely the precipitates dissolving in the matrix in the process (within about 71 µs). Based on thermodynamics and kinetics analyses, dissolution of precipitates was firstly investigated during adiabatic shearing deformation, and a dissolution model was suggested in the present work. The diffusive transformation and the microstructure evolution within ASB in 2195 alloy were explained.
In this study, we identified that a conserved circular RNA (circRNA) DICAR, which was downregulated in diabetic mouse hearts. DICAR had an inhibitory effect on diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), as the ...spontaneous cardiac dysfunction, cardiac cell hypertrophy, and cardiac fibrosis occurred in DICAR deficiency (DICAR
) mice, whereas the DCM was alleviated in DICAR-overexpressed DICAR
mice. At the cellular level, we found that overexpression of DICAR inhibited, but knockdown of DICAR enhanced the diabetic cardiomyocyte pyroptosis. At the molecular level, we identified that DICAR-VCP-Med12 degradation could be the underlying molecular mechanism in DICAR-mediated effects. The synthesized DICAR junction part (DICAR-JP) exhibited a similar effect to the entire DICAR. In addition, the expression of DICAR in circulating blood cells and plasma from diabetic patients was lower than that from health controls, which was consistent with the decreased DICAR expression in diabetic hearts. DICAR and the synthesized DICAR-JP may be drug candidates for DCM.
